1、ProjectPreventing traffic accidents,Unit 4,What do the two pictures tell us?,Lets discuss the following questions:,What should you pay attention to when you go school by bike? What do you need to do to avoid accidents on your way to school on foot? If you are a bus driver, what do you think you shou
2、ld or shouldnt do when you drive students to their school? What are the possible reasons for the traffic accident? What do you think should be done to avoid a traffic accident?,Traffic Accidents and Road Safety,From the title, what information do you think the reading passage will give us? (the caus
3、es of traffic accidents and how to be safe on the road),Read the article carefully and find answers to the first four questions in Part B.,1. What are some of the causes of traffic accidents involving vehicles? 2. How do accidents involving bicycles happen? 3. If you are cycling at night, what shoul
4、d you always do? 4. What should all pedestrians do?,Answers: 1. Traffic accidents involving vehicles are mainly caused by drivers who make incorrect actions, such as not paying attention while driving, being impatient in a traffic jam, speaking in a mobile phone while driving, drinking alcohol, spee
5、ding and so on.,2. Accidents involving bicycles are usually caused because cyclists are not paying attention to the cars around them, or carrying a passenger. Sometimes accidents occur with bicycles when the brakes on their bicycles do not work properly or their bicycles do not use lights at night.,
6、3. There should be a light on the bicycle. 4. Pedestrians should always cross roads on a crossing. While crossing, they should look both ways and listen for cars.,Lets check your understanding of the reading passage by more questions.,1. What is the purpose of the notice? The notice is aimed at incr
7、easing peoples awareness of the traffic problem.,2. What is the most common cause of accidents? Drivers dont pay attention to it. 3. Why is it dangerous for drivers to speak on mobile phones? Because speaking on the phone requires concentration and takes a drivers attention from the road.,4. Can cyc
8、lists ride on the pavement? Why (not)? No, they cant. Because riding on the pavement can be dangerous to pedestrians. When on pavement, they should walk next to their bicycles.,5. What can we do to prevent accidents? Pedestrians, cyclists and drivers should all obey traffic lights and make sure that
9、 we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.,Read the article again and complete the following notes:,In order to prevent accidents, drivers should _;( pay attention to the surrounding traffic)_; (be patient in a traffic jam)_; (not speak on a mobile phone)_; (not drink alcohol)_;(not dri
10、ve too fast),In order to prevent accidents, cyclists should _;(always obey traffic laws)_; (pay attention to the cars that surround them)_;(not carry a passenger)_; (have a light on the bicycle at night)_; (keep the bicycle in good condition),In order to prevent accidents, pedestrians should_; (alwa
