1、2012考研英语写作高分策略,开场白,Tom, ten years old, was failing maths. His parents tried everything to get him to do well in school, but in vain. Finally they enrolled him in a Catholic school. From the first day, Tom spent every night poring over his books. When his first report card arrived home, he had receiv
2、ed an A in mathematics.,“Son,” the father asked, “what made the difference? The nuns? The textbooks?” “Id never taken maths seriously before,” Tom admitted, “but when I walked in and saw that guy nailed to the plus sign, I knew this place meant business.” From Readers Digest,三大“原则”，八个“注意”,原则一：“死去活来”
3、,一、爱考研英语作文,Pygmalion Effect Rosenthal, R. & Jacobson, L. (1968, 1992) I love English. I love NETEM (National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates).,二、写作提高三“步”曲,死背改写活用 Practice makes perfect.,原则二：表达 内容,有钱能做很多事情。 Have money can do many things. Having money can do many things. We can do many t
4、hings with money/if we are rich. It goes without saying that we can do many things with money.,原则三：英语vs.汉语,共性程工，1999,语言共性论，上海外语教育出版社。 特性正迁移：I love you.负迁移：There are 50 students play computer games.,学生常见写作错误,在抽样的30篇作文里，所发现的学生的错误有284个和母语干扰有关，占全部398个错误的2/3以上。王红（2002）,一、英语：形合；汉语：意合,英语：形合（“借助形态和形式词来表示词间、
5、小句间和句子间的关系”，周志培，2003，p. 34) 汉语：意合（“不借助形态和形式词，靠词语与句子本身意义上的连贯与逻辑顺序而实现的连接”，周志培，2003，p. 34 ）,形态词,internationalizationinternationalize internationalist, internationalisminternationalinternationality, internationallyinternationalenationnation-hood, nation-state, nation-widenationally, nationalitynationaln
6、ationalize, nationalization, nationalismnationalistnationalisticnationalistically,二、英语：繁复；汉语：简单,Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned，orderly，systematic，and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the st
7、udy of natural phenomena. 社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它力图像自然科学家研究自然现象那样，用理性的、有序的、系统的和冷静的方式研究人类及其行为。,比较：,The picture has a snake. The picture has a cat. The cat and snake are crying. They are going to be eaten by people. As is vividly depicted in the cartoon, both the cat and the snake are on the table, with tear
8、s in their eyes, waiting to be eaten by humans.,三、英语：形聚神聚；汉语：形散神聚,睡时，灯是不敢点的，她怕楼上的灯光招惹是非，也希冀眼前干净些，完全一片黑。（叶圣陶夜） When she went to bed she dared not light the lamp for fear the light upstairs would attract attention and cause trouble, besides, she preferred to see nothing, to be in sheer darkness. （周志培，
9、2003，p. 174）,2003年作文,Directions: Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and point out its implications in our life. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20 points）,20分例文,It goes
10、without saying that the drawings aim at revealing a common and serious problem in China: how to educate and cultivate the young. Lets take a closer look at the drawings. In an ideal condition, the flower blooms. But when moved out of the green house, it perishes under the rain and storm. It is obvio
11、us that the flower in greenhouse cant withstand wind and rains.,Nowadays the young generation in China, like the flower in the greenhouse, live under the full protection from their parents. Parents want to show all their love to their children. They give their children all the best things they can a
12、fford and do not let their children do anything at home. Self-centeredness and arbitrariness have become a trait of the young generation. Once leaving their parents, many young people cannot make a living of their own. They get lost when stepping into the complex reality and cannot face any hardship
13、s and difficulties.,Children education has become one of the most popular topics discussed not only by education experts, but also by people in all walks of life. The failure of children education does more harm to the development of our society and our civilization than to children themselves. Thus
14、, its high time that parents, educators and the government made concerted efforts to put an end to this situation.,2012考研英语写作预测1,Directions: Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and point out its imp
15、lications in our life. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20 points）,2012考研英语写作预测2,Directions: Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and point out its implications in our life
16、. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20 points）,2012考研英语写作预测3,Directions: Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and point out its implications in our life. You should write ab
17、out 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20 points）,精选词汇,注意英汉两种语言的不同，避免Chinglish mad cow disease BSE: bovino spongiform encephalopathy（牛海绵状脑病）,精选词汇,人才流失 loss of talent()，brain drain() 财富外流 wealth flow out (), out flow of wealth () 贫富悬殊 the gap between the rich and the poor (), polarization of the ri
