1、Unit 1 Lifestyles,开 篇 背 诵,私人信件 典型例题 (山东)假设你是李华，曾在美国学习半年，现已回国。你想联系你的美国老师Mr.Smith，但没有其联系方式。请根据以下要点给你的美国同学Tom写一封信： 1. 感谢Tom对你英语学习的帮助； 2. 询问Mr. Smith的近况并索要其联系方式； 3. 邀请Tom在春节期间来中国感受中国文化。 注意：1.词数120150； 2可适当增加细节。,写作提示 1. 本文写作形式为个人信件，应用第一人称。 2. 时态以一般现在时为主，辅以现在完成时以及一般将来时。,佳作欣赏 Dear Tom， How have you been do
2、ing all these days? We havent seen each other since I came back from America. How I miss you!,First of all, Id like to express my gratitude to you for your kind help with my English when I was studying in America. But for your help, I wouldnt have made such great progress. Now, could you do me a fav
3、our? Im doing research on animal cloning and need to ask our teacher, Mr. Smith for some advice. Would you be so kind as to tell me how to contact him if you still keep in touch with him?,By the way, the Spring Festival of China, equal to your Christmas, is drawing near. Welcome you to China to appr
4、eciate Chinese culture, which has a long history and is full of a variety of interesting activities. Im sure you will have a wonderful time here. Looking forward to your early reply. Best wishes， Yours， Li Hua,名师点评 1. 本文准确把握了书信的格式。文章思路清晰，结构严谨，段落层次分明。 2. 语法内容丰富：How引导的感叹句，when引导的时间状语从句，how引导的宾语从句，if引导
5、的条件状语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句，But for表示的虚拟条件句。 3. 短语、固定搭配恰当运用：First of all, keep in touch, By the way, equal to。,教 材 自 主 回 归,记记单词 1.p_adj.平静的，和平的_/_n和平；平静_adv.和平地，平静地 2. r_adj.令人轻松的，令人放松的_adj.轻松的，放松的_n放松，松弛 3. c_vi.抱怨，投诉_n抱怨，抗议_n发牢骚的人，抱怨的人,peaceful,peace,peacefulness,peacefully,relaxing,relaxed,relaxatio
6、n,complain,complain,complainer,4. u_adj.急迫的，紧急的_adv.急迫地，紧急地_n急迫，急事_vt.&vi.催促，强烈要求 5. p_adj.私人的，个人的_adv.就个人而言，亲自_n人格，性格 6. b_adj.厌烦的，不感兴趣的_/_adj.令人厌烦的，乏味的_n无聊；厌倦,urgent,urgently,urgency,urge,personal,personally,personality,bored,boring,boresome,boredom,7. s_n压力_adj.感到紧张的，感到有压力的_adj.紧张的，压力重的 8. p_n压力_
7、adj.感受压力的；紧迫的_vt.按，压 9. o_vt.组织_adj.有组织的，有系统的_n组织，机构 10. c_n人群，一伙人_adj.拥挤的,stress,stressed,stressful,pressure,pressured,press,organise,organised,organisation,crowd,crowded,记记短语 1.Then I get up, _(下楼梯) and_(打开电视) in the living room. 2I normally _(醒来) about five minutes _(闹钟响前) 3Meetings and phone cal
8、ls _(占据了一天中大部分时间),go downstairs,switch on the TV,wake up,before my alarm clock goes off,take up a large part of the day,4Every minute of the day_(充斥着急待处理的事情) 5When do students_(受压力困扰)? 6_(现在) Im studying medicine at the university. 7I think Ive changed a lot _(这么多年),is filled with urgent matters,suf
9、fer from stress,At the moment,over the years,记记句型 1.I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall _(小狗则在我身边绕圈) 2I couldnt live this lifestyle_(没有一个好妻子) 3_(我用了不到15分钟)to wash, get changed, have breakfast, leave home and get on a bus.,while the dog walks round in a circle,without a good wife