11、ys cross roads on a crossing)_; (never ignore traffic lights),Part B Work in groups of four or six to discuss the questions 5-8 in Part B. Write down your answers. Then one student from each group presents your answer to the class. Other groups can give your comments.,Exercises in class,Complete the
12、 sentences with proper words or phrases from the article on pages 62-63 of your book. Change the form where necessary.,1. There were 39, 000 new cases last year an _ of 7 per cent. 2. He is still standing under the tree, not _ the danger. 3. My father was _ for dangerous driving yesterday. 4. He has
13、 been _ from his job for dishonesty.,increase,aware of,fined,dismissed,5. It would be_ to ignore these warnings. 6. Leaving your house unlocked is an open _ to burglars. 7. The western part of China is in great _ of teachers. 8. Whenever you come into his room, it is always _.,irresponsible,invitati
14、on,need,orderly,9.I found it hard to follow what the teacher was saying, and eventually I lost _. 10. In _ cases, the disease can lead to blindness.,concentration,extreme,Language points,release v. 释放; 发布(新闻)release a prisoner/hostage释放囚犯人质Release a rat from a trap.把老鼠从老鼠夹上放走。最新的进展情况已向大众传媒发表。The lat
15、est developments have just been released to the media.release a film, book, record发行影片，书，唱片,arise,vi. 出现, 发生, 产生,引起,arose,arisen,Smoke arose from the chimney.烟从烟筒冒出来。A new difficulty has arisen.出现了新的困难。How did this quarrel arise?这场争吵是由于何种原因引起的?,疏忽大意往往会引起事故的发生。Accidents arise from carelessness.缺乏沟通会引
16、起误解。Misunderstandings arise from lack of communication.,arise from 由.而引起, 由.而产生; 从.中产生,aim,v. 对.瞄准, 打算n. 目标, 目的, 瞄准,aimataim atbe aimed at,aim ones gun at the enemy把枪瞄准敌人The factory must aim at developing new models of machines.该工厂必须致力于研制新型机器。,向.瞄准; 旨在, 针对; 志在,他的讲话旨在帮助那些残疾儿童。,His speech was aimed at
17、 helping those disabled children.,take aim (at) 瞄准,I aim to be a lawyer.我要当个律师。He aimed to swim a mile.他的目标是游一英里。,目标是以为目标,你生活的目的是什么?What is your aim in life?,His aim was to swim a mile.,aware,我甚至没有意识到他生病了。I wasnt even aware that he was ill.我突然意识到他在看着我。I suddenly became aware of (= started to notice)
18、 him looking at me.,be aware ofbe aware that,awareness n.,Environmental awareness has increased greatly over the past decade.在过去十年里,人们的环境意识极大地增加了。,potential,A number of potential buyers have expressed interest in the company.Many potential customers are waiting for a fall in price before buying cars
19、.,adj. 潜在的，可能的：潜伏的：,a potential problem.潜在的问题,be true of符合于., 对.适用a rule true of all cases一条适用于所有情况的规则come true(预言、梦想等)成为事实, 实现true to life/ history逼真/忠实于生活/历史(It is) true, but .果然不错, 但是.,This is true of everyone as accidents affect drivers of vehicles as well as cyclists and pedestrians. 这对于每个人都尤为重
20、要,因为事故不仅影响到车辆驾驶员,而且影响到骑自行车的人和行人。,我们得珍惜时间,这对每个人都很重要。Wed better cherish time, which is true of everyone.,v.包围, 围绕,surround,A wall surrounds the garden.一座墙围绕着花园。a city surrounded by suburbs被郊区包围着的城市,be surrounded with by 被.环绕着, 周围都是.,social surroundings社会环境railway surroundings铁路周围环境,adj.周围的,附近的n. pl. 周
