1、Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors,More than 3 million years ago, our ancestors(祖先) were already on the march, rising on two legs to search for food, seek greener lands and, above all, to grow in body and brain. Lets meet some of them：,Australopithecus afarensisThey had apelike faces and their brains wer
2、e a third the size of modern humans brains. They lived 33.9 million years ago. Fossils(化石) were found in Ethiopia in 1974.Paranthropus boiseiCovered with fur, they had strong arms and gorillalike faces. They lived 12.5 million years ago. Fossils were found in Tanzania(坦桑尼亚) in 1959.Homo habilisHomo
3、habilis, which actually means “ handy man”， was the first species to make and use primitive stone tools. They lived 1.62.2 million years ago. Fossils were found in,Tanzania in 1960.Homo erectusWith skeletons very similar to those of modern humans, they were probably the first to use fire. They lived
4、 30，0001.8 million years ago. Fossils have been found in Africa and Asia since 1893.Homo heidelbergensisThey were skilled hunters who used spears to kill animals.Their bodies were similar to ours, although more muscular and larger boned. They lived 200，000500，000 years ago. Fossils have been found i
5、n Ethiopia, Germany, France and Spain since 1921.,Homo NeanderthalTheir brains were at least as large as the average modern humans, while their smaller bodies helped them deal with cold climates. They lived 30，000230，000 years ago. Fossils have been found in France and Iraq since 1856.,.阅读短文，判断正(T)误
6、(F) 1Handy mans fossils were found in Tanzania in 1960. ( ) 2Homo Neanderthal lived earliest on the earth.( ) 3The early men learned to walk on two feet more than 3 million years ago. ( ) 4. The brain of Homo Neanderthal is about 3 times the size of Australopithecus afarensis. ( ) 答案 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T
7、,.佳句仿写 1这条街是那条街的四倍长。This street is_ _ _ _ _that one. 2布朗小姐是下一个起来发言的人。Miss Brown was_ _ _ _ _to speak. 3运动周期类似于前面的研究。The exercise period_ _ _the previous study. 答案 1.four times the length of 2.the next person to rise 3was similar to,.单词识记 1_v. to stop someone from continuing what they are saying or d
8、oing suddenly 2_adj. dirty or untidy 3_n. the quality of being correct or true 4_v. to think that something is true, although you do not have definite proof,Period 1 Warming Up,Pre-reading & Reading,5_adv. without being affected or influenced by something 6_n. something you can choose to do or use i
9、nstead of something else 7_v. to remove something that has been written down or stored in a computer 8_adj. more than enough 9_v. to make something have a sharper edge or point 10_adv. in some way, or by some means, although you do not know how,答案 1.interrupt 2.messy 3.accuracy 4.assume 5regardless
10、6.alternative 7.delete 8.ample 9.sharpen 10.somehow,.短语天地 1_不管；不顾 2_至多；最多 3_切碎；伤心 4_遭受，患病 5make fire_ 6come to a conclusion_ 7keep out_ 8care about_ 答案 1.regardless of 2.at most 3.cut up 4.suffer from 5.生火 6.得出结论 7.挡住，不让进来 8.在乎，在意,England, who are interested in archaeology. 信息提取 It is a great pleasu
11、re to do sth很高兴做某事，属于“Itben. /adj.(for sb) to do sth”句型。 例句仿写 一个人一辈子做好事是不容易的。 _ _ _ _for a person_ _good things all his/her life.,. 句型搜索 1It is a great pleasure to meet you students from,信息提取 be aware that意识到，察觉到。 例句仿写 我们应该意识到，没有任何东西比健康更重要，健康是成功的基础。 We_ _ _ _nothing is more valuable than health, whi
12、ch is the foundation of ones success.,2You must be aware that its here that we found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world.,信息提取 must have done是对过去所发生事情的肯定推测。意思是“肯定已经；一定已经”。 例句仿写 房间空了，他们肯定已经离开了。 The room is empty.They_ _ _,3They couldnt have mats, blankets or qu
