苏教版新版牛津初中英语八年级上册Unit4第四单元教案.doc

1、海豚教育个性化简案学生姓名： 年级： 科目： 授课日期： 月 日 上课时间： 时 分 - 时 分 合计： 小时教学目标1. 单元重要词组、句型2. 祈使句、 should ,ought to 的用法3. had better 的用法重难点导航1. 祈使句、 should ,ought to 的用法2. had better 的用法教学简案：一：重要词组二：重要句型三：单元语法四：错题汇编五：个性化作业六：评估表审核人签字：学生签字：授课教师评价： 准时上课：无迟到和早退现象（今日学生课堂表 今天所学知识点全部掌握：教师任意抽查一知识点，学生能完全掌握现符合共 项） 上课态度认真：上课期间认真听

2、讲，无任何不配合老师的情况（大写） 海豚作业完成达标：全部按时按量完成所布置的作业，无少做漏做现象 教师签字：备注：请交至行政前台处登记、存档保留，隔日无效 （可另附教案内页） 大写：壹 贰 叁 肆 签章：海豚教育个性化教案（真题演练）真题演练:1. (2009安顺中考 ) “Sorry for being late again.”“_ here on time next time, or youll be punished.”A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been2. (2009淄博中考 ) -May I listen to the music here, Mr. W

3、hite?-Sorry, youd better it like that.A. not to do B. not do C. dont do D. not do to3. (2009哈尔滨中考) Boys and girls, _ up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp(夏令营). A. putting B. to put C. put4. (2008资阳中考 ) “_ exercise every day, my child. Its good for your health.” Father said.A. Ta

4、king B. To take C. Take D. Takes5. (2008嘉兴中考 ) Ssh! _ talk loudly. The baby is sleeping right now.A. Do B. Does C. Dont D. Doesnt 6. (2007重庆中考 ) _ sleep too late. Its bad for your health. A. Do B. Not C. Dont D. Please not海豚教育个性化教案（内页）8A unit 4 do it yourself一：单元重点短语1. No problem 没问题2. Read the inst

5、ructions 看说明3. had better 最好4. stand for 代表，象征5. look terrible 看起来很糟6. make a mistake 犯错误7. take a course 学习一门课程8. Attend a lesson 上课9. Instead of 而不是，代替10. repair the shelf 修理架子11. Ought to 应该12. give advice 给出建议13. for example 例如14. Some kinds of 一些种类的15. Make sure 确保，确信16. Stop doing sth 停止做某事17.

6、 A piece of bread 一块面包18. Decide to do sth 决定做某事19. During that time 在那期间20. Make a birthday card 做生日贺卡21. Fix ones broken chair 修理某人的坏椅子22. Decorate our house 装饰我们的房子23. Be crazy about 对。 。 。 。 。着迷24. Not only but also 不仅，而且25. Put a picture on the wall 将画贴在墙上26. Paint the walls blue 将墙刷成蓝色27. Fill

7、 with 用， 。 。 。填充28. On the other side of 在的另一方面29. Mix sth together 将某物混合在一起30. Make a fruit salad 做水果沙拉31. A birthday card with some roses on it 印有玫瑰花的生日贺卡32. Be not happy with 对不满意33. Paint the card pink 将卡片涂成粉红色34. Have fun doing sth 很高兴做某事35. Keep it secret 保密36. Start working sth 开始从事37. Keep d

8、oing sth 不停的做某事二：重要句型1. First, we should read the instructions. 首先，我们应该看说明（1）should 意思为应该。可用于各个人称。指现在或者过去表示责任或者义务。Eg： You shouldnt be so careless. （2） 可能的意思，表示推测Eg：They should arrive soon2. It says,” Do it yourself” 它上面写着“自己做”此处 say 意思为表示，写道，相当于 readMy watch says 8:30. 我的表是 8 点 30 分。3. But he made s

9、 mistake and there was no electricity in our house all day. 但是他犯了一个错误，我们的全天没有电。（1) make a mistake 犯错误扩展：by mistake 错误地I took your umbrella by mistake.(2) and no mistake 无疑地，的确Its raining outside and no mistake. All day (=the whole day)整天The old man read Greek and Latin all day long to kill time .那个老

10、人整天读希腊语和拉丁语来打发时间4. Another time ,my dad helped me put a picture on the wall in my bedroom, but he hit a pipe and filled my room with water. 还有一次，我爸爸帮我把图片挂在我的卧室墙上，但是他碰坏了水管，使我的房间里充满了水扩展： cant help doing sth 禁不住，情不自禁的Help sb with 在.方面帮助某人Help yourself to 请随便吃With the help of/ with ones help 在.帮助下Fill w

11、ith 把. 装满，充满Be filled with 被装满（充满）Fill in 填满，填充5. My dad spent five days putting the shelf on the wall. 我父亲花了五天时间在墙上装了一个架子。spend 的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构：(1) spend time money on sth. 在上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They sp

12、ent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买。例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。 cost 的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值” ， 常见用法如下：(1)sth. costs (sb.) 金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) 时间,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例：R

13、emembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。 注意：cost 的过去式及过去分词都是 cost,并且不能用于被动句。 take 后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：(1) It takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doing sth. takes sb. 时间, 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Repairing this car took hi

14、m the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。 pay 的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买。例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付 20 英磅的房租。(2) pay for sth. 付的钱。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3) pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例：Don t worry! Ill pay for you. 别担心， 我会给你付钱的。(4) pay sb.