10、,It takes me less than fifteen minutes,4When I get home at about ten, I look at some documents that I bring back from the office _(为第二天的工作做准备) 5I also grow wheat and vegetables _(所以每天我都有很多事需要料理) 6Unfortunately, my wife isnt _(像我那么喜欢它们),so that I can be ready for the next days work,so there are many
11、things to look after,as fond of them as I am,教 材 知 识 探 究,词 语 解 读,1.matter vi.重要，有重大关系 n物质；问题；毛病 to make matters worse更糟糕的是 no matter不要紧，没关系 as a matter of fact实际上；不瞒你说；确实 It doesnt matter.没关系。,解题警示 “他问我怎么回事”习惯上说：He asked me what was the matter. (此处因what作主语，故后边语序不变)，而有些学生惯用He asked me what the matter
12、 was.句子虽正确，但意思不同，此处是“他问我那物质是什么。”,考试题 (武汉)Dont worry. Its only a(n) _of money. We will try our best to collect enough. A. matter B. affair C. business D. accident 答案与解析：A 考查名词辨析。短语a matter of表示“(仅仅、就)只是的事而已”，如a matter of days/time“仅仅几天，只是时间的早晚”。句意：别担心，这只是钱的事情而已，我们会尽力募集够的。,预测题 The thing that _ is not
13、whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not. Amatters Bcares Cminds Dconsiders答案：A,2relaxing与relaxed relaxing和relaxed均为形容词，两者都可以作定语，表语及补语成分。 (1)relaxing意思是“有助于休息的，令人放松的”；它修饰事物或说明事物的特征。 Joking before the exams is relaxing. 考前说笑是令人放松的。,After a days hard work, I want a relaxing evening. 一天的努力工作
14、之后，我需要一个轻松的夜晚。 (2)relaxed意思是“放松的，冷静的，镇定的，自在的”；它作表语时应是某人作主语。 He was relaxed and confident before the match. 比赛前，他显得镇定而自信。,3suppose vt.认为，猜想 supposethat/to be认为，猜想 be (not) supposed to (do)(不)被期望，(不)应该 suppose/supposing that(与given, provided通用) 表示“假定结果会怎么样？” I suppose so./No, I suppose not./No, I dont
15、 suppose so.我认为这样。/不，我不认为这样。/ 不，我不认为这样。,解题警示 think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词用于否定转移，not实际上否定宾语从句的谓语。 I dont suppose she will agree. 我料想她不会同意。注意以下用法区别：,I dont think/suppose/believe/expect so.I think/suppose/believe/expect not.而hope, guess, be afraid只能用：,而不能用I dont guess so./I dont hope so.
16、/Im not afraid so. 以上句子变反意疑问句时，反问在宾语从句上，且用肯定形式，但如果主句的主语不是第一人称则反问在主句上。如： I dont suppose he will come today, will he? You dont suppose he will come today, do you? 当提问suppose等后面的宾语从句的某一成分，变特殊疑问句时，往往把主句变为一般疑问句，从句语序不变。 I suppose he has managed to prevent the accident. What do you suppose he has managed t
17、o prevent?,考试题 (浙江)Jerry is playing online games. Hes playing games？Hes _ to be doing his homework now. A. believed B. supposed C. considered D. pretended 答案与解析：B be supposed to do sth.意为：某人应该做某事。题中用了不定式的进行式，表示：Jerry应该正在做作业。,(山东省聊城市)How do you _we will go to Hainan for our holidays? I think wed bett
18、er fly there. Its much more comfortable. A. insist B. want C. suggest D. suppose 答案：D,4switch vt.转换，转变 switch (from A) to B(由A)转换成B switch on开(电灯、机器等) switch off关(电灯、机器等)；失去兴趣；觉得乏味 switch over转换频道；转变,考试题 (南京)In order to stop poverty, the World Bank has_its focus to providing technical assistance and
