1、Let There Be Peace on Earth,Yang lijun Faculty of College English Teaching,New Era Interactive English Level 4,Chapter 6,Teaching Arrangements,Reading Warm-up Activities Study of the Text Background Information Interpretation of important and difficult language points Writing Translation Assignment,
2、Warm-up questions:,Do you know anything about the Middle East? List some countries in the Middle East? Do you know anything about the “International Day of Peace”?,The Map of Jerusalem,Jerusalem,Jerusalem,Jerusalem,Jerusalem,21 September,In 1981 the United Nations General Assembly passed resolution
3、36/67 declaring an International Day of Peace. In 2001, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a new resolution 55/282 declaring 21 September of each year as the International Day of Peace,Seeds of Peace(abridged),Background Information: P L O,Background Information: Seeds of Peace,Seeds of Pea
4、ce works to secure lasting peace in the Middle East by bringing together Arab and Israeli teenagers, aged 13 to 15, before their fear, mistrust and prejudices have permanently shaped their vision of their “enemy”. Seeds of Peace begins where international agreements enddispelling fear in the hearts
5、and minds of the next generation and preparing them for the arduous task of peacemaking. By nurturing lasting friendships the program makes it possible for these youngsters to become the Seeds from which an enduring peace will grow.,James Baker,Bill Clinton,Yitzhak Rabin,George W. Bush,Jimmy Carter,
6、Yasser Arafat,Henry Kissinger,George Shultz,“Seeds of Peace brings tomorrows leaders together, changing minds and hearts one person at a time.“United States President George W. Bush,“The success of Seeds of Peace will mean a brighter future for the region and the world.“ Former United States Preside
7、nt William Jefferson Clinton,Language Study: Making Peace,1. Fences of superstition: 迷信思想的隔阂 superstition: an irrational belief that an object, an action, or a circumstance not logically related to a course of events influences its outcome.迷信。 fence: 栅栏; 围栏; 篱笆 Other usage: sit / be / stand on the f
8、ence undecided as to which of two sides to support; uncommitted or neutral. 未表态的或中立的; 观望形势, 抱骑墙态度; 踌躇; 犹豫未决,2. The same theme was echoed by ,theme: n.题目；主题；话题 E.g. Stamp collecting was the theme of his talk. 集邮是他谈话的主题。 A topic of discourse or discussion.题目论文或讨论的题目 echo: n.回声 the echoes of our voices
9、 我们的声音的回声 Vi. 发出回声；共鸣 Our voices echoed in the empty room. 我们的声音在空房间里回响。,3. initial:,adj. 开始的；最初的 the initial stages of an undertaking 一项事业的最初阶段 E.g. The initial talks were the base of the later agreement. 最初的会谈是后来达成协议的基础。n. 姓名起首的大写字母 Steven Lanes initials are S.L. Steven Lane这姓名的首字母是S.L.。,Language
10、Points: The seeds of Peace Program,4. foster:vt. 1).培养；助长 to foster an interest in music 培养对音乐的兴趣 Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help foster friendly relations between our two universities. 经常的文化交流肯定有助于发展我们两校之间的友好关系。2). 养育；抚养 We fostered the young girl while her mother was in hospital. 小女
11、孩的母亲住院期间我们照料她。,The aim is a simple one: to build friendships between teenagers who have been taught all their lives to hate and distrust one another, and to use these new friendships to foster communication, negotiation, and interchange so that they can better understand each others perspectives on
12、the important issues that divide them. (Line 31-35) 计划的目的很简单：在这些从小就被灌输彼此仇恨和猜疑的少年中间建立起友谊，让这些新的友谊促进他们彼此之间的沟通、协商、交流，从而使他们能够更好地理解各自对那些导致他们不和的重要问题的看法。,Seeds of Peace takes up where governments leave off, attempting to fulfill the hope of peace treaties that signed but that remain essentially pieces of pa
13、per. （Line 36-38）“和平的种子”承担起各国政府未完成的任务，力图将已经签署但仍停留在字面上的和平条约落到实处。,Seeds of Peace carries out a task that governments are neither equipped for nor very interested in: transforming the hopes for peace into a new reality on the ground among populations that have been taught for decades to distrust and ha
14、te one another. (Line 38-41) “和平的种子”执行的是一项各国政府既无力也无意去完成的任务：在那些数十年来被灌输以仇恨和猜疑的人们中间实现和平。,The aim in these first forty-eight hours together is to strike a balance between the serious emotional baggage the youngsters share and the need to let them get acquainted and begin fostering friendships across nat
15、ional lines. (Line 67-70) 这开始的48小时是为了少年们妥善处理感情的转变，以便卸下严重的感情包袱，开始相互认识，并培养跨越国界的友谊。,5. acquainted:,adj. Informed or familiar: 熟知的，熟悉的： E.g. Are you fully acquainted with the facts?你完全了解事实吗? 通知，告知： E.g. Please acquaint us with your plans.请告诉我们你的计划be (get) acquainted with 认识(某人); 熟悉(某事),Language Points:
16、Peace Between Peoples,6. be up to something: + n. / pron.忙于，从事于（坏事） e.g. What in the world are you up to?你到底在搞什么鬼？胜任： E.g. He didnt feel up to a long drive.她觉得开不了长途车。应由，轮到，取决于： E.g. Its up to him to finish the job.她理应完成这工作。,7. accord:,vt., vi.（常与with连用）一致；符合His opinion accorded with mine.他的意见与我的一致。W
