1、英 语,第45讲 阅读理解(二),阅读理解。(2014，嘉兴) How to play SPUD What you need：a soft ball five or more players a clear space outside Aim(目的) of the game： To be the last player in the game.(You are out as soon as you spell the word SPUD.) Rules of the game： Pick a player to start with the ball.The player with the b
2、all is called It. It stands in the middle of the playing area with the ball.All the other players circle around him. It throws the ball straight up into the air，and calls anothers name.The player whose name is called is now It and has to get the ball.Everyone else runs away.,It shouts SPUD！ loudly a
3、s soon as It gets the ball.Everyone else has to stop running and stand still. Then It takes three steps towards another player，and throws the ball at the players feet.The player must not move，even if theres a chance of being hit by the ball. If It hits the player，or if the player moves，then the play
4、er gets a letter (S first)，and becomes It.If It misses，then It gets a letter and stays It. The first letter for a player who is hit is S，the second letter is P，and so on.Any player who has spelled SPUD is out. The winner is the last player in the game.,1The passage says a game of SPUD needs at least
5、 _B_ Afour players Bfive players Csix players Dseven players 2When It calls your name，what must you do first？_C_ ARun away. BThrow the ball. CGet the ball. DTake three steps.,3Which picture best matches Rule 5？_D_,4The winner is the player who _B_ Acatches the ball first Bdoes not spell SPUD Cis the
6、 first to spell SPUD Dthrows the ball the farthest,(三)推理判断题 推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。,(四)猜测词义题 猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定
7、该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。,【例2】 (2014，包头) Most of my sweet memories are from my childhood.There are always so many interesting things in the far away village where I grew up.One thing that leaves a deep impression on me is shearing the sheep. In my village，sheep are washed and shea
8、red (剪毛) sometime in the month of June.This should be done quite early in the month，before the hot days begin. Its best for the sheep to have the wool taken off，or they will be too hot in the summer time.,When the time comes for washing the sheep，they are driven to a pond or a little river. Then the
9、y are thrown into the water，one at a time.The men who are in the water catch them，and wash them to get the dirt all out of the wool. When the wool is dry，the sheep are taken to the shearer；and he cuts off the wool with a large pair of shears In a short time，before the cold winter comes，new wool grow
10、s out on the sheep.By the coming of spring，there is so much that it must be cut off soon.,1When are sheep sheared usually？_B_ AIn February. BIn June. CIn April. DIn August. 点拨：细节理解题。由第二段第一句“In my village，sheep are washed and sheared(剪毛) sometime in the month of June.”可知，剪羊毛通常在六月。故选B。 2According to t
11、he passage，why do people cut off the wool of sheep？_C_ AThey do that for fun and pleasure. BThey do that as a sport and exercise. CThey do that to help sheep spend hot summer. DThey do that to make sheep look more beautiful. 点拨：推理判断题。通读第三段可知，剪羊毛是为了帮助羊度过火热的夏天。故选C。,3What does the underlined word “shea
12、rs” in Paragraph 6 mean？_B_ AKnives. BScissors. CBaskets. DRivers. 点拨：词义猜测题。通读第六段可知，当羊毛干了的时候，人们开始用一把大剪子剪羊毛。因此，shears意为“剪子”，相当于scissors。故选B。 4How often do people shear their sheep？_D_ ASeveral times a year. BTwice a year. COnce a few years. DOnce a year. 点拨：推理判断题。通读最后一段可知，人们一年剪一次羊毛。故选D。,Most people h
13、ope to have a better memory which helps them succeed in study，work and life.Can memory be improved？Luckily，hundreds of studies in the past 50 years have already given us a definite answer. A healthy lifestyle keeps your brain young and memory sharp.First of all，it is necessary to have a healthy diet
14、.Eating more food rich in B vitamins and Vitamin E，such as vegetables and lean meat，helps you have a better memory.Doing exercise can keep your brain alive，too.Proper exercise provides much needed oxygen for the brain.Running ，riding a bike ，swimming and even walking two or three times a week are he
15、lpful.Moreover，getting enough sleep is important.Only when your brain gets a good rest，can it work well.The healthier your lifestyle is，the better your memory will become，but do not expect a sudden changeit takes a long time to make a difference.,Memory skills help you remember things better.The fol
16、lowing three are the most widely used.Chunking is a way of remembering a piece of information by cutting it into smaller ones.For example，to memorize a tendigit telephone number 2127983630，you can divide the digits into three groups：first 212，then 798，and lastly 3630.This method is far more effectiv