18、ch and the poor,注意二：句型多变,描述本分（description） The picture tell us a story that 得分不高 The picture is about得分不高 From the picture we can see that得分不高 As is illustrated in the picture that As depicted in the picture that As is shown/ demonstrated in the cartoon/picture,借助定语从句表达观点 （限定性和非限定性）,There are many r
19、easons why people make insincere commitments, but. The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.,借助名词性从句表达观点,It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good
20、 fortune must be in want of a wife. Pride and Prejudice,一 、主语从句,It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy. It is known to all that It is generally believed that It goes without saying that It is universally acknowledged that,二、宾语从句,They believe that the central governments decision to d
21、evelop the western part of the country and the success of Beijings bid to host the 2008 Olympics will open up further opportunities for the countrys development. Experience from foreign countries suggests that no aircraft manufacturers can survive depending only on their domestic market.,三、表语从句,This
22、 is where she lived when she was young. Quality is what counts most. The problem is not who will go, but who will stay.,四、状语从句（时间，原因，地点，条件，让步，转折等）,Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers. Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselv
23、es describing their environment as well.,五、被动句,Some measures should be taken to deal with the problem. Many people believe that(It is believed that) The government and the public should pay enough attention to(Enough attention should be paid tofrom both the government and the public.),六、设问句,Do you s
24、till remember the boy who cried wolf for several times so no one would trust him? Should we just stand by and watch this situation worsen day by day?,七、倒装句,Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem. So rapidly does the economy develop that a lot of social problems has cropped up i
25、n the past few years.,八、强调句,It is this perspective that we must take to form a balanced view on the world around us. It is the government that is responsible for providing job opportunities for the young.,Directions:,Write an essay of 160200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you s
26、hould 1) describe the drawing briefly, 2) explain its intended meaning, and then 3) support your view with an example/examples. You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20points),As we can see from the picture, a football match is going on. On guarding the door, the left man seems to be keeping a
27、 “huge door” that is easy and inevitable for a goal, while the right person hesitates to kick the ball with an illusion about the “huge door keeper”. It is obvious that both of them exaggerate the difficulties in front of them.,This photo does reflect a thought-provoking social phenomenon which is n
28、ot uncommon in China now. The young always give up because the problem is beyond their ability to cope with. Superficially, it seems to be somewhat reasonable, but when weighing in the mind, we find there is an apparent tendency underlying this phenomenon: the lack of confidence.,Firstly, it is well
29、-known that we exist in a dynamic world with various difficulties. We can do nothing but face them. Secondly, attitude is the key point to take the first step. Assume bravery and confidence to solve the problem, you will find the question is not as “huge” as you imagine.,Take us for example, the ent
30、rance exam for graduate students even seems to be a horrible monster before us. Some people may give up, some persist. So, with confidence and the right assessment of the difficulties, try and exert your strength, and then we will overcome all problems.,On the whole, I believe we young people should
31、 face the difficulties in right manner. And nothing is impossible, just do it.,注意三：段落结构,注意三：段落结构,启承 转合,字数分配,开头段,主题句； 展开句（12句）； 小结句。,中间段的展开方法,1、列举法(Listing),first, second, third.last firstly, secondly, thirdly.finally to begin with, whats more, in the end first of all, then, next, moreover, furthermo
32、re. in the first place, in the second place, last but not least,2、举例法(Exemplification),for example, for instance, such as, like a good case in point is There are many examples to prove.Here I will cite just a few. There is enough/convincing/sufficient evidence to prove. Take.as an example.,3、比较对比法(C
33、omparison and Contrast),just as, in comparison, like, similarly, likewise, correspondingly, similar to in contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, unlike, whereas, but, however, yet, while There are some similarities/differences between. .have something/little in common with.,4、因果法(Cause and Ef
