1、第 0 页名词的单复数，可数与不可数名词，名词的所有格知识点1. 名词的单复数名词：表示人或事物的名称或抽象概念的词。可数名词与不可数名词.单数可数名词 前面可加 a,an 来修饰： a bag 一个包可数名词：可以计数的名词 名词 复数可数名词不可数名词：不可计数的名词 没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词 a, an,也不能直接加数词.但可以跟某些量词短语搭配,表示数量,如: a glass of water, two cups of tea.A.可数名词1. 单数可数名词，表示“一”的概念，指单个的可数物体。要用名词的单数形式，表示名词的单数，要在名词前加冠词 a 或 an。 （an 用于元
2、音开头的单词） eg：a book/ tree an apple/ egg2.复数名词：指两个或以上的可数物体。名词复数的规则变化。 在一般情况下，词尾后加-s。 books，cups，beds ， boys，horses. 以 s，x，sh，ch 结尾的词，词尾加-es ，读|iz| buses，boxes，dishes 碟子，watches 以 f 或 fe 结尾的词，先将 f 或 fe 变成 v，再加-es ，读 |vz| halfhalves，knifeknives 小刀 wife wives 以 o 结尾的词 tomatoes，potatoeszoos，radios，vediosph
3、oto-photos; piano-pianos 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词，先将 y 改为 i 再加-es。 cities，families，babies3 名词复数的不规则变化。manmen，toothteeth 牙齿，child children，sheepsheep 绵羊，deer-deer 小鹿foot-feet 脚 Chinese Chinese Japanese Japanese4 有些名词只有复数形式 clothes，trousers 裤子，glasses，socks , shorts , pants , shoes 通常是以复数的形式出现。 *另外，当我要表达一双袜子，一条裤
4、子等时，要说成 a pair of socks a pair of shorts 5.一些代词和其他词复数的不规则变化。 I - we you you he, she, it - they me-us him/her/it-them this - these that those my our her, his, its their am/ is are a/ an some6. 句子单数变复数，注意以下六要素：主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词，即 Iwe，youyou，she，he，it they。如：She is a girl. They are girls. am，is 要变为
5、are。如：Im a student. We are students.不定冠词 a，an 要去掉。如：He is a boy. They are boys.普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple. They are apples.指示代词 this，that 要变为 these，those。如：This is a box. These are boxes.man，woman 名词作定语修饰可数名词时，要在“ 数”上与被修饰名词保持一致。但其他名词修饰名词表示 “性质”时，不作变化。She is a woman doctor. They are women doctors
6、.That is a pencil case. Those are pencil cases.B.不可数名词1. 没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词 a, an,也不能直接加数词.但可以跟某些量词短语搭配,表示数量,如: a glass of water 一杯水 （不能说 a water） a cup of tea.一杯茶 a piece of paper 一张纸 a piece of bread一片面包 A bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶 2. 不可数名词跟量词搭配时，变复数只变量词： two glasses of water many cups of tea twenty piece
7、s of paper注：可数名词也可以和量词搭配,of 后的可数名词要用复数形式： a box of apples 一箱苹果 a pair of shoes 一双鞋第 1 页当量词的数量超过一时，也变复数： Six boxes of apples 8 pairs of shoes专项练习一 一.用所给单词的适当形式填空： 1.Its not _ alarm clock. (a) 2. Let _ play tennis. (I) 3. Where _ Toms parents?(be) 4. Many _.(sheep) 5. I see your _. They are fine.(gran
8、dparent) 6. Your _ are my pen _.(朋友) 7. His _ are very cute.(女儿) 8. The two _ are good. (家庭) 9. _ answers are right.(they) 10. Her sister and his brother arent my _ (表兄妹) 11. I have two_ (knife) 12. There are many _ here. (box) 13. There are many _ on the road. (bus)14. A few _ are drawing on the wa
9、ll. (boy) 15. The _ are playing football now. (child)二、写出下列名词的复数形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep 三、选择填空1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful. A.
