1、大学英语四级考试 CET-4,第一部分 听力理解一. 短对话（一） 送分题1. 计算a. 日期b. 时刻c. 基本数字d. 价格,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）a. hotelb. restaurantc. post officed. shop / storee. book storef. libraryg. schoolh. banki. airport and customs,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）j. railway station and bus stationk. courtl. hospitalm. drugstoren. filling station and gar
2、ageo. recreational and leisure activitiesp. countries and statesq. directions,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）,a. hotel front desk; reception; room service; register; reservation; to book a room; to check in; to check out; porter; single room; double room; suit; bathroom b. restaurant cafeteria; bar; waiter; waitre
3、ss; order; reserve; menu; bill; tip; go Dutch; my treat; taste; pie; dessert; have a sweet tooth; main dish; drink; hot dog; toast; sandwich; pizza; whisky; wine; beer; alcohol; soft drink,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）,c. post office postage; postcard; parcel; package; express; regular mail; registered mail; spe
4、cial delivery; air-mail; zip code; envelope; mail; yellow page to dial; extension; long distance call; stamp; collected call; to install a phone d. shop department; supermarket; groceries; size; style; fashion; brand; price; cost; cash; color; expensive; cheap; bargain; in stock; on sale; out of sto
5、ck,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）,e. book store buy; return; edition; periodicals; hardback; paperback; regular price; on sale; out of print; order f. library latest issue; up-to-date information; overdue; be due; to renew; borrow; return; circulation; to pay fines; author catalogue; call number; subject catalogu
6、e; card catalogue; bookshelf; indicator number; alphabetical order; card; reference book; ,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）,g. school registration; graduate; enroll; quit school; term; semester; academic year; quiz; exam; experiment; doctors degree; masters degree; bachelors degree; tuition; dormitory; clinic; scho
7、larship; credit; campus; canteen; science; Students Union; Students Center; freshman; sophomore; junior; senior; undergraduate; graduate student; lecture; compulsory course; optional course; assignment; paper; seminar; subject; topic; presentation; liberal arts; gym.,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）,h. bank open an
8、 account; a savings account; balance; a checking account; cash a check; bank clerk; interest; interest rate; fixed deposit; exchange; current account i. airport and customs air-line; air-host / hostess; depart from Gate 2; arrive at Gate 3; flight 101; luggage; take off; departure; arrival; smoking
9、section; seat belt; non-smoking section; boarding pass; declare; baggage claim tag; an aisle seat; duty free;,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）,i. airport and customs fill in the form; pay duty on; flight attendant j. railway station and bus station platform; carriage; conductor; passenger; taxi driver; pull in; pul
10、l out; sleeping car; emergency brake k. court jury; judge; counselor; lawyer; case; sue; appeal; accuse sb of sth; charge sb with sth; trial; sentence; service,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）,l. hospital doctor; surgeon; dentist; nurse; patient; burn; general ward; private ward; isolation war; cold; observation wa
11、rd; consulting room; feel sick; emergency room; out-patient department; flu; in-patient department; ambulance; insomnia; bruise / wound; dizzy; fever; infection; pain; vomit; chill; cough; itch; lose ones appetite; a sore throat; high / low blood pressure; stomachache; diarrhea; prescription; Open y
12、our mouth, and say “Ah after me”,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）,m. drugstore pharmacy; make up a prescription; pills; dose; tablet; powder; capsule; mixture; antibiotics; digestive; sleeping pills n. filling station and garage grease the car; fill up the tank; brake; battery; emergency brake; steering wheel; a fl
13、at tire; windscreen; super; two gallons of super; three gallons of regular,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）,o. creational and leisure activities theater; cinema; exhibition; go to the movies; dancing hall; fashion show; watering flowers; kitchen; barbers; haircut; concert; Karaoke; garden; amusement park; party; Di
14、sney Land; teahouse; journey; travel; barbecue p. countries and states America; the States of California; New York; Alaska; Chicago; Washington; Los Angles; Hawaii; Atlanta; Boston; Britain; England; London; Canada; France; Paris; Italy; Rome,2. 地点题（人物、职业、身份）,q. directions right; left; in front of;