15、 付钱给某人。例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。(5) pay money back 还钱。例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week. 你能借给我 12 块钱吗？下周还你。6.we quickly started working on it . 我们迅速开始制作它。Work on 从事于，继续工作。它的宾语只能位于介词 on 的后面。例：the boy is working on the problem.扩展：work out 算出，制定出，名词作宾语时名词可以至于副词 out

16、之前或者之后。代词做宾语时代词只能位于副词 out 之前。例：Every one of us worked out a plan of study.7. I kept spelling the word “birthday“ wrong. 我老是将 birthday 这个单词拼错。Keep doing 一直做某事例： She keeps smiling 扩展：keep on doing 不断地做Keep sb /sth doing 让某人或某物不停地做例： He kept us waiting for 20 minutes. 单元语法一 祈使句二 定义用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句

17、子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上 please，但如果在句尾加 please，那在 please 之前一定要加一个逗号“ ， ”。三、表现形式 肯定结构: 一：.Do 型(即:动词原形(+ 宾语)+ 其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。 1. 有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请

18、这边走。 2. 有的为了加强语气，在肯定式的谓语动词前面加 do如： Do come again, please.3. 为了表示委婉的语气，可以在句首或者句尾加上 please，但是 please 加在句尾，前面要用逗号隔开如： Please tell him to come on time=Tell him to come on time, please.4. 为了明确向对方提出请求或者发出命令，可加呼语，但是呼语要与句子隔开如： Put away your school things, Tom二：. Be 型( 即:Be + 表语 (名词或形容词)+ 其它成分)。如:Be a good b

19、oy! 要做一个好孩子! Be quite.安静 Be careful！小心！三：. Let 型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分) 。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 否定结构: 1. Do 型和 Be 型的否定式都是在句首加 dont 构成。 如:Dont forget me! 不要忘记我! Dont be late for school! 上学不要迟到! 2. Let 型的否定式有两种:“Dont + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:Dont let him go. / L

20、et him not go. 别让他走。 3. 有些可用 no 开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。4. 如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! 4祈使句的反意疑问句，否定句用 will you，肯定句用 will you 或者 wont you如：Have a rest,will you . Stand up,will (wont) you .注意： lets 开头的祈使句，后用 shall we， let us 开头的祈使句用 will you。Lets go，shall we？ Let us go，will you？二：should ought to had

21、better一：should ought to大体上两者的意思是相同的,通常可以互相转换。ought 是助动词，不是过去式。 二者区别： ought to 比 should 语气强 （1）should 表示主观看法，一些建议，劝说时，译作“应当” 。 ought to，直接接动词原形，更多反映客观情况， “有义务”或“必要”做某事，译为“应当，应该” （2）ought to 的否定就表示做某事一定是错误的 而 should 的否定就表示某动作不一定要做 3.should 可以用于虚拟语态, 而 ought to 不能 ught to 是唯一一个可加 to 的情态动词! ought to 比 s

22、hould 语气更强烈 ought to 的否定就表示做某事一定是错误的 而 should 的否定就表示某动作不一定要做 表示应该，责备时 区别不大 但是 should 可以在名词从句中表示虚拟如在 suggest,advise,等从句中 在 lest,for fear that, in case 等的状语从句中也只用 should 另外 should 有表示惊讶之意 ought to 与 should 意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是 should 谈的是自己的主观看法，ought to 则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。 如： We shouldought to h

23、elp each other and learn from each other in our work She is your mother, so you ought to support her We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I dont think we will ought to 具体用法如下： 1. (表示义务、责任等) 应当, 应该 You ought to work harder than that. 2. (表示劝告、建议等) 应该, 该 You dont look well. You ought to go to see

24、 the doctor. 3. (表示猜测、期望) 总应该，理应 It ought to be a fine day tomorrow morning. 4. “ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做 You ought to have told me that (but you didnt). 这时 ought to 和 should 可以互换使用。 二、ought to 的否定式和疑问式 1. ought to 的否定形式是 ought 后直接加 not 构成，其否定形式可缩写为 oughtnt。 One ought not (oughtnt) to cr

25、oss the street against the red light. 2. ought to 的疑问式是将 ought 提到句首构成。 Ought we to do it at once? Yes, you ought to. 在反意疑问句里，下面两种形式都可以： He ought to be here now, shouldnt (oughtnt) he? “必须 ,应该 , 应当“的意思， ought to 与 should 意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是should 谈的是自己的主观看法，ought to 则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。ought to