13、ilts like we do. It must have been very uncomfortable.,信息提取 Thats why.这是的原因。why引导了一个表语从句。 例句仿写 那就是为什么电在工业上得到这样广泛应用的原因。 _ _ _electricity finds such a wide application in industry. 答案 1.It is not easy；to do 2.should be aware that 3must have left 4.That is why,4Thats why they are called hunters and gat
14、herers.,.预读理解 1Fast Reading: Scan the text and choose the best answers according to the text. (1)What did they find in the caves?AOnly human bones and fires.BJust animal bones.CModern tools and ornaments.DBones, tools and ornaments, as well as fireplaces.,AKeeping warm. BCooking food. CFrightening t
15、he animals. DMaking iron.Awere able to do the same things as tigers or bears Bwere cleverer than tigers or bears Cwere trained how to use needles Dcould make clothes like we have today,(2)Which of the following about fire is NOT right?,(3)From the needle, we can infer the earliest people in Zhoukoud
16、ian_,Athe sea was not far away at that time Bthey ran to the sea for the shells Cthe shells could be sold and bought Dthey could make necklaces by machines,(4)From“but others are made of shells”， we cant infer that_,(5)Which of the following is TRUE? AThis passage is an explanation about the earlies
17、t people. BThis passage shows that the students are being shown around the cave. CThis passage is a part of an interview at the TV station. DThis passage tells us the earliest people would not be our ancestors. 答案 (1)D (2)D (3)B (4)D (5)A,Careful Reading: Read the text carefully and fill in the blan
18、ks.,续表,答案 (1)layers (2)fire (3)scare (4)burning (5)skins (6)bone (7)sewed (8)clothes (9)trade (10)seaside,(1)adj.供选择的；选择性的；交替的 We should explore alternative possibilities to solve the problem. 我们应该探求各种供选择的可能性来解决这个问题。 Tom has mapped out alternative plans in case this doesnt work.汤姆已经筹划出了一个可供选择的方案以防这个
19、方案行不通。 They developed alternative fuels for aircraft.,1alternative,他们开发了航行器的替代燃料。 (2)n.可能的选择 There appears to be no alternative to the increase of price. 除了提高物价没有别的选择。 Another alternative is to wear ear plugs. 另一个选择是戴上耳塞。 You have the alternative of riding or walking. 你可以在坐车和步行中选择一种。,(1)there is no
20、alternative. 别无选择 have no alternative but to do sth (除以外)别无选择 an alternative to 是的替换物；可以代替 (2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地,They had no alternative but to put the meeting off. 他们只得把会议延期。 Enlightenment is an alternative to life. 开悟是生命的另一选择。 We could take the train or alternatively go by car. 我们可以坐火车去，也可以坐
21、汽车去。 “别无选择只得”的表达方式还有：,have no choice but to do cannot choose but do cannot (help) but do can do nothing but do,We have no choice/alternative but to wait outside. We cannot choose but/ cannot(help)but/ can do nothing but wait outside. 我们别无选择只得在外面等候。,【完成句子】 We_ _ _ _ _ _on.除了继续下去，我们别无选择。 Have you got_
22、 _ _？你有没有其他建议？ Risk provides_ _ _making money.风险提供了赚钱的机会。 答案 have no alternative but to go/have no choice but to go/cannot choose but go/cannot (help) but go/ can do nothing but go an alternative suggestion an alternative to,【句型转换】 Because of a lack of money, their mother has no choice but to work o
23、utside herself.Because of a lack of money, their mother_ _ _ _ _ _outside herself.Because of a lack of money, their mother_ _ _ _outside herself. 答案 has no alternative but to work；cannot choose but work /can do nothing but work/cannot help but work,(1)中断；阻碍 We interrupt this programme to bring you a