19、 longterm loans to developing countries. A. fixed B. exchanged C. transferred D. switched 答案：D,(黄冈)She started studying medicine at college, but _ to Business Studies in her second year. A. transformed B. skipped C. adjusted D. switched 答案与解析：D 考查动词辨析。句意：她从医学专业转到商务研究系，用switch表示“转换，改变(思路、话题等)”。B项可表示“
20、急速改变”，不符合语境。其他选项的含义：A“改变，转变，改选”，C“调整”。,5go off爆炸；突然发出响声 go for为去；努力获取；对适用 go around/round/about四处走动 go back回去，追溯到(to)；回顾 go by(时间)过去 go down下降,go in for喜爱，爱好 go out(灯、火)熄灭 go through顺利完成 go without没有也忍受过去 go up价格(水平/数量上升) go against违反，反对,考试题 (湖北)My friends car alarm _ at midnight because it was thun
21、dering. A. gave off B. turned off C. put off D. went off 答案：D,(成都)Jims success lies in his courage, hard work and selfconfidence. Yes. What you said really _ him. A. asks for B. goes for C. calls for D. heads for 答案与解析：B 考查动词短语。ask for要求；go for对适用；call for需要；head for向方向前进。根据句意可知B项正确。,6take up占据；拿起 t
22、ake off(飞机)起飞；(事业)成功；脱掉(衣服) take on呈现 take over接管 take away拿走；带去 take in接纳；吸收；受骗 take it easy别着急 take your time不着急；慢慢来 take back拿回；收回,考试题 (四川押题卷)I dont know what to _ at the university. I cant make any forecasts about my future. Atake in Btake over Ctake off Dtake up 答案与解析：D 考查动词词组辨析。take up从事；占据；ta
23、ke in吸收；欺骗；take over接管；继任；take off起飞；成功；脱掉。句意：我不知上大学学什么专业。对于未来我不能预测。综上选D项。,(台州调研)Parents are advised to take pressure _ a child and give him some encouragement before an exam. A. off B. out C. from D. away 答案与解析：A 句意：建议父母在考试前消除孩子的压力，给予他们一些鼓励。take sth. off去掉、消除，为固定短语。,(安徽)We tried to find a table for
24、 seven, but they were all _. A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up 答案与解析：C 句意：我们想找一张七个人坐的桌子，但桌子全都有人了。give away出卖，赠送；keep away远离；take up占据；use up用光。,7be filled with充满着 fill A with B用B装满A(强调动作) be filled with充满(表状态) be full of充满(表状态) fill in填上，把补齐,预测题 The room _ smoke and I had to go out f
25、or some fresh air. Awas filled of Bwas full with Cwas filled with Dwas full about答案：C,8urgent adj.急迫的，紧急的 an urgent telegram急电 in urgent need of急需 urgency n急事，急迫 urge vt.催促，劝，怂恿，极力主张，强烈要求 urge sb. to do/into doing sth.怂恿某人干某事,解题警示 urge作“极力主张”讲，后接that从句时用虚拟语气，即should动词原形，should可以省略。如： The report urge
26、d that all children be taught to swim.这份报告主张给所有的儿童教授游泳。,9complain vi.抱怨，投诉 complain to sb. about/at sth.向某人投诉，抱怨，诉苦 complain of sth.诉说，投诉 complaint n抱怨，埋怨，不满(作抽象名词时为不可数名词，当具体到某一种抱怨、抱怨的原因或事情时为可数名词。) complainer n抱怨者,解题警示 complain不能直接跟sb.作宾语，须加介词to。类似的词还有explain, announce等。 预测题 Students complaints_ the
27、ir food were soon taken_consideration by the school. A. about；into B. for；on C. of；for D. with；against 答案：A,10. bored adj.厌烦的，不感兴趣的(常修饰人) bore sb. with.使某人厌倦 bore sb. to death使某人烦得要命 be bored with.厌倦 boring adj.令人厌烦的(常修饰物) boredom n厌倦，厌烦,解题警示 英语中有部分及物动词，如：bore, tire, excite, surprise, interest, worr
28、y, astonish, shock, frighten, terrify, disappoint, satisfy, inspire, encourage, puzzle等，它们的v.ing式表示主体名词令人有某种感受，而它们的v.ed式表示主体名词本身有某种感受。,考试题 (2008哈尔滨模拟)The film was so _ that soon all the children in the cinema began feeling _ of it, and they went home one by one. Abored; boring Bboring; boring Cbored