10、 are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos2. This kind of car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has3. There are four and two in the group.A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans4. Thats art book. A. an B. a C. the D are5. The boys have got al
11、ready. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of breads6. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples7. There some in the river. A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish8. There two in the box. A. is w
12、atch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches9. We should clean twice a day. A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth10.The _ meeting room is near the reading room. A.teacher B.teachers C.teachers D.teachers11. In Britain _ are all painted red. A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.le
13、tters box四单数句变复数句，复数句变单数句1It is a bus._2This is my sister._3He is his friend ._4That is her dictionary._5Those are boxes._6They are teachers._7These are desks ._8We are boys. _9.I have a tooth, foot and hand._知识点2. 冠词与名词的搭配（略）知识点3. 名词的所有格名词所有格形式：表示有生命的名词与后面名词的所有关系。分为：(1)名词s 所有格见下表：名词s 所有格单数名词后直接加 s
14、Jims coat 吉姆的外套 Jeffs mother 杰夫的妈妈第 2 页of 所有格：动物和无生命的名词所有格一般使用介词 of 短语来表示。如：the name of her cat 她的猫的名字 a picture of our school 一张我们学校的照片有时有生命的东西也可用 of 所有格，可与名词s 所有格替换。如：the name of the boy=the boys name 这个男孩的名字专项练习三1. _(李明的父母 )work in a big hospital.2. This is _(我妹妹的语文书)3. _(我的姐姐和弟弟的卧室) are very nic
15、e.4. _(王平和王明的父亲) is a hotel manager.5. Is this _(你的好朋友的钢笔) ?6. They are _(Peter 和 Sam 的老师).7. _(教师节 ) is on September 10th .8. _(学生们的桌椅) are very new.11. Please open _(教室的门).12. _(赵敏的鞋 ) are white.14. _(John 和 Sally 的母亲) are American.15. _(刘伟的妻子的朋友) is from Guangzhou.16. _(Tony 哥哥的电脑) is broken.17.
16、Its _(妇女节) on March 8th.18. Are these _(男生们的书包) ?20. _(我父亲的和她父亲的朋友) are from Beijing.21._ shirt is white. A. My brother B. My brothers C. My brothers D. My brothers22. Today is September 10th. It is _ Day. A. Teachers B. Teachers C. the Teachers D. Teachers23. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. A.
17、Teacher B. Teachers C. Teachers D. Teacher 24. Its June 1st, its _ Day. A. Childrens B. Childrens C. Childrens D. Childrenss 25. This year, _ is on May 9th. A.My mothers birthday B. My mothers birthday C. My mothers birthday D. My motherss birthday 26. This is _ . A. Mike and Jims bike B. Mikes and
18、Jim bike C. Mikes and Jims bike D.Mike and Jim bike 巩固练习一按要求写出相应的词1this （反义词） _ 2these （反义词）_3it（复数形式）_ 4that（复数形式）_5photo（复数形式）_6 picture（复数形式）_7cousin（复数形式）_ 8friend（复数形式）_ 9son（对应词）_ 10sister（对应词）_以 s 结尾的复数名词，只加 TeachersDay 教师节 the twins books 双胞胎的书不以 s 结尾的不规则的名词复数，加 sWomens Day 妇女节 Childrens Day
19、 儿童节 mens shoes 男式鞋表示两者共同拥有时，只在最后一个名词后加s表示两者各自拥有时，要在每个名词后加sLucy and Lilys mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈（一个妈妈）Lucys and Kates rooms 露茜和凯特的房间（各自的房间，不是同一个）第 3 页二、将下面的词变成复数1.this friend _2. brother _3.grandparent _4.this is _5.that key _ 6. . this boy _ 7. that girl _8 . sister_三.选择填空1. My_ is a teacher. A. parents B
20、. grandparents C. parent D. fathers2. This is my good _. A. friends B. friend C. sisters D. brothers3. My _ are all teachers. A. friend B. sister C. grandparents D. mother 4. The red T- shirt is eight _ . A. dollar B. pound C. dollars D. cent5. - Where _ your new pants? - _ on the bed. A. is, Its B.
21、 are, Theyre C. is, Theyre D. are, Its6. These shirts _ only 5 dollars. Do you want _? A. are, it B. is, them C. are, them D. is, it 7.How much _ these carrots? A. are B. is C. do D. does8.Three_ are eating grassA sheep B sheeps 9Water_ a kind of matterA is B are10Her clothes_ nearly worn outA is B.
22、are 11There_no water in the glassA.are B.is12.I want to buy 买_. A. kilo （公斤）of meat B. a kilo of meats C. two kilos of meats D. two kilos of meat13.There is lots of _ in the cup. . A. milks B. waters C .meats D.orange四按要求改写句子，每空一词：1.That is her sister.(变为复数句)_ _her_.2.These are my friends.(变为单数句)_ _
23、my_.3指出并改正句中的一处错误。How much is the socks? _ How much are that pants? _ These shoes are twenty-three dollar. _五、用括号内词的适当形式填空：1There are two_ over there（watch） 2I like taking _（photo ）3l can see a _and two _ standing there（man，woman）4There are two baskets of_ on the floor（apple） 6Look at those_（child）7This is a_ Those are three_（knife ）8He doesnt like these_（glass） 9Thirty _live in this building（family）六、翻译1 每天早上他吃鸡蛋、面包和蔬菜。2.一个鸡蛋和两杯牛奶 3.一条短裤 4. 36 双鞋子 5. 8 个班6. 我的爸爸是一个老师，Lucy 的妈妈是我爸爸的朋友。7. 杯子里有许多牛奶。