15、next to; close; beside; by northwest; southwest; northeast; above; southeast; bottom; over; beneath; underneath; across the street; at / in / on the corner; top; down the street,3. 细节题a. 物品名称b. 时间列举c. 地点位置d. 人物列举e.数字列举f. 兴趣爱好,（二）测试重点与方向 强调 建议/请求 因果 否定 反问 虚拟 比较 推断 释意,强调 The best; the most important;
16、the first; obviously; not only but also; the only; nothing but; truly; nothing could be stronger / faster / better / less / more terrible; cant agree more; theoretically; above all; understandably; as a matter of fact; literally; surely; actually; factually; virtually; in particular; predictably; pa
17、rticularly; practically; undoubtedly;,建议 You might as; If I were you; Maybe you should; Shall we?; Perhaps we should; Why not?; Lets ; Youve got to; Youd better; Youve to; How about? 请求 I wonder if ? Would / Will you please ? Would you mind ? Could / Can you ? How about ? Could you do me a favor? 提议
18、 Shall I ? Can I ? Would you like ? Do you want me to ? How about?,接受/同意 Thank you; OK, please; Id love/like to, thanks; Great idea; Yes; Sure; No problem; Of course; Its very nice of you doing so; Out of question; By all means; Thats a good idea; Its up to you; I wouldnt have missed it for anything
19、; I cant agree with you more; 拒绝 No way; No, I dont think its necessary; Sorry; Please dont; No, its not really; I cant ; Im sure not; its so kind of you, but; Id grateful, but; I am afraid not; Thank you all the same,因果 because; as; for; since; that; hence; therefore; consequently; reason in conseq
20、uence; due to; owing to; thanks to; because of; on account of; as a result; result from; result in; give rise to; be attributable to; contribute to; attribute to; not that; lead to; so that; suchthat; in order to; bring about; be responsible to; occur from;,否定 never; scarcely; seldom; rarely; hardly
21、; resist; unable; impossible; incapable; unnecessary; unbelievable; little; ill-minded; no one; out of; nobody; none; nothing; neither; nor; dislike; ignore; fail; refuse; hate; stop from; miss; deny; overlook; keep from; anything but; far from; without; instead of; short of; beyond; too to; rather
22、than; prefer to; no way; out of the question; not at all; doubt; exclude; escape; lack; reject; decline; against; past; unwilling; reluctant; let alone; the last;,否定 not the least of; should better than to do; be more than; had expected to; at a loss; Id love to, but ; is yet to be decided;in vain;
23、should have done; I meant to do; unlikely; avoid ,反问 M: Do you enjoy learning English? W: Enjoy? Q: M: Didnt you find the book you want? W: Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.,M: Wouldnt you get bored with the sameroutine year after year teaching the samethings to children? W: I dont think I would be as bori
24、ng asworking in the office. Teaching is moststimulating. Q: What does the woman think about office work? A) Its awfully dull. B) Its really exciting. C) Its very exhausting. D) Its quite challenging.,虚拟,倒装 Had we set out half hour earlier, we would have avoided the traffic jam. 含蓄虚拟 but for; except
25、for; without; with; otherwise e.g. But for my brothers help, I couldnt have finished the project. 固定句式 wish; as if / though; if only; it is (high / about ) time that; would rather that; in case; for fear that; lest,比较 more than; not asas; not soas; preferto; would ratherthan; instead of; superior to
26、; inferior to; unlike; no more than; no less than; nothing compares to; parallel; match; equal; dwarf; overshadow; the same as; twice as much as; like; similar; resemble; than any other; different from,推断 1. 语音 语调 2. 虚拟语气 3. 第二说话人往往是答案 4. 英美文化背景知识 W: Look here, darling. The paper says people tend to
27、 feel unwell if they sleep less than six hours a day. M: That may be true for you, but it certainly isnt true for me. Q: What can we conclude from the mans answer?,M: Think it over carefully, you must have left itsomewhere. W: But the problem is that I have to have it now. Ineed it to use my car, an
28、d when I get home, toopen the door. Q: What has happened to the woman?M: Lets see if the basketball game has started yet. W: Started? It must be clear who is winning bynow. Q: What does the woman mean?,释意 above all; after all; access to; account for; at home; a good case in point; anything but; at a
29、 loss; at ease with; as to; ahead of schedule; back up; before long; be no exception; be bound to; behind schedule; on schedule; by chance; beyond compare / hope / description / endurance / comprehension / words / control; by no means; by the day; call off; call for; catch sight of; be caught in; co