17、e than remembering a string of 10 digits.Organization means organizing information into groups of the the same kind.For example, trees，grass and flowers are plants；tigers，pandas，horses and cows are animals.Imagery is remembering newly learnt information by using your imagination and connecting it wi
18、th something that you are familiar with.3,However，memory skills will hardly work if you dont understand the information.Whats more，only a regular review can make the memory last long.That is why students are always advised to go over what they have learnt after one day and then after three days，and
19、then use it as regularly as possible. Human brains are like muscles that need nutrients and exercise to become stronger.If you make a few lifestyle changes and try some memory skills，you can certainly improved your memory.,5How many ways of keeping a healthy lifestyle are mentioned in the passage？_B
20、_ ATwo. BThree. CFour. DFive. 6Which of the following examples is the use of the skill “organization”？_A_ ARemembering the word “sad ”by putting it into the group of “feeling ” BRemembering the meaning of the word “red” by connecting it with fire. CRemembering a long and difficult passage by underst
21、anding its meaning. DRemembering the post number 0708591 by dividing it into 070 and 8591.,7According to the passage，why should we review what weve learnt？_D_ ATo use it better every day. BTo understand it in a better way. CTo improve memory skills. DTo remember it for a longer time 8The passage is
22、written to tell us _C_ Anot everyone has a good memory Bmemory skills are not difficult to learn Cmemory can be improved in some ways Dit is important to have a healthy lifestyle,(一)(2014，陕西) Akuapem is in the eastern part of Ghana.The sun there shines all the time.The local people are very friendly
23、 and hospitable(好客的)Now lets have a look at how Akuapem people receive a visitor. A visitor is often welcomed warmly in a family of Akuapem.After the visitor is welcomed into the house，he is offered a seat and water at the very beginning，because the host assumes that the visitor must have come from
24、a very long journey and need water.If there is a group of visitors，the host will greet the visitors from right to left.And the host shakes only with his right hand，because Akuapem people think the left hand is not clean.,Next，the visitor is asked how his journey was and why he has come.While the con
25、versation is going on，the wife and the children，especially girls，are preparing food for the visitor.The visitor can choose his favorite food.After the visitor finishes eating，the host and the visitor go on with their conversation.Usually this is a short one because the visitor is getting ready to sa
26、y goodbye. When the visitor is leaving，he is often given some food.He is also accompanied(陪伴) by one of the children to the nearest station.The child who accompanies the visitor will not come back home until the visitor leaves safely. Whether he is a close friend or just a stranger，this is always ho
27、w friendly Akuapem people receive a visitor.,1The underlined word “assumes” here probably means “_A_” Athinks Bremembers Cdisagrees Dfollows 2Which of the following is TRUE to the passage？_D_ AThe host talks little with the visitor. BThe child accompanies the visitor to the gate of the house. CThe h
28、ost offers the visitor a seat only. DThe visitor takes some food with him when he leaves. 3From the passage we know that Akuapem people are _B_ Anoisy Bfriendly Cimpolite Dquiet,(二)(2014，苏州) Chris Rock was born in the state of South Carolina in the United States.When he was a child，his family moved，
29、and he grew up in a poor area in Brooklyn，New York. As a teenager，Rock left high school and started telling jokes in comedy clubs in New York City.Even at age 18，Chris Rock was very funny.He told jokes about his family (his parents were very strict)，and about growing up in Brooklyn in the 1980s.Many
30、 of his jokes were also about high school，which Rock says was terrible.,Famous comedians (喜剧演员)went to see Rocks performances.One comedian (Eddie Murphy) helped him get work on television and in the movies.Chris Rock still acts in movies，but he does not want to be a serious actor.For him，comedy is m
31、ore important.It makes people laugh，but it can also make people think. Today，Chris Rock still does live comedy shows around the world.He also created a TV show called “Everybody Hates Chris.”It is about his teenage years growing up and going to school in Brooklyn.In 2006，it was considered as one of
32、the best comedy shows on American television.,4What is this passage mainly about？_C_ AHow to tell a good joke. BWhere the best comedy clubs are. COne comedians life. DThe funniest people in the United States. 5Chris Rock tells a lot of jokes about _B_ ASouth Carolina BBrooklyn CLos Angeles DTexas,6W
