1、-Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 语言功能：谈论过去的事件 重点词汇：try, wonder, dislike, wonderful, bored, were，was, stayed，visited，arrived, went, bought, ate, saw, felt，walk ，discuss ，expensive，cheap, interesting, boring, exciting, terrible, friendly, special, delicious, rainy，sunny, hot, wet, go on vacation,
2、 stay at home，decide to do sth. quite a few.重点短语：quite a few 相当多，不少 stay at home 呆在家of course 当然 go shopping 去购物feel like 给的感觉，感受到 seem to be 好像because of 因为 decide to do sth.决定做某事go on vacation 去度假 ride bicycles 骑自行车go to summer camp 去夏令营 enough money 足够的钱study for tests 为考试学习 the top of the hill 山
3、顶重点句型：Where did you go on vacation? We went to New York. Did you go to Central Park? Yes，I did. How was the weather? It was sunny. 语言结构：一般过去时：肯定句：谓语动词用过去式 否定句：助动词 did not+动词原形（did not 可缩写为 didnt）疑问句：助动词 did+主语+ 动词原形语法1. 不定代词，不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，常用不定代词有：something 某事， somebody 某人， someone 某人， anything/
4、某事，任何事， anybody 某人/ 任何人， anyone 某人/任何人， nothing 没有东西， nobody 没有人， no one 没有人， everything 每一件事， everybody 每人， everyone 每人。all 所有的，each 每个，both 两者都，much 许多，many 许多， （a）little 少许， （a）few 很少得，other（s）其他的（其他人） ，another 另一个，none 没有，one 一，either 两者中的一个， neither 两者都不。someone, anyone, no one, everyone, somet
5、hing, nothing 等复合不定代词作主语，谓语用单数；either, neither, each, little, much 等不定代词作主语时，谓语也用单数。如：Nothing is yet certain. 一切都还没有肯定。Neither was satisfactory. 两者都不使人满意。No one goes to the school during the vacation. 假期时没人到学校去。一般来讲，修饰不定代词的词要放在不定代词之后。There is nothing wrong with the radio.Do you have anything to say?
6、 Id like something to eat.Eg. Have you bought _for Lindas birthday?-Not exactly. Just some flowers.A. something unusual B. anything unusual C. unusual something D. unusual anything-巩固练习Im so thirsty. Shall we get_to drink?I dont think_knows her new address.Theres _in the new cupboard. Its empty now.
7、_is too difficult if you put your heart into it.I think you can find him _in the school.Could you tell_different between the two pictures?Please help yourself to_soup.something ,anyone, nothing, Nothing ,nowhere somewhere anything, some一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。常和表示过去
8、的时间状语连用，如：yesterday，last night，in 1990，two days ago 。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和 often，always 等表示频率的时间状语连用。基本结构：主语+动词过去式+ 其他；否定形式： was/were+not; 在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词；一般疑问句：Did+主语+ 动词原形 +其他1 Be 动词的一般过去时态.在没有实义动词的句子中使用 be 动词， am, is 的过去式为 was; are 的过去式为 were.构成：肯定句：主语+was (were) +表语. 如：I was late yester
9、day. （昨天我迟到了。 ）否定句：主语+was (were) +not+表语，如：We werent late yesterday. （我们昨天没有迟到）疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+ 表语，如：Were you a student? 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+ 表语Why was he late for school last Monday？ 上星期一他为什么迟到？2实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词 did.否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+宾语疑问句：Did +主语+ 动词原形 +宾语I did my h
10、omework yesterday.I didnt do my homework yesterday.(否定句)Did you do your homework yesterday？Yes, I did. /No, I didnt.(一般疑问句)3情态动词的一般过去时：肯定句式：主语 + 情态动词 + 其它否定句式：主语 + 情态动词 + not + 其它. 一般疑问句：情态动词 + 主语 + 其它？ -注：情态动词的过去式：cancould , maymight , mustmust ，will-would，should-should。 特殊疑问句式： 特殊疑问词+情态助动词过去式+主语+
11、动词原形+其他What could she do twenty years ago？ 20 年前她能做什么？ 例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1 Mr. Mott is out. But he _ here a few minutes ago.A. was B. is C. will be D. would be2-Hi, Tom.-Hello, Fancy. I _ you were here.A. dont know B. wont think C. think D. didnt know动词过去式的变化规则1一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加 ed，如：work worked lookloo