30、me across; contribute to; cope with; count on; crash into; cut short;,释意 date back on; day in and day out; depend on; die out ; do away with; do sb a favor; do ones best; drop by / in on; drop out; due to end up; enjoy oneself; essential to; except for; fall behind; fed up with; figure out; find fau
31、lt with; focus on; face to face; fall asleep; fall sick; fall back on; for the time being; free of charge; full up; get along with; get nowhere; get over; generally speaking; get rid of; get used to; give sb a lift; give birth to; give rise to; go about; go to extremes; go off duty; on guard against
32、;,释意 hand up; hold on; have an impact on; hold ones breath; hold up; heart and soul; hang about; head for; learn by heart; lose heart; in spite of; in bad taste; in case in detail; in general; in harmony with; in honor of; in ones favor; in question; in terms of ; in the long run; join in; interfere
33、 with; involved in ; in turn; keep secret; keen on; kill time; keep in touch with; keep an eye on; keep body and soul together;,释意 last but not the least; lead to; lay off; look forward to; look into; look down on; look out; lose face; lose heart; lose weight; make a fuss; make living; make a reserv
34、ation; make ends meet; make for; matters of concern; mind your own business; mistake sb for sb else; more or less; make fun of; no matter how; no more than; not morethan; off the top of ones head; on purpose; on ones own; now and then; now that; nothing; serious;,释意 on behalf; on and off; on sale; o
35、n the contrary; out of date; out of the question; out of question; owing to; oweto; on the tip of ones tongue; pass on to; pay a fine; pick up; rack ones brain; rain cats and dogs; rather than; regardless of; read between the lines; resign ones post; resort to; result in; result from; round the corn
36、er; safe and sound; serve as; serve sb right; set aside; show ones cards; shut up; sleep like a log; sold out; sooner or later; so what;,释意 stand a chance; stand by; stand for; be supposed to; stand in ones way; stand on ones own feet; stay up late; stick to; sum up; take great pains; take ones time
37、; thank goodness; take the trouble doing sth; take turns; talk back; tired of; turn up; turn down; turn off; take apart; tell the difference between; theres nothing like; the least that under arrest; under obligation to do sth; under the weather; up to date; up to the point; upside down; be used to;
38、 used to; use up,释意 walk dog; walk of life; want ad; whats the point of; well-balanced; well off; what is more; wear out; when it comes to; on the spot; in step; out of step; keep ones word; at the cost of; at all event; at intervals; adhere to; all but; turn ones back on; white elephant; why not; w
39、ithout any trace; wipe out; work out; wishful thinking; with regard to; year round; go wrong with; You bet! Thanks to; turn down; turn to; take shelter; the other day; apart from; appeal to; as a result of; as long as; as usual;,释意 bring about; but for; by and large; by means of; by the way; chances
40、 are that; check in; in season; check out; cheer up; come up with; doze off; dream of; draw on; draw up; drive sb mad; if only; every other day; exceed the speed limit; expose to; take effect; on earth; feel like; flat tire; be fond of; for fear of; for sale; go ahead; go Dutch; go over; good for no
41、thing; heavy traffic; in addition to; have sth in common; have intention of doing sth; have sth done; have the final say; in particular; in advance; go after;,释意 keep sth in good order; keep in mind; leave alone; keep ones promise; know for sure; keep track of; leave out; let alone; let down; live u
42、p to; make sure; make no difference; make up; not to mention; make up for; no wonder; none of ones business; not as good as; nothing but; make sense,二. 长对话 （一）基本形式 （二）测试题材 （三）测试要点,（一）基本形式,开始话题 (问候/背景情况) 进入主题(讨论/结论/观点碰撞/解决方法)结束(态度/建议/决定/),（二）测试题材,1. 校园生活类,（二）测试题材,1. 校园生活类,（二）测试题材,2. 社会生活类,（二）测试题材,3.
43、工作类,（二）测试题材,科普知识,（二）测试题材,4. 新闻采访与文化教育类,（三）测试要点,1. 测试方式 主旨题 推断题 细节题 2. 测试方向 (同短对话重点测试方向),（三）测试要点,答题要略 1. 选项均为动词(-Ving / -Ved)问题多为建议某人做某事或目的 2. 选项含had better; should; would rather; wouldlike等时,问题多为观点或建议 3. 选项含think; like; dislike; enjoy; agree; disagree;mind等时,问题多为某人的评价或感受 4. 选项含形容词或副词等比较或最高级时,问题多为人或物
44、间优劣或不同,（三）测试要点,5. 选项均为名词/名词词组时,问题多为某一事件主题 6. 与对话主题或其他选项内容差距大的多不是答案 7. 若有两个选项意思相反,则其中定有一个是答案 8. 不符常规的多不是答案 9. 最为概括的选项多为答案,三. 篇章短文,（一）测试类型1. 人物故事2. 社会习俗3. 文化教育4. 科普知识5. 社会问题6. 日常生活7. 交通旅游,三. 篇章短文,（二）答案出处1. 短文开头与结尾处2. 列举或举例处(见写作“连接”)3. 各类逻辑关系处(见听力短对话)4. 强调处(见听力短对话)5. 比较或对比处(见听力短对话)6. 含年代、数量、价格、时间等数字处7.