21、围的事物, 环境,surrounding,周围的树木房屋the surrounding trees and houses近郊the surrounding country,Men tend to be more aggressive than women.男人比女人显得更加有闯劲。If I criticize him, he gets aggressive and starts shouting.如果我批评他,他就会变得好斗,开始大喊大叫。,aggressive,adj.好斗的, 敢作敢为的, 有闯劲的, 侵略性的,an aggressive foreign policyan aggressi
22、ve salesmanMartin is too aggressive.,侵略性的外交政策干劲很大的售货员马丁太盛气凌人。,overtake,v. overtook, overtaken追赶上; 超过; (暴风雨、麻烦等)突然侵袭,overtake another car超过另一辆车be overtaken by a storm突然受到暴风雨袭击be overtaken with terror被吓倒,A storm overtook the children.孩子们遇到了暴风雨。,vt., vi.处.以罚款 n. 罚款fine sb. for dangerous drivingHe was f
23、ined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。,fine,to pay a fine of $20付罚款20美元,consume,v. 消耗, 消费,烧掉,毁灭,耗费时间和精力consume time and energy他吃掉四个鸡蛋。 He consumed four eggs.烧掉整片森林consume whole forestsThe car consumes a lot of fuel.这辆车很费汽油。,consumer n.,vt. 违犯, 冒犯, 干扰, 侵犯,violate,viola
24、te our privacy.侵犯我们的隐私violate a law犯法The sound of guns violated the usual calm of Sunday morning.炮声破坏了平常星期日早晨的宁静。,violation n.,vt. 解雇,dismiss,The minister just laughed, and dismissed the idea as impossible. 部长认为那个想法是异想天开,因而一笑置之。dismiss fear from ones mind消除心里的恐惧The teacher dismissed the class five m
25、inutes earlier.老师提前5分钟下课了。He was dismissed from his job.他被解雇了。,安全驾驶的新规则适用于每个人(每个人都要遵守)。The new rules of safe driving applies to everyone.,2. 运用,Scientific discoveries are often applied to industrial production. 科学发现常常被运用于工业生产。,apply,1. 适用于,3. 申请,She has applied for a post in that company.她已经向那家公司申请一
26、个职位。,application,a coach-load of tourists一车的游客Good news took a load off my mind.这个好消息卸去了我心头的重担。,load a lorry up with pigs / load pigs onto a lorry把猪装近卡车里,be loaded with worries为烦恼所累,load v.&n.负荷,装载, 使担负,overload v.&n.使超载, 超过负荷,unload v. 卸货 ,摆脱.之负担, 倾销,unload the ship/ goods from the carunload her tr
27、ouble onto her mother把她的烦恼告诉她的母亲,overload the truck卡车超载,invitation n. 邀请,引诱,怂恿a letter of invitation邀请信send out invitations to a party发出宴会请贴An open window is an invitation to burglars.窗户开着会引贼入室。,inviting adj. 诱人的,an inviting meal/smile/place诱人的美餐动人的微笑吸引人的场所,； http:/ 体恒健官方商城 dvh39eyc 剑。”剑有双刃，不但对敌的那边会
28、见血，对着自己人的这边，也有可能会见血。刀只有单刃，刃锋对着敌人，刀背则宽厚无害。柳少姨娘表明，她不敢亲近明秀，怕热脸贴上去，一不小心还是被牺牲掉。她想攀附的，是一把刀，保证能拿无害的刀背对住她。“唯愿如少姨娘所祝。”宝音叹了一声。她们近了老太太院子，宝音忽问：“姨娘母亲如今还好么？”“她那次忽然病好之后，没过几年，忽然又意外死了。”柳少姨娘眉目不动。十月二十五，表姑娘来养病。十月二十六，石姑姑移花去寺祈福。十月二十七，大奶奶送参赞夫人同去太虚山别院玩秋。七姑娘来探病，妾身说表姑娘病还没好，怕要过人，七姑娘留下礼物，回去了。十一月三日，大老爷保荐学士，福家致贺。十一月四日，珞姑娘亲制汤饼奉老太
29、太，老太太亲口称许。十一月八日，七姑娘住进四姑娘院子，帮做针线。十一月十四日，二老爷怒五少爷，碎盆，遁虫。表姑娘病渐好。十一月十八日，秋闱放榜，大少爷高中桂榜第三名孝廉。十一月十九清晨，宝音一早梳洗整齐。乐韵、洛月左右侍候，连明雪也能帮上忙了。一头秀发，挽个双垂髻，榴红经纱在两侧抿成小小蝶形结，以玉珠嵌定，垂玳瑁梅花在眉梢，轻盈俏皮。她去给柳少姨娘请安。柳少姨娘在描画一双木屐，尺寸和明秀双足大小一样，圆头，高齿，黄桑木，彩帛系带，一只已经画好，是鹤，自由而优美的鹤，飞在青天中，曲过脖子来，似对什么恋恋不舍。柳少姨娘在画另一只。她画画从来不打草稿，落笔就是瓴子，很细致的翎子，硬而翘丽的话，是尾羽
30、，披着细细绒毛的话，是胸羽。不管从尾、还是从胸开始画，她笔下的鸟儿都不会变形。宝音盈盈拜倒：“多承少姨娘照顾。”柳少姨娘放下笔，回拜给她，头低到底，一点懒也没有偷：“姑娘今日大安了？”“是。”宝音道，“因此要去给奶奶请安。”“老太太见到姑娘康健，一定欢喜。”柳少姨娘道，“妾身正好这就出门给老太太请安，姑娘与妾身同去否？”“多谢少姨娘提契。笙儿愿与少姨娘同去。”宝音道。柳少姨娘起身整理裙裾。“少姨娘的字真不错。”宝音道。字？柳少姨娘现在画的是画，没有字。但柳少姨娘那寥寥数语的日记，在这二十多天里，“无意间”很方便的可以给宝音看见。一个写，一个看，达成了无声的默契。“妾的字是三少爷教的，妾临得不好。”柳少姨娘谦逊道，“说熟能生巧，我就每天随便写点身边琐事。”她记的是宝音身边的事。而且都是能勾出大事脉络的线索。石姑姑替明秀剔去了花卉，宝音的院子再度黯然了；大太太和唐静轩母亲处得不错，唐家婚事基本无虞；福家通过举荐苏大老爷学士，向苏家表明了姿态，福珞很可能进京陪伴明诗；明蕙在紧紧巴结明秀福,
