1、Explore the Chinese Culture,Let s learn together !,Spring Festival,The Spring Festival falls on the 1st day of the 1st lunar month, often one month later than the Gregorian calendar. It originated in the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC-c. 1100 BC) from the peoples sacrifice to gods and ancestors at the en
2、d of an old year and the beginning of a new one.Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every year in the early days of the 12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Of them, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days. The Chine
3、se government now stipulates people have seven days off for the Chinese Lunar New Year.Many customs accompany the Spring Festival. Some are still followed today, but others have weakened.,Spring Festival,Before the New Year comes, the people completely clean the indoors and outdoors of their homes a
4、s well as their clothes, bedclothes and all their utensils.Then people begin decorating their clean rooms featuring an atmosphere of rejoicing and festivity. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets, highlighting Chinese calligraphy with black characters on red paper. The con
5、tent varies from house owners wishes for a bright future to good luck for the New Year. Also, pictures of the god of doors and wealth will be posted on front doors to ward off evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance.,The Chinese character “fu“ (meaning blessing or happiness) is a must. The char
6、acter put on paper can be pasted normally or upside down, for in Chinese the “reversed fu“ is homophonic with “fu comes“, both being pronounced as “fudaole.“ Whats more, two big red lanterns can be raised on both sides of the front door. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass and brightly co
7、lored New Year paintings with auspicious meanings may be put on the wall.,中国传统节日传统节日起源西方传统节日传统节日起源,The ways of taking care of children are different,In the US,children are more independentThey know what to be at an early ageAnd plan carefully to achieve the goals,In China,Parents usually prepare eve
8、rything for usWhat we should dois to accept without any doubtWhich means respect,The Leading Figures,Confucius,Lao Zi,Shakyamuni,Confucianism,Taoism,Buddhism,Confucianism,Confucius,Confucianism (儒家; pinyin: Rji) is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of Confucius
9、(Kng Fz, lit. “Master Kong“, 551478 BC). It is a complex system of moral, social, political, philosophical, and quasi-religious thought that has had tremendous influence on the culture and history of East Asia.,Teachings of Confucianism,The basic clou of Confucianism stresses the importance of the i
10、ndividual moral development, so that the state can be governed by moral virtue rather than by the laws. Golden mean (philosophy): the felicitous middle between the extremes of excess and deficiency “ Rid the two ends, take the middle one.” Relationships are central to Confucianism. Particular duties
11、 arise from ones special situation in relation to others.,Ren 仁 (benevolence, love) & Li 礼 (rites)-respect for the system of social hierarchy.,Taoism,Lao Zi,Laozi (老子; pinyin: Loz;) was a philosopher of China around 6th century B.C. and is a central figure in Taoism. Laozi literally means “Old Maste
12、r“ and is generally considered an honorific. Taoism is the Chinese religion which believes in ghosts and spirits. It emphasized cooperation with the natural forces.,Teachings of Taoism,Wu wei (无为; pinyin: wwi) is a central concept in Taoism. The literal meaning of wu wei is “without action“. It is o
13、ften expressed by the paradox wei wu wei, meaning “action without action“ or “effortless doing“.,剪纸,Paper cutting,Paper cutting is one of Chinese most popular traditional folk arts.,The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red ,which symbolizes health and prosperity,Christmas,trees,Christm
14、as tree,On the Christmas tree decorations and gifts, a symbol of auspiciousness,The Christmas tree is a part of the Christmas celebration,The Palace Museum,It reflects Feudal ritual, reflects a king of supreme authority.,Foreign construction embodies the feature of religion,Different Time conscious