24、 news flash. 我们中断节目，报告新闻快讯。 These new flats will interrupt our view of the sea. 这些新公寓将遮住我们眺望海景的视野。 The floods interrupted railway services. 洪水使铁路运输中断。,2interrupt vt.,(2)打断；打扰；插嘴 Its impolite to interrupt others.打断别人讲话是不礼貌的。 Dont interrupt me when I speak. 我说话的时候，请不要打岔。 His speech was constantly inte
25、rrupted by applause. 他的讲话不时被掌声打断。,interrupt sb /sth (with sth) (因某事)打断某人/某事 interruption n. 打岔，插嘴；阻断物,He was impatient of any interruption. 他对任何打扰都感到不耐烦。,【比较网站】 interrupt/ disturb/bother,The war interrupted the trade between the two countries. 战争使两国间的贸易中断了。 They disturb me at all hours of the day an
26、d night. 他们日夜不断地打扰我。 Dont bother your father about it now; hes very tired. 现在别拿这个去打搅你父亲，他很累了。,【图解助记】,选用interrupt/ disturb/bother的适当形式填空 Traffic was_by a dense fog.交通因浓雾而受阻。 We do not want_ _what we have got. 我们不想打乱现有的东西。 You didnt_me. On the contrary, I like your company.你没有打扰我，相反地，我喜欢有你作伴。 She_me t
27、o ask a question.她打断我的话，问我一个问题。 答案 interrupted to disturb bother interrupted,Dogs have acute sense of hearing. 狗有敏锐的听觉。 He suffers from acute depression. 他患有严重的抑郁症。 Her judgment is acute.她的判断力很强。,3acute adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的,an acute angle 锐角 acute disease 急性病 acute sense 敏锐的感觉 acute pain 剧痛,Pneumon
28、ia is an acute disease.肺炎是一种急性病。 Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime.许多人都有一个相当敏锐的感觉，就是每个人的生命是短暂的。 A bad tooth may cause acute pain. 一颗坏的牙齿可致急剧的痛。,【完成句子】 _ _ _almost killed me.突如其来的剧痛差点要了我的命。 She still has very _ _， though she is eighty years old.尽管她已经八十岁了，但她的听觉仍然很
29、灵敏。 Dysentery is a kind of_ _. 痢疾是一种急性病。 Many of the animals have an_ _ _ _许多动物都有敏锐的嗅觉。 答案 An acute pain acute hearing acute disease acute sense of smell,I had assumed him to be a Japanese. 我本以为他是日本人。 It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.普遍认为紧张是过度劳累所致。 He assumed that the p
30、ackage would arrive on time. 他认为包裹会按时寄到。,4assume vt. 假定；以为,(1)assume sb /sth to be 假定/假设某人/某事为 It is/was assumed that. 被认为 (2)assuming ( that ) 假设 assumption n. 假定，假设 make an assumption 认为，假定,I hope to go to college next year，always assuming(that) I pass my exams. 我希望明年上大学，总是认为我能通过考试。 Under this cir
31、cumstances, we have no choice but to make an assumption. 在这种情况下，我们除了作出一个假设外别无选择。,【完成句子】 _ _ _ _liquid water had once flowed on Mars.据设想，火星上曾有液态水流淌。 _ _the proposal is accepted, when are we going to get the money?假如这个建议被采纳了，那么我们什么时候可以得到钱呢？ I was mistakenly_ _ _a Welsh man because of my surname.由于我的姓的
32、缘故，我被误认为是威尔士人。,A lot of people_ _ _that poverty only exists in the Third World.许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。 答案 It was assumed that Assuming that assumed to be make the assumption,(1) vt. 磨快；削尖 Our cat likes to sharpen her claws on the legs of the dining table.我们的猫喜欢在餐桌腿上磨她的脚爪。 My pencil doesnt write well; I mu
33、st sharpen it. 我的铅笔不好使；我必须把它削尖。 A workman must sharpen his tools if he is to do his work well.工欲善其事，必先利其器。 (2)vi.尖锐；变锋利，加剧 The bad condition is sharpening now. 局势更加恶化了。 These delicious dishes sharpened my appetite. 这些可口的菜激起了我的食欲。,5sharpen,sharp adj. 锋利的，锐利的；机灵的；急剧的 sharp adv. 整(用于表示时间的词语后，表示准时) shar
34、ply adv. 明显地；严厉地 sharpener n. 研磨者，削的人，研磨工具,The lecture started at three oclock sharp. 讲座于三点整开始。 You must be very careful with this sharp knife. 你用这把锋利的刀子必须很小心。 The global water use rose sharply. 全球用水量急剧增长。,用sharp的适当形式填空 He talked to them very_ The_must be Lucys. The soldiers_up their knives. These s
35、cissors are very_ 答案 sharply sharpener sharpened sharp,(1)vi.(水果、谷物等)变熟，成熟 We are waiting for the first crops to ripen. 我们正等待着第一次农作物的成熟。 Bananas will sweeten as they ripen. 香蕉熟了就会变甜。 The grapes are ripening，and the apple trees are heavy with fruit.葡萄就要熟了，苹果树上结满了果实。 (2)vi.时机成熟，纯熟 Dont worry. Time wil
