1、英 语,第40讲 定语从句,【真题体验】 1Do you know the girl _A_ is talking with our teacher? Oh，shes my sister.(2014，滨州) Awho Bwhose Cwhom Dwhere 2After Mandela was free(自由的) in 1990，he chose to shake hands with the people _D_ wanted to kill him.(2014，临沂) Awhose Bwhich C/ Dwho 3In a text message，88 means Byebye.(201
2、4，黄冈) And another example is F2F _A_ stands for face to face. Athat Bwho Cwhom Dit,4I really like the photo of my family _A_ my sister took in the city park last year.(2014，绍兴) Awhich Bwho Cwhat Dwhom 【考点梳理】 中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在定语从句的功能、结构和关系词的用法上，重点考查由that，which，who引导的定语从句。,高频考点一 定语从句的关系词 定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个
3、名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或关系副词when，where，why等引导。 1who，whom，that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you？他是想见你的那个人吗？ He is the man(who/whom/that)I saw yesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。,2which，that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如： Mary likes
4、music that/which is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。 The coat(that/which)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的外套是蓝色的。 3whose用来指人或物，只用作定语。如： Please pass me the book whose cover is green.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。,4关系副词有when，where，why，它们在句中作状语。如： Ill never forget the days when we studied together.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。 This
5、is the city where my father worked ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前工作的城市。 Do you know the reason why he was late for school? 你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？,【例1】 Do you know the man _ C _ is talking to Miss Wu？(2014，广州) Ahe Bwhom Cwho Dwhich 点拨：先行词是the man，指人，且在从句中作主语，故应用who来引导。 【例2】 Please pass me the cartoon book _ D _ has a
6、 Mickey Mouse on the cover. Awhom Bwhose Cwho Dwhich 点拨：先行词是book，指物，因此关系词用which。 【例3】 This is the primary school _ A _ I studied three years ago. Awhere Bwhen Cthat Dwhich 点拨：先行词school在定语从句中作studied的地点状语。,1当先行词前被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我所看
7、过的足球赛中最激烈的一场。 2当先行词前有一个序数词修饰时。如： The first thing that you could do was to turn off the light.你首先要做的就是关灯。 3先行词为all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much，none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如： All that we have to do for our students is to tell them how to speak English in class.我们为学生所要做的事情就是告诉他
8、们如何在课堂上说英语。 Im going to buy everything that I need.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。,4当先行词前面有only，all，any，no等词修饰时。如： Thats all that I want to say.这就是我想说的全部。 5当并列的先行词分别表示人和物时。如： They are talking about things and persons that they remembered.他们谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。,【例4】 The Palace Museum is the best place _ A _ Ive ever visit
9、ed.(2013，十堰) Athat Bwhich Cwhere Dwhat 点拨：在先行词place前有形容词最高级best修饰，关系词只能用that。 【例5】 “Underground” is the only word in the English language _ B _ begins and ends with the letters “und.”(2014，河南) Awhat Bthat Cwho Dwhom 点拨：句意为“underground是英语这种语言中唯一一个以und开头和结尾的单词。”定语从句的先行词是“the only word”，当先行词有only修饰时，从句
10、应用that引导。,高频考点三 关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况 1当先行词为all，any或其合成词或a few且指人时。如： Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。 2先行词为that，this，those或these且指人时。如： Those who hadnt bought the tickets for the train crowded in the waiting hall.那些还没买着票的人拥挤在候车厅里。,3当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时，在口语中用who或whom引导均可，但如直
11、接位于介词后作宾语时，只能用whom。如： The guest (who/whom) Ill first introduce to you is a little girl.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘。 I met a few friends of mine，among whom was my old classmate.我遇见几位朋友，其中一位是我的老同学。 【例6】 Success will belong to those _ C _ never say “impossible” Awhom Bwhat Cwho Dwhich 点拨：先行词those ，故关系代词用who。,1W
12、hat are you looking for？(2014，德州) Im looking for the CD about EXO _A_ I bought yesterday. Athat Bwho Cwhose Dwhen 2He is unlikely to find the school _A_ he taught 50 years ago.(2014，枣庄) Awhere Bwhen Chow Dwhy 3When some Chinese women were dancing to loud music in a park in New York，the people _A_ li
13、ved nearby called the police.(2014，东营) Awho Bwhom Cwhose Dwhich 4People _D_ overweight need more water than thin people.(2014，呼和浩特) Awho is Bwhich are Cthat is Dwho are,5Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China? Yeah！Its the most funny one _A_ I have ever seen.(2014，咸宁) Athat Bwhat Cwhich
14、 Dwhere 6What are you looking for? Im looking for the watch _A_ I bought yesterday.(2013，长沙) Awhich Bwho Cwhose Dwhere 7Lily doesnt know _D_ she and her friends can do to help the little boy _ parents have left their hometown for making money.(2013，兰州) Athat；those Bhow；who Cwhat；who Dwhat；whose,8I s
15、till remember the college and the teachers _C_ I visited in London years ago.(2013，安徽) Awhat Bwho Cthat Dwhich 9A friend is someone _A_ says，“What！You too？I thought I was the only one！”(2013，河南) Awho Bwhich Cwhat Dwhose 10What kind of music do you like? I like music _D_ I can dance to.(2013，宜宾) Abec
16、ause Bwhen Cwho Dthat,11Ill never forget the lesson _B_ last year.(2013，三亚) Athat I learn Bthat I learned Cwhat I learn Dwhat I learned 12She is the girl _D_ invention got the first prize in the school competition.(2013，荆州) Awho Bthat Cwhich Dwhose 13One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou _C
17、_ are often visited by foreigners is the West Lake. Awhat Bwho Cthat D/,14Ill never forget the day _C_ the great scientist came to our school and gave us a speech. Athat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere 15Do you know the kid with _D_ Bob is talking over there? Yes，its my cousin. Awho Bthat C不填 Dwhom 16Mr Smith _B_ is smoking is looking for _ he lost yesterday. Awhom；which Bwho；what Cthat；who Dwhich；where,