15、between Chinese and western country,.,Different Culture,Different Time conscious,Lead to,In China Most people are used to arriving late for 1 to10 minutes. People are used to doing several things during a time.In western country Most people are used to arriving punctually. People are used to doing o
16、ne thing at a time.,This picture can reveal their different attitudes to time.,western country China,For the people in Western country , time is the money. These are some saying about time. Time and tide wait for no man.时不待人 Dont trifle away your time.(莫虚度光阴) Time flies.(光阴似箭) Money lost , little lo
17、st; time lost, everything lost.(失去金钱,损失很少;失去时间,失去一切。),Different Saying Different Culture,Addressing,一位美国教授来华任教，她主动让学生称呼她的名字Mary，声明不必以她的姓氏与头衔相称，如：Dr. Smith或Prof. Smith。不久，她和学生已相处很好，上门找她的学生络绎不绝，使她应接不暇，倍受侵扰。有的学生见面时，与她开玩笑说：“中国菜好吃吧？瞧你胖了不少呢！”在路上，一些陌生人也对她大大咧咧地喊声“Hello, Mary。”她渐渐地苦恼起来。,文化差异：在美国，教授对学生，老板对雇员，
18、甚至长辈对晚辈,常常主动要求以名相称，以示关系随和。但这是在他/她本人允许的前提下，而且是表面形式而已。如果素昧平生，毫无往来，或只是初打交道，冒然称呼对方的名字，会给人“冒失鬼”、“粗鲁汉”的印象。另外，对方平等待人、不拘身份，不等于可以让人肆无忌惮，无拘无束，没大没小。相处时，嘴巴上以名相称，心中仍应记住对方的身份。,在一些庄重场合，例如：老师和校长在一起时，学生对老师不能象往常那样直呼其名，必须以“某某教授”或“某博士”相称。英美人即使当关系变得很熟悉时，仍然不会亲密“无间”。他们对各自的隐私领地会保持距离。隐私包括私人时间、住所、物品、年龄、体重、长相等等。在上面的例子中，中国学生犯了
19、三个忌：随处叫名、随时上门、随便评论体重。所以美国老师很不习惯。 特别忠告：称呼和上门要得到对方允许，交谈不要论及对方隐私,In China, the surname comes first and then the given name. While westerners names are written and spoken with the given name first and the family name last.,In a formal setting, westerners address men as “Mister“ (Mr), married women as “M
20、isses“ (“Mrs.“), and unmarried women as “Miss“ ( “Ms.“). These days many women prefer to be addressed using the abbreviations “Ms.“ , pronounced “miz“.In an informal situation, westerners will introduce each other by first name, without titles, and occasionallyby just the last name.,East&West,Chines
21、e use “title +surname” to address their superior or elders rather than call them surnames, while the superior or elders call the addressers their names. otherwise, the addresser may be considered as ill mannered, ill educated or rude.,In west, Although they are different in age and status, they can
22、call the other directly, namely, their names, even first names .They demonstrate the sense of intimacy and the conception of” Everyone is created equal”,Differences in Education Between China and America,If Chinas children get a bad report card, he will receive pressure from all side . In the United
23、 States,however,each students report card is private goods，and parents do not give the child too much pressure. Score in the hearts of adults is much less important than ability . The majority of Chinese students is aimed at “high.” 对中国孩子来说,一份不好的成绩单会使他收到来自各方压力.然而在美国,每个学生年终的成绩单都是私人的物品.家长方面也不会给孩子施加过多的
24、压力.分数在大人心中比能力要差得远.而中国大部分学生的目的是高分,Attitude towards different results,The primary goal of teaching,How To React If Children Are Wrong ?,By Telling them stories and playing with them To let them learn right from wrong?Or Yelling at them and using physical punishment?Americans choose the former Chinese
25、choose the latter,Sitting straightlyListening quietlyTaking notes quickly, Talking freely . Think lively Discuss enthusiastically,When were buried in the ocean of paper to pass the collage entrance exam,Theyre enjoying themselves on the way to success .,Summary,Favorable impact(有利影响）,Role in promoti
26、ng（促进作用）,2. Reference（借鉴作用）,Role in promoting（促进作用）,It can promote a better understanding of the center of our cultural differences, for better communication.,Reference（借鉴作用）,We can learn valuable part of their culture, such as education, we can learn from them the kind of relaxed, open learning atm
27、osphere.,Some related movies,一些相关电影,喜福会,喜宴,撞车,老爷车,The negative influence of culture conflict,The definition of cultural conflict,It is a state状态 that two or more kinds of cultures in contact with each other after competition竞争 and confrontation 对抗arising from. It is an inevitable phenomenon 不可 避免的状态
28、of a culture that in the inevitable process of evolving在不断发展过程,The negative influence,PoliticEconomicCulture,International status 国际地位Soft powerInternational competition国际竞争 International relations国际关系highlight the cultural charm of the family whose real name彰显本名族的文化魅力,Corporate cultural differences企业文化差异Respect the differencesCommunicate with each others,48,Two extreme极端 attitudes,Totally acceptTotally reject,thanks,thank you,
