1、Unit 2,DIET Text A Lets go veggie Text B Wheres the Beef,Text A Lets go veggie! 让我们吃素吧！,Learning Objectives: Students will be able to: 1. grasp the main idea and structure of the text; 2. learn to quote authorities and statistics, and to use cause-and-effect analysis in presenting an argument; 3. ma
2、ster the key language points and grammatical structures in the text; 4. conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.,I. Pre-reading tasksA. Topics for oral presentation* The best physicians are Dr. Diet, Dr. Quiet, and Dr. Merryman. 节食博士、精
3、心博士、快乐博士， 三人都是最好的医生。 * diet and health* The foods I am most fond of are-B. Questions and Answers 1. What kind of diet do you think is truly healthful? 2. Do you know someone who is on a diet? If so, pls describe.,II While-reading tasks,1. Ss scans the first sentences of every paragraph in Part II to
4、 find out how many reasons there are for choosing a vegetarian lifestyle. Paras 512 health and food safety concerns Paras 1320 environmental concerns Paras 2129 animal rights concerns,III Post-reading tasks,1. Quoting authorities and statistics; 2. Homework check 3. Prepare for the Next Unit,IV Cult
5、ural Notes,Vegetarianism and health The Food Guide Pyramid The Department of Agriculture Adopt vegetarian diets Vegetarian plant-based diet The American Dietetic Association (ADA) Vegans （绝对）素食者,The food guide pyramid膳食/食物金字塔指南(historical) known as the food pyramid, and formally titled the Improved
6、American Food Guide Pyramid, was published by the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) in 1992 to replace the earlier food groups classification system. The food guide pyramid suggested optimal nutrition guidelines for each food category, per day, using a mnemonic有助于记忆的graphic of a pyramid
7、 with horizontal dividing lines to represent suggested percentages of the daily diet for each food group. Currently published every five years,What is a “Healthy Diet“?,The Dietary Guidelines describe a healthy diet as one that Emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free or low-fat mil
8、k and milk products; Includes lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts; and Is low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, salt (sodium), and added sugars.,Select a section of the pyramid for details The Food Guide Pyramid is an outline of what to eat each day based on the Dietary Guidel
9、ines . Its not a rigid prescription but a general guide that lets you choose a healthful diet thats right for you. The Pyramid calls for eating a variety of foods to get the nutrients you need and at the same time the right amount of calories to maintain healthy weight. Use the Pyramid to help you e
10、at better every day.the Dietary Guidelines way. Start with plenty of breads, cereals, rice, pasta, vegetables, and fruits. Add 2-3 servings from the milk group and 2-3 servings from the meat group. Remember to go easy on fats, oils, and sweets, the foods in the small tip of the Pyramid.,What Counts
11、as One Serving一份? The amount of food that counts as one serving is listed below. If you eat a larger portion, count it as more than 1 serving. For example, a dinner portion of spaghetti would count as 2 or 3 servings of pasta. Be sure to eat at least the lowest number of servings from the five major
12、 food groups listed below. You need them for the vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and protein they provide. Just try to pick the lowest fat choices from the food groups. No specific serving size is given for the fats, oils, and sweets group because the message is USE SPARINGLY.,1992,The current py
13、ramid,What foods are in the grain group? Any food made from wheat, rice, oats燕麦 , cornmeal玉米粉, barley大麦 or another cereal grain is a grain product. Bread, pasta, oatmeal, breakfast cereals are examples of grain products. Grains are divided into 2 subgroups, whole grains粗粮 and refined grains精粮. whole
14、-wheat flour popcorn White flour noodles,Any vegetable or 100% vegetable juice counts as a member of the vegetable group. Vegetables may be raw or cooked; fresh, frozen, canned, or dried/dehydrated; and may be whole, cut-up, or mashed. Vegetables are organized into 5 subgroups, based on their nutrie
15、nt content. Some commonly eaten vegetables in each subgroup are:,What foods are in the vegetable group?,Dark green vegetables broccoli 甘蓝 dark green leafy lettuce Orange vegetables acorn squash小青南瓜 butternut squash冬南瓜 carrots Dry beans and peas Black beans black-eyed peas Starchy vegetables corn gre
16、en peas potato Other vegetables asparagus eggplant celery,Food groups,Any fruit or 100% fruit juice counts as part of the fruit group. Fruits may be fresh, canned, frozen, or dried, and may be whole, cut-up, or pureed磨碎的.,All fluid milk products and many foods made from milk are considered part of t
