1、盆底康复的现状及注意事项 l 中 山 大学附属第一医院 l 游泽山This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the sy
2、stem are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.盆底 功能 康复治疗的背景l 近年来，国际上对女性生殖健康给予了高度重视，各国已把妇女的健康水平作为衡量一个国家一个地区经济发展和文明程度的重要指标。l 盆底功能障碍疾病防治是女性生殖健康的一项重要内容，是衡量女性健康的主要内容之一。l 我国政府对此十分重视，在卫生部的支持下，中华预防医学会开展中国妇女盆底功能障碍防治项目，旨在引进国外新的理念和先进的诊疗技术，努力提高女性生活质量。l 由广东省优生优育协会牵头，已经成立一个专家委员会负责广东妇女盆底康复与产后保健的推
3、广工作。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontrol
4、ler and DS18B20 temperature sensor.盆底功能障碍性疾病的定义l 盆底功能障碍性疾病是指各种病因导致盆底支持结构薄弱而造成盆腔脏器位置和功能异常的一组疾 病 （pevic floor disfunction,PDF)。l 包括： 盆腔器官脱垂（ pevic organs prolanse POP)性功能障碍（ sexual disfunction SD）尿失禁（ urinary incontinence UI）粪失禁（ fecal incontinence FI）This paper mainly introduces the design of an inte
5、lligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.盆底功能障碍性疾病的危害尿失禁患者的难
6、堪 出门逛街先找厕所身上常有异味This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51
7、microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.盆腔脏器脱垂患者的痛苦：This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The
8、 core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.影响家庭生活l 性生活不满意This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sens
9、or DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.此类疾病 “不要命 ”，但严重影响女性健康和生活质量，被誉中老年妇女的 “社交癌 ”！This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temper
10、ature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.中国成年妇女 PDF发病情况l 中国 45%的已婚已育妇女患有不同程度的 PDF。l 在中国约有 1/5产妇在产后有尿失禁情况，约 1/41/2 成年妇女有尿失禁经历， 1/4的 6
11、5岁以上老人和妇女都患有不同程度的尿失禁 ， 且年龄越大发病率越高。l 78%的已育妇女因阴道松弛而出现夫妻生活不满意。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. Th
12、e core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.人口老龄化趋势PDF成为越来越普遍的问题This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperatu
13、re sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.国内盆底功能障碍疾病的防治的现状：多数医院仍然以解剖诊断为主， 而对于临床症状不明显但有潜在 功能 病变的人群未给予早期的诊断和干预 ，中国妇女盆底障碍疾病发病率高。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature contr
14、ol system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.国外盆底功能障碍疾病的防治的情况：欧美国家对所有的已育妇女常规进行盆底功能检查，对产妇产
15、后 42天常规做盆底康复训练。目前国外女性盆底康复治疗技术已非常成熟！This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the
16、system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.盆底功能障碍性疾病的预防和治疗迫在眉睫！是每位医务工作者应当重视的问题 。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature senso
17、r DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.盆底功能障碍 性疾病的发病机理：女性盆底肌，像弹簧床一样承托和支持着膀胱、子宫、直肠等盆腔脏器，并有多项生理功能：u 控制排尿u 维持阴道紧缩度u 控制排便u 增进性快感This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control sys
18、tem which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.任何原因导致盆底结构损害，就会导致 PDF盆底组织病理变化对盆腔脏器固定支托功能障碍盆腔脏器功能影响
19、临床症状出现This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontr
20、oller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.尿失禁的分类一、应力性尿失禁二、 急迫性 尿失禁三、溢满型尿失禁四、混合性尿失禁This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip
21、microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.压力性尿失禁指腹压的突然增加导致尿液不自主流出，不是由逼尿肌收缩压或膀胱壁对尿液的张力压引起的。其特点是在正常状态下无遗尿，而腹压突然升高时尿液自动流出。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of
22、 temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.盆底松弛导致压力性尿失禁的原因l 妊娠与阴道分娩损伤l 绝经后雌激素减低或先天发育不良所致的支持薄弱l 阴道、尿道手术l 盆腔巨大肿物80-100 压力性尿失禁的病人伴
23、有膀胱膨出，但膀胱膨出的患者只有半数有压力性尿失禁。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system ar