36、l soon ripen. 别着急，时机即将成熟。 Our mere acquaintance ripened into friendship.,6ripen,我们原本仅是一面之交，现已是朋友了。 (3)vt.使成熟；使纯熟，催熟 The sun ripens fruit.阳光使水果成熟。,The ripe tomatoes taste sweet and sour. 成熟的西红柿尝起来又酸又甜。,【比较网站】 mature/ripen,His character has greatly matured in the years. 这些年他的性格已大大成熟。 The woman busily
37、collected the ripened reddish berries. 那妇女忙着采集成熟的淡红色的莓果。,选用mature/ripen的适当形式填空 Fruit sweetens as it_水果成熟后就好吃了。 I became_and sensible.我变得成熟与懂事了。 _apples are beginning to fall off the trees. 成熟的苹果开始从树上落下来了。 答案 ripens mature Ripe,More tests should be conducted before we can come to a conclusion.我们需要做更多
38、的实验，然后才能得出结论。 Finally they came to this conclusion. 最后，他们得出了这个结论。 I came to the conclusion that she was right. 我得到的结论是她是正确的。,1come to a conclusion得出结论,draw a conclusion 得出结论 jump to conclusions/a conclusion 过快地得出结论 in conclusion 最后(用在结束语中),From what is said above, we can draw a conclusion. 由上面所说的，我们
39、可以做一个结论。 You shouldnt jump to conclusions about what happened. 你不应对于发生的事情速下结论。 In conclusion，I am against idol adoring in our society. 总之，我反对社会上的偶像崇拜。,【完成句子】 _ _the advantages of studying abroad outweigh its disadvantages.总之，出国留学的长处要大于它的缺点。 I sometimes make mistakes because I_ _ _我有时犯错误，因为我过早下结论。 Wi
40、thout careful investigation youre liable to_ _ _ _不仔细调查研究，你可能会得出错误结论。 答案 In conclusion jump to conclusions come to wrong conclusions,He continued speaking, regardless of my feelings on the matter.他不顾及我在此事上的感情继续往下说。 He sleeps regardless of the noise outside. 他尽自睡着，也不管外面吵闹的声音。 They decorated the house
41、 regardless of cost. 他们不惜工本装修这栋房子。,2regardless of 不管，不顾,regardless of the fact that 不顾的事实 as regards 关于；至于 with/in regard to 关于 with best regards 谨致问候 regardas. 把看做,As regards money，I have enough.至于钱，我有的是。 Waiting for your reply，we remain with best regards. 等待你们的答复，仍然送上我们衷心的问候。 I regard reading as a
42、 form of recreation. 我把看书当作一种消遣。,【比较网站】 regardless of/despite/in spite of regardless of，despite和in spite of都表示“不管，不顾”，后面都可接名词或名词短语，regardless of后可接从句，而in spite of和despite后不可接从句。despite和in spite of还有“尽管”之意。 Regardless of whether he is right or wrong, you have to do what he tells you to. 不管他是对是错，你必须照他
43、说的做。 They remain friends despite all their differences. 尽管看法不同，他们还是好朋友。,【完成句子】 I_ _ _a good friend of mine.我把他看作我的一个好朋友。 We will cooperate with you，_ _ _you choose to help us.我们会与你们合作，不管你们是否愿意帮助我们。 _ _/_ _ _/_the fact that they speak different languages, engineers can communicate their ideas more cl
44、early to others if they are able to sketch.尽管工程师们说不同的语言，但如果他们会画草图，他们彼此就能很容易地交流思想。,_ _activity classes, we have little.至于活动课，我们几乎没有。 答案 regard him as regardless of whether Regardless of/In spite of /Despite As regards,Cut up the carrot before you put them into the pot. 把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内。 I cut up the meat
45、 for cooking meat ball. 我把肉剁碎后做肉丸子。 His sons death cut him up badly. 他儿子的死使他很痛苦。,3cut up切碎；伤心，痛苦,cut across 抄近路穿过；折断，打断 cut away 切除，剪去，砍掉 cut down 砍倒；缩减；改小或缩短(衣服等) cut in 插嘴；打断(谈话) cut.into pieces 切开，打碎，砍碎 cut off 切断(的供应)，切去；使中止通 话；隔离；停止运转 cut out 裁剪；删除；删去 cut through 抄近路通过；迅速通过；穿透,We can gain some
46、time if we cut across this field. 如果我们从这块地穿过，那么我们就可以赢得一些时间。 You have to cut down on your time surfing the net. 你必须减少上网时间了。 They cut off all medical supplies. 他们切断了所有的医药供给。,介、副词填空 We have to cut_on our expenses. Dont cut_all social contacts. They cut_all the dead branches from the tree. I usually cut_the park on my way home. In order not to be late, she cut_the field. She was badly cut_when she failed. 答案 down off away through across up,