29、; bored Dboring; bored 答案：D,11suffer vt.受到；遭受；忍受 vi.遭受(痛苦) suffer pain/punishment/hunger/loss/defeat 遭受痛苦/受到惩罚/挨饿/遭受损失/遭受失败 suffer for sth.因某事而受苦 suffer from.受之苦；患(疾病) sufferer n受苦者；患病者 suffering n痛苦,解题警示 suffer作及物动词“遭受”解时，后面可跟harm, loss, pain, injury, punishment等名词作宾语。suffer作“受之苦；受折磨”解时，为不及物动词，后面接介
30、词from再接名词作宾语。 考试题 (稽阳联考)A big population in northern China are suffering a great deal _ the dry weather across the area in early spring this year. A. from B. to C. of D. in 答案与解析：A 考查介词。suffer from为固定搭配。,12. stress n压力 vt.着重；强调 stressthatclause强调 put/lay/place stress on/upon重视；把重点放在 under the stress
31、 of为所迫，受到造成的压力 stressful adj.紧张的，压力重的,预测题 Cooperation or teamwork, the importance of which is often _，plays an important part in football matches. Astressed Bthought of Cpaid much attention Dtalked答案与解析：A 本题考查动词和动词短语的区别。句意为：合作或团队协作在足球比赛中起着很重要的作用，其重要性经常被强调。stress the importance of.强调的重要性。,13. pressur
32、e n压力 bring pressure to bear on/upon对施加压力 under the pressure of在的压力下，为所逼 be/come under pressure受到压力，在压力之下 put pressure on sb.对施加压力 press vt.压，按，推；迫使，紧逼，督促，力劝 vi.(常与on/upon连用)紧迫 n(与the连用)新闻界，报刊上的评论,预测题 Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the _started. Abusiness
33、 Bstruggle Cattempt Dpressure 答案：D,14. reduce vt.&vi. 减小；降低 be reduced to doing sth.被迫做某事 reduce sb. to doing sth.迫使某人做；使某人不得不做 reduce sb. (from sth.) to. 把某人(从某级别或职位)降至 reduce sth. (from sth.) to.减少到 reduce sth. (from sth.) by.减少了 reduction n缩小，减少 make a reduction减价,解题警示 表示“减少到”用reduce to；表示“减少了”用r
34、educe by。 考试题 (2010河南省平顶山市)Oh, my God. The boss reduced my salaries _ at least 50 yuan last week. Really？I think you should ask him why. A. to B. by C. of D. about答案与解析：B 此题考查reduce by和reduce to的区别。reduce by意为“降低了”，reduce to意为“降低到”，由题意可知选B项。,预测题 Finally the farmer was reduced _ his land. Ato sell Bt
35、o have sold Cto selling Dselling 答案：C,15. stand vt.忍耐，忍受 cant stand sth./doing sth. 不能忍受(做)某事(用于否定句或疑问句中) stand sb. doing sth.忍受某人做某事 stand by袖手旁观 stand for代表，象征，意味着 stand out显著，显眼，突出,解题警示 stand表示“忍受”之意时，后面只能用名词或动词ing形式，不能跟不定式。avoid, miss, appreciate, permit, forbid, finish, mind, risk等词有相似用法。,考试题 (
36、湖北八校联考)Since most Antarctic rocks are dark in colour, they _ against the white background and are easy to identify. Astand up Bstand out Cmake out Dmake up 答案与解析：B 考查动词短语辨析。stand out突出，显眼；stand up站起来；经得住；make up组成；编造；make out辨认出；看出。句意：由于南极多数的岩石为黑色，因此在白色背景的映衬下非常显眼而且易于识别。,预测题 I cant stand _ with Jane
37、in the same office. She just refuses _ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop答案：C,16. prefer vt. 更喜欢，宁愿 prefer sth.更喜欢某物 prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事 prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事 prefer A to B与B相比更喜欢A prefer doing A to doing B宁愿做A，而不愿做B prefe