33、hich sentence about Chris Rock is true？_D_ AAs a teenager，he was not funny. BHe started working in clubs after he graduated from college. CHe loved going to high school. DA famous comedian helped him get work on TV and in the movies. 7Today，what does Chris Rock say is the most important？_B_ ABeing a
34、 serious actor. BMaking people laugh. CHelping teenagers. DHaving his own club.,(三)(2014，黄冈) We always celebrated Dads birthday on Thanksgiving Day，even after he entered a nursing home.When we knew it might be his last birthday，the whole family decided to get together for a huge birthday celebration
35、 at the nursing home. Dad was a good storyteller and we were always his listeners.During a quiet moment，I announced it was now Dads turn to listen to stories for a change.I wanted everyone to tell Dad what we loved about him.The room became quiet.Then one after another，people told stories from their
36、 hearts，while Dad listened with tears in eyes.,Everyone seemed to have more than one story.Even the little grandchildren couldnt wait to tell Dad why they loved him.For a man who had been kind to so many hundreds of people in his life，here was our chance to tell him how much we love him.A few months
37、 later，at Dads memorial service，we more fully realized what we had given to Dad that night.Those are the stories people normally tell at a funeral (葬礼) after a loved one is no longer alive to hear the words.They tell stories，full of tears.But we had given those memories to Dad in his life，and we had
38、 told them through laughter，together with hugs and joy.He had them to hold and enjoyed them from time to time in his mind during his last days and months.,Words do matter，and they are enough.We just need to say them or to speak them publicly the ones we love.Thats the ways to give back love and that
39、s our chance to celebrate a person in his or her life. 8The writers family decided to have a huge birthday celebration because _B_ ADad was to leave the hospital Bit might be Dads last birthday Cthey would celebrate Thanksgiving Day DDad was at the nursing home,9According to the passage，we know _A_
40、Aall the family loved the father，including the little grandchildren Bthe writers father was still enjoying good health Cthe party was held at the writers home Dthe doctor told the writer his father was going to die at once 10From the passage，we know the writers father was _B_ to hear the stories. As
41、urprised Bmoved Csad Dfrustrated,11The best title of the passage can be _C_ AAn Amazing Story BA Kind Father CSay Our Love Publicly DA Big Party,(四)(2014，内江) Children laugh often and easily.But as we grow up，we laugh less and feel more stressed.Try laughing for no reason at all.Thats how thousands o
42、f people start their day at Laughter Clubs around the world，and many doctors now think that having a good laugh may be one of the best ways to stay healthy.The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai，India，1995 by Dr.Madam Kataria.“Young children laugh about 300 times a day.Adults laugh between 7
43、and 15 times a day，” says Dr.Kataria.“Everyones naturally good at laughing.We want people to feel happy with their lives.”There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over 1，300 worldwide. Place：264 North Main Street，East Longmeadow.Were in an office building near the entrance.Walk down t
44、he hall and were on the right.,When：Every Sunday afternoon from 3：45 pm.to 4：45 pm. Cost：Free.Donation will be welcomed. Ages：Adults from 18 to 75. Parking：If youre facing the building，the car park is on the right of the building. Teacher：Robert Rivest. More information，go to http：/. If you want to
45、feel like a kid again，try our Laughter Club.You will get used to it in five minutes and begin to laugh for real in ten minutes and sometimes you just cant stop！Youll experience deeper pleasure in half an hour.Youll meet other people who want more fun and laughter.And you will feel so relaxed in abou
46、t one hour! Come and join us for laughter and a fun social experience!,12The text is a _D_ Anote Breport Cstory Dposter 13How soon will you start laughing in the Laughter Club？_B_ AIn five minutes. BIn ten minutes. CIn half an hour. DIn about one hour. 14The main purpose of Paragraph 1 is to _C_ Ate
47、ll people where the first Laughter Club is Bexplain how laugh makes people stay healthy Cshow Laughter Clubs are popular in the world Ddescribe the reason why children laugh often and easily,15Which of the following is TRUE？_A_ A. When you go out of the Laughter Club，you should turn left for the car park. B. You may stay in the Laughter Club for more than one hour. C. Children can go to the Laughter Club with their parents. D. You have to donate to join the Laughter Club.,