26、 具体用法如下： 1. (表示义务、责任等) 应当, 应该 You ought to work harder than that. 2. (表示劝告、建议等) 应该, 该 You dont look well. You ought to go to see the doctor. 3. (表示猜测、期望) 总应该，理应 It ought to be a fine day tomorrow morning. 4. “ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做 You ought to have told me that (but you didnt). 这时 oug

27、ht to 和 should 可以互换使用。 ought to 的否定式和疑问式 ought to 的否定形式是 ought 后直接加 not 构成，其否定形式可缩写为 oughtnt。 One ought not (oughtnt) to cross the street against the red light. 2. ought to 的疑问式是将 ought 提到句首构成。 Ought we to do it at once? Yes, you ought to. 在反意疑问句里，下面两种形式都可以： He ought to be here now, shouldnt (oughtn

28、t) he二： had better1. had better 的基本用法特点其意为“最好 ”、“应该”，后接动词原形，与情态动词 should 用法相似，其中的 had 通常缩略为 d。如：Youd better get some sleep你最好去睡一会儿。We had better go before it rains. 我们最好在下雨前就去。2. had better 如何构成否定式和疑问式构成否定式时，通常将 not 置于 had better 之后(而不是 had 之后)；而构成疑问式时，则通常将 had(而不是 had better)置于主语之前。如：Id better not

29、disturb him我最好别去打扰他。What had we better do? 我们最好怎么办? 【注】在否定疑问句或反意疑问句中可将 not 与 had 连用。如：Hadnt we better go now? 我们是不是现在就去呢? 3. 有关 had better 的几点用法说明(1) had better 用于提出建议或请求时，并不是一个很客气委婉的表达，它暗示对方有义务去做某事，因此通常用于长辈对晚辈或上级对下级等，而不宜反过来用。(2) had best 与 had better 用法和含义均差不多，但不如 had better 普通。如：You had best get h

30、ome before midnight你最好在午夜之前回到家里。We had best be going我们最好现在就走。(3) 有时可省略其中的 had。如：You better stop arguing你们最好不要争论了。Better not wait for him. 最好不要等他了。Better say yes, if they ask you. 如果他们问你，你最好说“是” 。练习：1、将以下祈使句改为否定式：1. Come here early. 2. Ask him. 3. Please wait for her. 4. Read the book carefully. 5. S

31、it under the tree, please. 6. Lets go there together. 二、选择最佳答案填空：1. If you are tired, _ a rest.A. have B. havingC. to have D. had2. _ me go. It is very important for me.A. Do let B. let doC. Doing let D. To do let3. He is not honest. _ believe him. A. Not B. DontC. To not D. Not to4. If you want to

32、stay, let me know, _?A. will you B. shall weC. do you D. do we5. Never come late again, _? A. will you B. wontC. do you D. does he6. _ up early tomorrow, or you cant catch the train.A. Getting B. GetC. To get D. Got7. _ in the street. Its dangerous.A. Not play B. Not to playC. Dont play D. Dont to p

33、lay8. Please _ me some money, will you?A. lend B. lendingC. to lend D. be lend9. The film is about to begin. Please _ seated. A. be B. areC. is D. being10. _ the boxes. You may use them later. A. Keep B. KeepingC. To keep D. Kept海豚教育错题汇编海豚教育个性化作业一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Its an important meeting. _ (not

34、, be )late.2. _ (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.3. _ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _ (be) polite.4. _ ( not, talk) and _ (read) aloud.5. _ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. _ (look) out! A car is coming.7. _ (give) us ten years and just see what our count

35、ry will be like.8. _ (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you _ (catch) a cold.10. Lets _ (not, say) anything about it.二. 选择填空( )1 .Her doctor said: “_ work so hard”A Stop B Dont C Cant D No( )2. Sindy, _ to be here at 8 oclockA is sure B is sure that C will be sure D be sure( )3._ when y

36、ou cross the road.A Do care B Care C Do be careful D To be careful( )4. _him the secret, will you?A Dont tell B Not to tell C Not telling D No telling( )5. _ in bed. Its bad for your eyes.A Not to read B Dont read C Dont to read D Not read( )6. _ Your child. Well look after him.A Not to worry about

37、B Dont worry aboutC Not worry for D Dont worry with( )7.They are very tired. Why _ have a rest?A not they B do not they C dont they D not to( )8 -You look rather tired. _ stopping to have a rest?- All right.A Why not B How about C Why not to Dwhy dont( ) 9 _ tell a lie.A Hardly B Not C No D Never (

38、)10.Please _ look outside. Look at the blackboard.A not B dont C arent D cant( )11. Why dont you join us in the game?A What not B Why not C Why to D How to( ) 12 _ go for the book alone, Ms Zhang.A Lets B Let me C Letus D Allow( )13 John, read the text for us,_?A does he B will he C do you D will you( )14. Lets do it at once, _ ?A shall we B will you C do we D do you( )15. Let us do it at once, _ ?A shall we B will you C do we D do you