12、ked2以不发音 e 结尾的单词，直接加 d：live lived hope hoped useused3以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变 y 为 i 加 ed：study studied carrycarried worryworried4以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed：stop stopped planplanned重读闭音节体现形式为辅-元-辅结构，5不规则变化的动词过去式：have-had 有 are-were 是 get-got 得到 say-said 说 feel-felt 感觉 do/does-did 做 is-was 是 go-went 去 drinkdrank 喝 e
13、atate 吃 bring-brought 带来 think-thought 想,认为 buy-bought 买 catchcaught 抓住 teachtaught 教 sit-sat 坐 wear-wore 穿 cut-cut 切割 sweep-swept 打扫 sleepslept 睡觉 become-became 成为一般过去时练习题，.请用正确动词形式填空1. He (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat (eat) a bird last night.3. We (have) a party last Halloween. 4. Nancy
14、(pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls (dance) at the party last night.9. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday last week. 10. _ you _ (visit
15、) your relatives last Spring Festival? 按要求变换句型。 1. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）_ Frank _ an interesting book about history?-2. He cleaned his room just now （划线提问） What_ he _ just now?3. Thomas spent $10 on this book. （否定句）Thomas _ _ $10 on this book. 4. My family went to the
16、 beach last week. （划线提问） _ _ _ family _ last week? Go on vacation,去度假；on vacation, 在度假（表状态）summer vacation 暑假 winter vacation 寒假Haikou is a beautiful city. Let s _ _ _ there.My parents are _ _ in Hawaii.some 一些，某些，某个， any 一些，任何some 和 any 既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词 ，some 常用在肯定句中，而 any则常用在否定和疑问句中。因此 some 和 a
17、ny 的用法主要是考虑用在肯定句、疑问句还是否定句中A：Are there any apples in the fridge?B: Yes, there are some./ No, there arent any.A: Is there any water in the bottle?B: Yes, there is some water./ No, there isnt any water.Eg. He asked me for _paper, but I didnt have _.A. some; some B. any; some C. some; any D. any; any但在表
18、示建议，反问，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用 some 而不用 any。如：Would you like some coffee? 你要不要来点咖啡? Many, much, a lot of 许多much 只能修饰不可数名词 many 只能修饰可数名词复数 A lot of =lots of 接可数名词时谓语用复数，接不可数名词时，谓语用单数。 a lot 是副词性短语，修饰动词。比如：Thanks a lot.= Thanks very much. 再比如：I know him a lot。 Few 和 a few, little 和 a little. few, a few
19、是修饰可数名词复数的, little, a little 是修饰不可数名词的。a few, a little 意思是有一些，表肯定意味，few, little，意思是很少，几乎没有表否定意味。He has _ friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。 There are _ eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。There is _ ink in my bottle, can you give me _ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？-Decide 决定，下决心decide to do sth. 决定做某事,
20、 相当于 make up ones mind to do sth. decide 的名词形式为 decision. decide to do sth 的否定形式是 decided not to do sth. decide+名词： I cant decide the date of the meeting.我决定不了这次会议的日期。decide to do sth： He decides to go to Hong Kang on vacation.他决定去香港度假。decide+疑问词+to do： They cant decide whom to invite.他们不能决定该邀请谁。dec
21、ide+宾语从句： We decided that we would not go to the party tonight.Eg. Goldilocks decided to _for a walk in the forest.A. go B. to go C. going D. goestry,尝试，努力，试图try to do sth. 尽力做某事; try not to do sth. 尽力不去做某事try doing sth. 试着做某事；try on 试穿(接名词时，名词放在 on 前后都可以，接代词时，代词须放在 try 和 on 之间。She is trying to draw
22、 a horse.她正努力画一匹马。You should try taking more exercise.你应该试着多运动 .Ill try y best to help you.我会尽力帮助你。This skirt is very nice. Would you like to try it on? 这条裙子很漂亮，你想试一下吗？What a difference a day makes! 多么不同的一天啊！由 what 引导的感叹句， What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+ 主语+谓语！What a beautiful girl she is! 她是一个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！What imp