17、his food group. Foods made from milk that retain their calcium content are part of the group; while foods made from milk that have little to no calcium, such as cream cheese, cream, and butter, are not. Most dairy group choices should be fat-free or low-fat : Cheese Milk Yogurt Milk-based desserts,T
18、ext A Lets go veggie!,Language points Background information Text organization and analysis,Language points for Part 1,unparalleled :unprecedented无比的;无双的;空前未有的 The Chinese womans national speed skating team arrived an success last week. The whole world is facing an economic recession since the 1930s
19、. 最近的经济不景气是自三十年代以来最严重的一次,Language points for Part 2,boost v.(1) increase or raise the strength or value提高；提升；增加 We need a big win to boost our confidence.This move is designed to boost sales during Christmas.(2) To assist in further development or progress推动a bill intended to boost local charities.n
20、. increase, help or encouragement鼓舞It did give me a boost to win such a big event.a big boost in salary,CF: boost, lift, enhance & heightenboost:指通过推力的帮助来攀登或前进。例如 I boosted him over the wall.我从后面把他推过了墙。,Language points for Part 2,lift常指付出努力，以克服重力的阻碍: I cant lift the desk alone. enhance: 暗指比正常状态的提升，且
21、多指价值、品质、声望等的提高。 They tried to enhance their reputation abroad.提高海外声誉 heighten指在普通或习惯的基础上得到升高。例如：Using too much land heightens topsoil loss. 加剧了表层土壤的流失。,Language points for Part 2,He _ his hands above his head. Even a casual observer could hardly have failed to notice the _ of an already tense atmosp
22、here. We want the government to take action to _ the economy. Her rare use of make-up only seemed to _ her classically beautiful features.,devoid: empty; lacking devoid of: (prep.) without; completely lacking (in sth.) This novel is devoid of wit and inventiveness. I have never seen a face that is s
23、o devoid of feeling. 毫无表情的脸Saturated fat饱和脂肪 Saturate: vt. load or fill in completely to capacity The recollection was saturated with sunshine. The air was saturated with the perfume of the flowers. 空中充满花香。,saturated fat n. A fat, most often of animal origin, that is solid at room temperature and wh
24、ose fatty acid chains（脂肪酸烃链） cannot incorporate additional hydrogen atoms（氢原子）. That is, the chain of carbon atoms is fully “saturated” with hydrogen atoms .An excess of these fats in the diet is thought to raise the cholesterol level in the bloodstream saturated fatty acid,Good Fats and Bad Fats,Th
25、e fact is: we all need fats. Fats helps nutrient absorption, nerve transmission(神经传导）, maintaining cell membrane（细胞膜） integrity etc. However, when consumed in excess amount, fats contribute to weight gain, heart disease and certain types of cancer. Fats are not created equal. Some fats promote our h
26、ealth positively while others increase our risks of heart disease. The key is to replace bad fats with good fats in our diet.,Good fatsunsaturated fatsmonounsaturated fats单不饱和脂肪polyunsaturated fats多不饱和脂肪,The good fats,Monounsaturated Fats Monounsaturated fats (MUFAs) lower total cholesterol（总胆固醇） an
27、d LDL cholesterol (the bad cholesterol) while increasing HDL cholesterol (the good cholesterol). HDL是高密度脂蛋白胆固醇，俗称好胆固醇，它能清理粘附在血管壁上的LDL，血液中HDL含量较高为好 。Nuts including peanuts, walnuts, almonds and pistachios（开心果）, avocado（鄂梨 牛油果） , canola（芥花油） and olive oil are high in MUFAs. MUFAs have also been found
28、to help in weight loss, particularly body fat.,Polyunsaturated Fats,Polyunsaturated fats also lower total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Seafood like salmon and fish oil, as well as corn, soy, safflower（红花） and sunflower oils are high in polyunsaturated fats. Omega 3 fatty acids belong to this gro
29、up.,Bad fats Saturated fats Trans fats,The bad fats,Saturated Fats Saturated fats raise total blood cholesterol as well as LDL cholesterol (the bad cholesterol).Saturated fats are mainly found in animal products such as meat, dairy, eggs and seafood. Some plant foods are also high in saturated fats
30、such as coconut oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil（棕榈仁油) .,Trans Fats,Trans fats are invented as scientists began to “hydrogenate“使氢化 liquid oils so that they can withstand better in food production process and provide a better shelf life(保存期限，储存寿命) . As a result of hydrogenation, trans fatty acids a
31、re formed.Trans fatty acids are found in many commercially packaged foods(包装食品) , commercially fried food such as French Fries from some fast food chains, other packaged snacks such as microwaved popcorn as well as in vegetable shortening(起酥油) and hard stick margarine(硬人造奶油) .,Language points for Pa