38、r sb. to do sth.宁愿某人做某事,解题警示 (1)prefer是“比较喜欢，更喜欢”的意思，即like better，因此就不能再与better, more等比较级词语连用。 (2)注意比较prefer to do.rather than do与would rather do. than do的搭配不同，rather than do也可放到句首。 (3)要注意prefer.to.中的to是介词，不要误用作不定式符号。 (4)prefer后接宾语从句时从句要用虚拟语气。这时要注意宾语从句的动词形式。,考试题 (郑州市)Which do you like better, the pl
39、ay or the film? I_the film. A. like B. enjoy C. prefer D. see 答案与解析：C 考查动词辨析。上句问“你是喜欢戏剧还是电影”，答语为“我更喜欢电影”。动词prefer呼应了前句的like better。,17support vt.& n支持；支撑；维持；搀扶 support sb. in sth.在某事中支持某人 in support(习语)后备的；准备给予支持的 in support of sb./sth. in favour of sb./sth. 支持或支援某人/某事,考试题 (2008稽阳联考)It is reported t
40、hat in Taiwan six young people in ten _ Ma Yingjiu. Asupport Bsupports Cfavors Dstand out答案与解析：A 句意：在台湾十分之六的年轻人支持马英九。本句话的主语是six young people in ten，是复数概念，谓语部分应用复数，故选A项。D项“突出，显眼”不合题意。,18. design n设计；图案；构思 vt.设计；计划；构思 by design故意地 design sth. for.指定某物作某用途 be designed for被打算用来做 be designed to do被打算做，目的
41、是做,解题警示 by accident/chance皆意为“偶然地”，与by design意思相反；on purpose与by design意思相同，均意为“故意地”。 预测题 Whether by accident or _ he arrived too late to help us. Apurpose Baim Cdesign Dchance答案：C,19. distance n距离 at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远 in the distance在远方 out of distance from离太远，达不到 keep sb. at a distance对冷淡，与疏远 ke
42、ep ones distance from与保持距离 distant adj.遥远的；远处的；久远的,20. at the moment此刻，目前 for the moment暂时 in a moment立刻 at any moment在任何时候，随时 for a moment一会儿 the moment (that)as soon as一就(连词) just a moment稍等片刻,考试题 (2010北京市朝阳区)Did you remember to give Jenny the money? Yes. _ I saw her, Im sure. A. So long as B. So
43、far as C. The moment D. Any time 答案与解析：C 此题考查从句的用法。你记着把钱给Jenny了吗？是的，我一见她(就给了)，我保证。the moment在此处作连词引导时间状语从句，相当于when。,用正确的介词填空 Wait _ a moment. He will be here _ a moment. He is not here _ the moment.,for,in,at,21. come up with提出(答案、办法等) come up (问题，困难)突然出现；开始影响 靠近，走近 (太阳)升起 come up to到达；达到 catch up w
44、ith追赶上 keep up with与并行，不被落下,考试题 (浙江)Ill be late home because something has just _ at work. A. come up B. turned out C. taken place D. brought about 答案与解析：A 本题考查动词短语的辨析。come up“发生，出现”，相当于happen; turn out“原来是，证明是”；take place“发生，进行”，多指人为安排计划的；bring about“导致，引起，造成”；故只有A项符合题意。,(2010北京市海淀区)Its always bett
45、er to tell the truth. Lies have a bad habit of _ you! A. catching up with B. calling on C. taking care of D. looking for 答案与解析：A 考查固定短语，catch up with意为“追上、赶上”。,预测题 Lets just play a game or something else. Sounds good, but give me a call before you come. My mom might try to _ something else for me to
46、 do. A. come up with B. come up C. catch up D. catch up with 答案：A,句 型 剖 析,1. What kind of lifestyle do you think the people have？你认为这些人会有什么样的生活方式？ 本句用到的句型为：特殊疑问词do you think/believe/imagine.其他。由于插入语的一般疑问句已经采用了疑问语序，故它后边的部分须用正常的陈述语序，这种结构被称为双重疑问句。常用于这种结构的动词有think，guess，suggest，suppose，hope，say，believe，imagine等。,