23、ortant jobs they have done!Eg. _wonderful concert they are putting on in the city square!A. How B. What C. What a D. What an Enough，足够的修饰名词时， enough 放前 , 如 enough money ,enough time修饰形容词或副词时，enough 放后面，如 good enough, happy enough,well enoughEg.I dont know him _to ask him for help.A. good enough B. e
24、nough good C. enough well D. well enoughDid everyone have a good time?大家都玩得很开心吗？have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得开心 （+ doing）eg: We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall. = We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great Wall.= We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.I really enjoyed w
25、alking around the town. 我真的很喜欢在镇上到处走走。 （P5 ）enjoy 及物动词，意为“喜爱；欣赏；享受的乐趣”，其后接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。a. Do you enjoy your job? 你喜欢你的工作吗？ b. I enjoy reading books. 我喜欢读书。(enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事) 拓展： enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun 玩得开心 （+ doing sth.） -Bored 无聊的，无趣的, 常用来形容人，boring 形容物。bored 用于形容人，一般用作表语。如
26、 I am bored.boring 用于形容物，意思是令人厌烦的，乏味的。如 it is a boring day! 类似用法的词还有：interested 对感兴趣，修饰人,interesting 有趣的，修饰物; excited 感到兴奋的，激动的”, 一般修饰某人 . exciting“令人兴奋的，使人激动的”,一般修饰某物,; surprised 感到惊讶的，一般修饰人, surprising 令人惊讶的，一般修饰物。I am interested in English. 我对英语感兴趣。This book is very interesting.这本书很有趣。Feel like 感
27、觉像，给人的感觉像是 .，摸起来像1. 后接名词 Do you feel like a rest? 你想休息一下吗?The material feels like velvet. 这料子摸起来像丝绒。2. 后接代词 Well go for a walk if you feel like it. 你愿意的话，咱们就去散散步。3.后接动名词 I feel like catching a cold. 我像是感冒了。4.后接句子 I feel like I want to cry. 我觉得我想哭。Wait,等待wait for ,等待，如 Ill wait for you. 我会等你的.cant wa
28、it,等不及，如 We cant wait to get started. 我们迫不及待地想要开始了。Wait a minute, wait a moment. 等一会儿；稍等一下I want to talk to you, but it can wait. 我想和你谈谈，但可以等会儿再说。Because 和 because of 因为because 是连词，其后接原因状语从句或回答以 why 开头的问句； 而 because of 是复合介词，其后接名词、代词或 动名词，不能接句子。 如 (1)_he is ill, he is absent today. (2)He is not at s
29、chool_his illness. (3)He cant come_the heavy rain. (4)We like physics_we can learn a lot of ideas. 感官动词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 可当系动词，后接形容词，形成系表结构。He looks angry. 他看起来很生气。His explanation sounds reasonable. 他的解释听起来 合理。The cakes smell nice.这个蛋糕闻起来很香。The dishes taste delicious. 这些菜尝起来很美味。The si
30、lk feels smooth.这个丝绸 摸起来很光滑。seem 可用作连系动词或不及物动词，意为“ 似乎；好像” ，其常见用法现归纳如下：一、 “主语+ seem +（to be ）+ 表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。例如：Tom seems （to be ） a very clever boy. 汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。The man over there seems to be a new teacher. 那边的那个人看上去像一个新老师。Mr Black seemed to be quite happy. 布莱克先生好像十分快乐。-二
31、、 “主语+ seem + 不定式”，此句型中的 seem 与不定式一起构成复合谓语。例如：Mrs Green doesnt seem （或 seems not ） to like the idea. 格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢。The young man seemed to have changed much. 这个年轻人看起来变化很大。三、 “It seems + that 从句” ，其中 it 是形式主语，that 引导主语从句。例如：It se
32、ems that no one knows what has happened in the park. 似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。It seems to me that Mr Brown will not come again. 在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。四、 “There + seem to be +名词”，其中 to be 可省略。seem 的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。例如：There doesnt seem to be much hope of our beating that team. 看来我们战胜那个队没有多大希望。There seems no need to wait longer. 看来没有再等的必要了。