32、rt 2,notoriety: n. being notorious; ill fame He achieved notoriety as chief counsel to President in the Watergate event. notorious: adj. to be well known unfavorably; infamous This area is notorious for drugs, crime and violence. This company is notoriously inefficient. 效率低是出了名的,Language points for
33、Part 2,Bow: bend the head or body as a sign of respect Everyone bowed as the Queen walked into the room. Bow to: submit to (sth.); accept or obey (sth.) 屈服于 Some shops are bowing to consumer pressure and begin to reduce prices.,Language points for Part 2,Retrieve: get (sth.)back Computers are used t
34、o store and retrieve information efficiently. We taught our dog to retrieve a ball. Rescue; save He was retrieved from degeneration.堕落,Language points for Part 2,Package: make (sth.)into or put (sth.) in a bag, box etc. for selling 包装；打包 These organic olives are packaged in recycled containers. Afte
35、r food is processed and packaged, it enters an extensive distribution network across the country and even around the world. n. (有关联的)一组事物,一揽子交易(计划,建议等) It is highly necessary to work out an emergency package.制定一整套应急措施是非常必要的。,Graze vi. 1. (牛,羊等)吃草;放牧 Cattle were grazing on the meadow. 牛在牧场上吃草。 vt. 吃(
36、田野)里的草;在田野里吃(草等) 2. 用牧草喂;放牧 We graze cattle on our fields. 我们在自己田里牧牛 名词 n. 1. 吃草;放牧 2. 牧草,Language points for Part 2,Dam: build a dam across ( a river etc.) 筑坝; 筑坝拦(水) They are damming the river. The reservoir was formed by damming the Yellow River.,Language points for Part 2,Bring/press charges aga
37、inst sb. 指控某人 Charge sb. with 控以罪 Charge for 为收费 Free charge 免费地 In charge of 管理；负责,Language points for Part 2,Deplete: vt. 1. 用尽;使减少 2. 耗尽.的资源(精力等);使空虚(+of) deplete a lake of fish 使湖中的鱼类资源枯竭 Potent: very effective and powerful(药等)有效力的,有效能的 A new potent antibiotic will shortly be available. 一种新的高效抗生
38、素不久将在市面销售。 The Berlin wall was a potent symbol of the Cold War. 有力象征,Writing practice,Write an essay based on the title and outlines given below, using cause-and-effect analysis. Fast Food 1. 快餐在中国十分流行，它是现代快节奏社会的最佳反映。 2. a. 快餐受欢迎有两条原因： b. 然而，从营养角度来讲，快餐却难如人意。 3. 对快餐还是以偶尔品尝为宜。,Summary writing,Scientif
39、ic research has provided enough evidence to prove that (我们一向利用不合适的养料来维持人类生理引擎的运转) ，They are not safe and healthy foods. They have many (营养缺陷) For example, they are (缺乏) fiber. And they may contain many kinds of bacteria, which can do harm to mans health. On the contrary, plant foods are healthy and
40、reliable. A vegetarian diet (可以降低人们患慢性疾病的危险). Furthermore, animal-based agriculture (严重地毁坏了环境) .To raise, feed, shelter, transport, process and package the farm animals slaughtered every year (需要耗费大量的水和其它能源) .Much of the agricultural land (被用来放牧和种饲料) . (因为动物在把植物转化为可食用的肉类这方面的效率很低),Stop Eating Meat an
41、d Save the Planet?,methane, which is belched打嗝；喷出 in large quantities by cows and other livestock raised for the meat and dairy industries, is among the most potent planet-warming gases. the magazine World Watch claimed more than half of human-produced, planet-warming gases were caused by meat indus
42、tries,cattle fed on grass may have much lower carbon footprints碳足迹 than those fed in feedlots because animals in pasture lands require fewer fossil fuel-based inputs like fertilizers and because they help the soil sequester隔离carbon.,The biggest animal rights groups do not always overlap in their mis
43、sions, but now they have coalesced联合 around a message that eating meat is worse for the environment than driving. They and smaller groups have started advertising campaigns that try to equate vegetarianism with curbing greenhouse gases.,In late November, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organ
44、ization issued a report stating that the livestock business generates more greenhouse gas emissions than all forms of transportation combined.,People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals and other groups expected their environmental counterparts to immediately hop on the “Go Veggie!” bandwagon加入-浪潮,
45、 but that did not happen.,Humane Society has also been highlighting other scientific studies and show that “switching to a plant-based diet does more to curb global warming than switching from an S.U.V. to a Camry,” Environmental groups, meanwhile, readily concede (admit) that mobilizing against mea
46、t eaters is not their highest priority.,Environmental Defense Fund is also “in agreement on the value of eating less meat,” But this group would rather spend its time and money influencing public policy specifically, getting Congress to regulate greenhouse gases.,Global warming& meat industry,Which is more effective, to raise public awareness of the harm of meat industry or to get the government to regulate global warming?,Additional words:,Omnivore=omnivorous animal杂食动物 Herbivore=herbivorous animal食草动物 Carnivore=carnivorous animal食肉动物,