24、e AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.急迫性急迫性 尿失禁尿失禁l 指伴有强烈尿意或尿急感的不自主性漏尿，患者逼尿肌不稳定。主要表现为尿急、尿频、不能自主控制的排尿。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital
25、 temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.压力性尿失禁的鉴别诊断l 英国皇家妇产科尿失禁学会，美国尿控协会明确提出，存在或可疑排尿障碍和逼尿肌不稳定者，在决定有创手术前必须进行尿动力学检查。l 压力试验阳性而膀胱内压图无逼尿肌不稳定收缩时，压力性尿失禁的诊断近乎 100 的特异性和敏感性。This paper mainly introd
26、uces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature
27、sensor.压力试验l 将一定量的液体（一般为 300ml）注入患者膀胱，或者患者自行感觉有尿意时，嘱其取站立位或膀胱截石位，用力咳嗽 8-10次，观察阴部有无尿漏出。如有尿液流出为阳性。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B2
28、0 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.指压试验l 检查者把中食指放入阴道前壁的尿道两侧，向前上抬高膀胱颈，再行诱发压力试验，如果压力性尿失禁现象消失，则为阳性。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function
29、of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.尿失禁的分类溢满型尿失禁溢满型尿失禁主要为神经病变或长期憋尿而导致膀胱功能性障碍，因而膀胱变大且缺乏张力所造成。This paper mainly introduc
30、es the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature se
31、nsor.尿失禁的分类混合性尿失禁混合性尿失禁患者通常合并应力性尿失禁与急 迫 性尿失禁两种。POP-Q评估体系This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The co
32、re components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.POP-Q评估系统的起源（ pelvic organ prolapse quantitive examination）l POP-Q（ pelvic organ prolapse quantitive examination）是 1995年美国妇产科学会制定的盆底器官脱垂（ pelvic organ prolapse， POP）的评价系统，l POP-Q客观、细致， 经论证有良好的 可靠性 和 重复性l 1995年被国际尿
33、控协会 ,1996年被美国妇科泌尿学协会和妇科医师协会认可、接纳并 推荐在临床、科研中使用 ，l 至今已成为 国外应用最广泛 的脱垂评价体系。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microc
34、omputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.1 POP-Q分类法的内容l POP-Q以处女膜为参照（ 0点），l 以阴道前壁、后壁和顶部的 6个点为指示点（前壁两点 Aa、Ba，后壁两点 Ap、 Bp，顶部两点 C、 D），l 这 6点相对于处女膜的位置变化为尺度（指示点位于处女膜缘内侧记为 负数 ，位于处女膜缘外侧记为 正数 ），对脱垂作出量化。l 同时记录阴道全长（ total vaginal length， tvl），l 同时记录
35、生殖道裂孔（ genital hiatus， gh）长度、l 同时记录会阴体（ Perineal body， pb）长度。各参考指指示点及正常定位范围见表 1，盆腔器官脱垂的分度标准见表 2。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B
36、20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.表 1 POP-Q评估指示点及范围参照点 解剖描述 正常定位范 围 （ cm）Aa 阴道前壁中 线 距 处 女膜 缘 3cm处 ， 对应 “ 膀胱尿道 皱 折 ” 处 3Ba 阴道 前壁 Aa点至阴道前穹隆 的反摺 中的任意一点；在子 宫 或阴道未脱出阴道口外 时 ，距 处 女膜 缘 最近的距离；在子 宫 或阴道脱出阴道口外 时 ，距 处 女膜
37、 缘 最 远 的距离； 3Ap 阴道后壁中 线 距 处 女膜 缘 3cm处 3Bp 阴道 后壁 Ap点至阴道后穹隆 的反摺 中的任意一点；在子 宫 或阴道未脱出阴道口外 时 ，距 处 女膜 缘 最近的距离；在子 宫 或阴道脱出阴道口外 时 ，距 处 女膜 缘 最 远 的距离； 3C 子 宫 完整者，代表 宫颈 外口最 远处 ；子 宫 切除者 则 相当于阴道残端 tvl（ tvl 2）D 阴道后穹窿或直 肠 子 宫 陷凹的位置，解剖学上相当于 宫 骶 韧带 附着于 宫颈 水平 处 ； 对 子 宫 切除 术 后无 宫颈 者， D点无法 测 量。 D点用于 鉴别宫颈 延 长 。 tvl（ tvl 2
38、）gh 尿道外口到阴唇后 联 合中点的距离pb 阴唇后 联 合到肛 门 开口中点的 距离tvl 当 C、 D在正常位置 时 阴道 顶 部至 处 女膜 缘 的 总长 度注： 1.除 tvl外，各指标要在加腹压情况下测量； 2.将处女膜缘定为 0 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digita
39、l temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.表 2 POP-Q分度标准POP-Q 具 体 标 准分度 解剖描述 定位描述0 无脱垂 Aa 、 Ap、 Ba、 Bp均在 3cm处 ， C点或 D点位置在 tvl（ tvl 2） cm处 。 范 围 大于 0级 ，脱垂的最 远 端在 处 女膜缘 内 侧 ，距 处 女膜 缘 1cm脱垂的最 远
40、 端定位于 1 cm，但小于（ tvl-2） cm脱垂的最 远 端定位于 +1cm（ tvl 2） cm 全部脱出，脱垂的最 远 端超 过处 女膜缘 （ tvl-2） cm脱垂的最 远 端定位于 （阴道全 长 2） cmThis paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperatur
41、e sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.anterior wall Aa anterior wall Ba Cervix or cuffC genital hiatusgh perineal bodypb Totalvaginal lengthtvl posterior wallAp posterior wallBp Posterior fornixD 表
42、 3. 记录 POP-Q的九格表This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.图 2. 九格表表示盆腔器官位于正常位置及完全脱垂时的各项数据