45、 表建议处(见听力短对话)8. 引言处9. 动作行为、目的建议、研究结果、解决方法,篇章短文四步自我训练法,Step 1 第一遍听磁带时认真做题，对所选取的每段文章都要认真仔细听，注意时间，模拟考场氛围。做完后还要注意统计对错个数，并分析选项特点,练习快速扫描选项的能力。,篇章短文四步自我训练法,Step 2 脱离文字材料再听4-5遍录音。此时绝对不允许照着文字材料听，应该反复使用录音机上的重复键，尽最大努力听懂全文内容。听第5遍或第6遍时，可以一边听一边将全文听写下来，然后对照文字材料，看看自己写下来的有什么问题。分析听不懂的原因，是语音、词汇还是语法？然后有针对性地加以解决。,篇章短文四步
46、自我训练法,Step 3 在足够熟悉此段中的内容后，打开文字材料，一边听录音一边看，并在短文中标出相应考点和问题答案，仔细体会，分析自己为什么被某些干扰项误导。,篇章短文四步自我训练法,Step 4 跟着磁带大声朗读，以提高自己的语速。如果自己的语速能基本跟上听力材料的语速，再做同类型题目，困难就不大了。,消除听力练习过程中以下错误做法,1 消极被动式很多同学在听力过程中没有动手的习惯，听就是听，在做题时才努力回忆与该题有关的信息。甚至有的同学喜欢闭着眼睛听或者把头低下来，伏在桌子上听，并认为这样注意力更集中，但往往容易走神，听的效率非常低。,消除听力练习过程中以下错误做法,2 多而不精对于已
47、经听过的材料，很多同学都很少再听，这是一个极其错误的观念。片面追求练习的量，并不能有效提高做听力题的悟性，必须用心去感受才能收到显著的成效。,消除听力练习过程中以下错误做法,3 不愿对着文字大声朗读很多同学认为听力就是听力，没有必要和口语联系起来。其实听力考的就是口头语言，口语提高了，听力也就自然而然上去了。同时，朗读可以培养正确的语音语调，可以加强我们对文章的领悟力。,消除听力练习过程中以下错误做法,4 训练时间安排不得当听力训练需要思想高度集中，故时间安排以每天精神最佳时候为宜。时间不宜过短或过长，过短，状态还没调整好；过长易产生疲劳，影响效率。每次连续听半小时到一小时即可，一天可两到三次
48、。另外，由于听力是一种习惯成自然的技巧训练，所以最好每天坚持，切忌三天打鱼、两天晒网。,四. 复合式听写及对策,一 听写中常犯十种错误 （1）介词：请注意介词in, on, at, of一般都 与前面的词连读 （2）冠词：请注意不要随便加冠词 （3）代词：it极易被漏掉；them容易被漏掉 （4）音异同形词和同音异形词对听音是有影响的，容易搞混,四. 复合式听写及对策,一 听写中常犯十种错误 （5）特殊的语音现象：连读、辅音失去爆破、元音弱读 （6）单词的大小写 （7）名词的单复数 （8）时态和语态 （9）单词的拼写 （10）随便空格,四. 复合式听写及对策,二 解题方法 （1）看与猜首先看文
49、章的首句。如：文章首句说“纸是人类所发明的最重要的产品之一”，可猜此文可能是说明文，告诉自己此文所需填的此一定要与纸有关。,四. 复合式听写及对策,二 解题方法 （2）看文章，确定听音重点处通读文章的同时，还要确定听音的重点处，即每个空格前后的词汇。 （3）确定每个空的语法性质特别要注意分析哪些空要填动词的分词形式，哪些空要填倒装句型，哪些空第一个字母要大写等,四. 复合式听写及对策,三 听与记 （1）录音一开始就不要再看原文，而要开始 边听边写 （2）一旦听到长词，就用缩写。建议缩写时最好用头四个字母。 四 跳跃记词法 （1）按1，3，5，7，9，11和2，4，6，8，10次序。这样可保证有时间将词或简写记完。 （2）所有数字都写成阿拉伯数字。,四. 复合式听写及对策,五 复合式听力百词测试(正确率80%),听写要点和方法,1原句照搬法复合式听写练习中，9-11三个空是对考生听力实力的真正挑战。其实对于四级考生来说，最保险的办法就是照搬原句，只要精力集中，思维锁定听到的两三句话，可以凭短期记忆把它们直接听写下来 。,