17、hat you have just said does not accord with what we havelearned from the witnesses.你刚才说的和我们从目击者们那里了解到的不一致。（常与to连用）根据Most students study and rest according to schedules.大多数学生按照时间表作息。According to my watch it is already 12 oclock.根据我的表,现在已经是十二点了。 n. 一致, 符合, 调和, 协定,Writing,Strategy 1: Think about the pu
18、rpose for writing in a more focused way Strategy 2: Use library resources to make your essay stronger and more informative,Translation,Translation of Titles (标题翻译，画龙点睛)无论是文章、书籍，还是电影、戏剧，题目总是十分重要的，因为好的题目能画龙点睛。它们具备信息功能(提供文章或书的主要内容)、美感功能（简单、明了、新颖、醒目）与祈使功能（吸引读者阅读或购买）。它们可以直译，也可以意译。翻译时要考虑各成分之间的关系。,粮食生产与人口控
19、制（学术论文）Food Production and Conception Control析：原文中“粮食”与“人口”均为名词作定语分别修饰“生产”和“控制”。“人口控制”在中国指“计划生育”。英译汉完全对应。,开国大典 The Birth of New China析：该片以高超的艺术手法，将西柏坡至中华人民共和国成立的重要历史事件真实地展现在观众眼前，影片结尾才是开国大典的壮观场面，故不能按字面译为The Grand Ceremony of the Birth of New China.,Kick the TV Habit 戒掉电视瘾A Farewell to Arms 战地春梦Waterl
20、oo bridge 魂断蓝桥,Your Task,Review Unit 6 and Preview Unit 7 Finish the exercises Writing assignment:How to Resolve conflicts?,Thank You for Your Attention,Chapter 7 Saving the Planet,Yang lijun Faculty of College English Teaching,New Era Interactive English Level 4,Teaching Arrangements,Reading Warm-u
21、p Activities Study of the Text Interpretation of important and difficult language points Summary Writing Translation Assignment,Warm-up Activity,What do you already know about global warming?,El Nino,Flood,Typhoon and Hurricane,Polar bear,Vocabulary Check,Try to match the word with its meaning and t
22、hen check the answers.1. consensus a. person who has done wrong; offender 2. meteorological b. (of levels, or prices) move up and down; be irregular 3. culprit c. urge sb. or to do sth. on 4. feasible d. resist openly 5. discern e. inclined not to believe 6. fluctuate f. general agreement; collectiv
23、e opinion 7. skeptical g. those which are sent out or given off 8. emissions h. of meteorology (science of the weather) 9. spur (verb) i. see clearly (with the eyes or with the mind) 10. defy j. that which can be done,Two Different Assertions on Global Warming,Lee R. Raymonds Assertions: The world i
24、snt warming If it were, oil and gas wouldnt be the cause No one can predict the future temperature,IPCC Assertions: Temperatures are risingCarbon dioxide is the main cause of greenhouse effect by human activity IPCC predicts temperature could rise 2 to 6 F by 2100,Language study,1. Many others in in
25、dustry and government are skeptical of threats posed by global warming, 其他许多产业界和政界人士对全球气候变暖会带来威胁持怀疑态度(Para. 2, Reading 1)skeptical (sceptical) given to doubt; questioning 怀疑性的e.g. He listened to me with a skeptical expression. 2. Japan and Europe are pushing for even steeper cuts. 日本和欧洲正在敦促更大幅度地减少温室
26、气体的排放。(Para. 4, Reading 1)push sb. for sth. 催促某人(以获得某物)e.g. We are pushing them for an answer to our request.,3. Its a look at the state of the art. (Para. 7, Reading 1)这是对我们所了解的气候系统的最高水平的认识。state of the art advance or progress 进展情况e.g. Everybody seems to have experienced the state of the art of for
27、ecasting weather. 4. Literally thousands of people wind up reading these things(Para.7, Reading 1) 确有成千上万的人阅读了调查报告。wind up finish 结束, 完成e.g. Its time for him to wind up his speech.,5. thats what the IPCC was charged with studying(Para. 8, Reading 1) 这正是联合国政府间气候变化专门小组负责研究的。be charged with 交付责任e.g. He
28、 was charged with an important mission. 6. Leaping to cut this tiny sliver of the greenhouse pie defies common sense, (Para. 10, Reading 1) 仓促去纷争温室气体这块馅饼的小碎屑是有侼常识的, leap to do 仓促行事e.g. Dont leap to leave your seats before I wind up what I am saying.,7. The balance of evidence suggests a discernible
29、human influence on global climate, (Para. 11, Reading 1) 大部分的证据表明, 人类活动对于气候的影响是可辩的,balance 作为名词有 “大部分”的意思e.g. The balance of opinion is on my side. 8. But initial screening can now be done in a matter of days without using animals. (Para. 13, Reading 1) 但现在初期筛选只要几天时间就可完成, 而且不需要做动物实验。a matter of days
30、 / minutes etc. 仅仅几天/几分钟的事e.g. When someone dialed 110, the police arrived on the criminal spots just in a matter of minutes.,Comprehension of the text,1. What position does Exxons CEO take in this article?,The CEO of Exxon is skeptical that the world is warming or that oil and gas consumption is to
31、 blame if it is.,2. What position does the articles author take?,His position can be inferred as supporting the data that suggests human activity is warming the planet. He emphasizes that the consensus supports the role of industrial pollution in global warming.,3. What is IPCC? Who belongs to it?,T
32、he IPCC is the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It was formed by the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Program.,4. How do greenhouse gases affect the planet?,Greenhouse gases trap the suns heat resulting in higher average temperatures around the globe.,5.