34、fect),because, because of, since, now that, owing to, due to cause, result in, lead to, therefore, thus, consequently, as a result, as a consequence The reasons why.can be traced to. The causes for.are as follows.,结尾段,1、解决问题，展望未来,（2005年）As far as I am concerned, we should do something to prevent suc
35、h an evil phenomenon from happening again. To begin with, all the society should condemn such a wrongdoing and these children should be punished by law. Whats more, every citizen must realize it is our duty to support our parents when they are old. Only with the joint efforts can we hope to solve th
36、is problem.,2000年,Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures. For one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws to control commercial fishing. For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that the ocean resources are vital to our survival. Only in this
37、 way can we protect our ocean resources. Also, I believe that we human beings can overcome this difficulty, and we will have a bright future.,2002年,As Chinese citizens, we should respect our own national culture and learn useful things from the cultures of different nations, which will enable us to
38、make great progress in many ways. I believe a happy and bright future is awaiting us if we make every effort to promote cultural development both nationally and internationally.,2、总结归纳,（1998年）I dare say that our society is suffering corruption and cheat which are causing damage to society both mater
39、ially and morally. But the hen and her like should know that by dishonest words no one could survive the intense competition in the market economy. They should remember the old saying, “Honesty is the best policy“.,2001年,So to sum up, we should offer our help to all who are in need. We expect to get
40、 love from others and we also give love to others. I believe that the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.,注意四：文章脉络清晰,As is vividly described in the two pictures, many young people are fans of stars and they try every means to show
41、their adoration. The first photo shows a face of a guy who has the name “Beckham”a famous British footballer written on his face, while in the second picture another guy spends 300 yuana big sum of money for many people doing a hairstyle of Beckham.,The photos clearly reveal a serious and pervasive
42、social problem nowadays. First of all, there is no denying that many youngsters want to be famous or rich overnight, therefore their focus is only on the success of the superstars, ignoring the fact that the famous people have to overcome many hardships and difficulties before they attain their succ
43、ess. A case in point is Beckham or Liu Xiang.,Whats more, following the footsteps of superstars will waste the youngsters precious time. They are at a prime time to learn new knowledge and lay a solid foundation for their future career. Sheer adoration of stars will ruin their study and their future
44、.,Last but not least, some stars are not the ideal idols for young people, for example, the famous footballer Maradona used to abuse drugs. This, of course, has a negative effect on the development of the young people.,In my point of view, effective measures must be taken to correct this situation.
45、It is the responsibility of the authorities to educate the young people to achieve success in a correct way. Meanwhile, the younger generation should redirect their adoration for stars to hard work, thus making greater contributions to the society.,注意五：题材,一、问题解决型,1、1997,2、1998,3、1999,4、2000,5、2003,6
46、、2005,7、2006,二、积极弘扬型,1、2001,2、2002,3、2004,三、客观分析型,1、2006,2、2007,注意六：体裁,论说文 ,注意七：卷面,一、拼写正确 二、书写工整，清晰易读,注意八：杜绝低级错误,Is our children learning? Our childrens do learn. George W. Bush I is a student We must did something “木桶理论”,三大原则,一、练习“死去活来”； 二、表达优先； 三、英语的归英语。,八个“注意”,一、词； 二、句； 三、段； 四、文； 五、题材； 六、体裁； 七、
47、卷面； 八、少错。,更多信心？！,2001,Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone has his/her understanding of it. There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the newspaper to,1) show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the p
48、icture below, 2) give a specific example, and 3) give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.,It is generally believed that love is a hot topic which is most talked about. This is true not only in China but also in other countries. We live in different countries, speak different languages,
49、but love is something common to us all. But how to show love may be different with different people in different countries. This is something we should give more thought to.,As shown in the picture, love is like a lamp which shines brightest in dark places. This tells us a simple truth: Love is like a lamp. It is most valuable when it is most needed. For example, once I saw a foreign lady get lost in the street. She could not speak Chinese and nobody seemed to be able to help her.,