33、 What do skeptics” say causes global warming? Why does the IPCC disagree?,Skeptics blame the greenhouse effect on carbon dioxide released from water vapor. The IPCC disagrees, having gathered evidence that suggests that human activity accounts for the 30% of carbon dioxide in atmosphere.,6. By how m
34、uch have temperatures risen since the 19th Century, according to the IPCC?,Since the 19th century, temperatures at the earths surface have risen about half a degree to1 degree F.,7. What a re the consequences of global warming?,Consequences of global warming including an additional temperature incre
35、ase of 2 to 6 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100, accompanied by a sea-level rise of 6 to 38 inches, an increase in extreme weather, and changes in frequency of flooding and drought.,Summary of Reading 1Global warming has become one of the most exhaustively debated subjects in science. The result is a solid
36、 consensus on the scientific facts. In December, 1997, 160 nations met in Kyoto, Japan, to consider a treaty designed to curb greenhouse gas emissions. The scientific consensus on global warming comes from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The basics of global warming are simple.
37、 So-called greenhouse gases-including carbon dioxide and methane-build up in the atmosphere. The implication is that temperatures are rising. The IPCC concluded that by 2100, temperatures could rise 2 to 6 degrees F; the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate; o
38、verall global agricultural production probably wont change; a possible increase in extreme weather could batter coastlines and cost lives.,Video Watching CNN: “Medicine Hunters”,Watch the CNN video about the medicine hunters. Discuss these questions with your class: Who are the medicine hunters? 2.
39、What is this pharmaceutical company doing? 3. Why are the rainforests so important? 4. What kinds of medicine are made from rainforest resources?,Writing,Strategy 1: Develop a clear point of view in your research writing to make it more interesting Strategy 2: Learn to write effective conclusions in
40、 order to make your writing more effective,Model writing:The sentences in most well written paragraphs may be analyzed into three general functions. First, there are paragraph introducers, which are sentences that establish the topic focus of the paragraph as a whole. Second, there are paragraph dev
41、elopers, which present examples or details of various kinds that support the ideas set forth by the paragraph introducers. Third, there are paragraph terminators, which logically conclude the ideas discussed in the paragraph in a psychologically satisfying manner. Not all pieces of writing will conf
42、orm to this analysis; however, most successful paragraphs usually contain some combination of these three sentence types.,Topic: The sentences in most well written paragraphs may be analyzed into three general functions. Development: a. paragraph introducersb. paragraph developersc. paragraph termin
43、ators Conclusion: Most successful paragraphs usually contain some combination of these three sentence types.,Coherence of writing,Gold, a precious metal, is popular for two important characteristics. First of all, gold has a shiny beauty that is resistant to rust. Therefore, it is suitable for jewel
44、ry, coins and decorations. Gold never needs to be polished and will remain beautiful forever. For example, a Greek coin remains unchanged in color although it was minted twenty-three centuries ago. Another important characteristic of gold is its usefulness to industry and science. For many years, it
45、 has been used in hundreds of industrial applications. The most recent use of gold is as heat shields in astronauts suits. In conclusion, gold is treasured not only for its beauty, but also for its utility.,Transition Words for Conclusionconsequently accordingly eventually as a consequence finally a
46、s a result above all at last at length by and large briefly hence in brief therefore in conclusion thus in short on the whole in sum to speak franklyin summary to sum up In a word to summarize,Translation: The Art of Cross-culture Comprehension,Translation involves two basic skills: ability to read
47、the source language and ability to write in the target language. How to bridge the inter-culture gap between the two languages is a touchy problem for most Chinese students, esp. in this cyberspace time. Only with the proficiency of the both can you be eligible to work them well.,Keys of Translation
48、 English to Chinese,Lets not be too quick to canonize Nike.Philip Knight, Nikes multibillionaire chairman and chief executive, managed to generate a lot of positive press recently when he announced that independent organizations would be allowed to inspect the overseas factories that make his compan
49、ys products, that he would toughen the health and safety standards in the factories, and that he would crack down on the use of child labor. There is both merit and a lot of smoke in Knights initiative.The admission into the plants of truly independent observers from local non-governmental organizations would be a great advance. If Knight follows through in good faith on this promise, the working conditions in the factories are likely to improve. And it will be substantially more difficult for other large apparel companies to resist similar pledges.,
