1、CET-4 翻译专题,题型 翻译分值占5%，内容为中翻英，该部分主要考核的是考生对英语中常见的短语或句型的掌握，而且该题为句子翻译，每句话都已给出了部分英文，考生只需将句后圆括号内的中文翻译成英文就行了。,翻译解题步骤,(一)理解即通读并透彻理解原文含义，包括理解出题人想考察的语法或搭配。语法如虚拟语气、倒装、不定式、分词、情态动词、各种从句等等;搭配如动宾搭配、介宾搭配等等。(二)翻译 确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词。(三)审核首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译;其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发现错误，及时改正。,
2、冲刺方略要备考翻译，还是需要做比较多细致的工作的。首先，大家应该重视语法结构和句型。 其次，应该重视搭配。记单词的时候要养成记搭配的习惯，尤其对于动词来说要这样，所以还需要大家自己在背单词的时候尽可能多记一些搭配, 以及掌握必要的翻译技巧。,Outline,翻译常考的语法点 翻译常考短语句型结构 常见翻译技巧,一.翻译常考语法点,1.倒装 2008年6月翻译真题第91题： _(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill. Key：直到才 not until, 置于句首时才倒装，Not until he accomplished / fini
3、shed the mission = It was not until he finished the mission that he realized that he was seriously ill.(强调) = He didnt realize that he was seriously ill until he finished the mission.,考点：以下词语用于倒装 一些表否定意义的词如seldom，in no way(决不)， 或者一些否定词开头的短语如not onlybut also； not until, no soonerthan; hardlywhen 一就 放
4、在句首时; 以only开头的副词，如Only by /through /in ., 放在句首时,eg: I seldom went home.=Seldom did I go home. eg: In no way can they leave freely. 他们决不能随便离开。 eg: No sooner the station than it began to rain.(一到达) (key : had I arrived at) eg: Hardly when the nurse rushed to carry him. (婴儿一哭)(key: had the baby cried),
5、Exercise,1 .Not only _ (他向我收费过高)but he didnt do a good repair. （key：did he charge me too much） 2 .模拟2-90： Under no circumstances .(你都不能告诉他这个秘密) （ key : can you tell him the secret） 3 .模拟5-90 He understood nothing, .( 也没尝试着去理解) （key : nor did he try to understand）,4. 模拟6-90 Not until he went abroad .
6、(他才知道了事情的真像) （key: did he know the truth of the fact.） 5. 模拟8-89 Not until they were twenty years old .(他们才再次相遇) （key : did they meet again.） 6. 模拟9-87 Only after they had performed hundreds of experiment .(他们才成功地解决了这个问题) （key : did they succeed in solving the problem.）,2. 非谓语动词（尤其分词作状语）,2008年6月第90题
7、： _(与我成长的地方相比) this town is more prosperous and exciting. key : 分词做状语要求其逻辑主语与句子主语一致 = If the town is compared with the place where I grew up, this town 用过去分词 compared; 即： Compared with the place where I grew up 注意，答案中除过去分词（compared with ）做伴随外，还含有where引导的定语从句。,考点： 分词做状语表原因伴随条件结果等，要求其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。 eg:
8、from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful. (seen, seeing) =If the city is seen from,the city. =Seeing from the top of the hill, we find the city beautiful.,分词doing的形式,Exercise,1.模拟5-87（好久没有收到父母的来信）， he became worried.(key: Not having heard from his parents for a long time）= Because he hadnt
9、 heard from,he became(动作先于谓语用完成式，因为否定前面加上not),3. 虚拟,2006年6月第89题： The professor required that （我们交研究报告） by Friday. Key: require that(should) do we (should) hand in our research report,2006年12月第89题： The victim (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. Key: 与过去相反，主句：would have done; 从句：had
10、done would have had a chance to survive/ of survival 2009年6月第88题： If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary (就不会被大雨淋了). Key: 与过去相反，主句：would have done; 从句：had done wouldnt have been caught by the rain,考点：虚拟用法 （一）that从句中用(should) do 1.由以下V引导的that从句中： 要求：ask, request, demand, desire；命令：order, decree; 决
11、定：decide, determine; 建议：suggest, advise, recommend, propose; insist eg: He insisted that I (should) not smoke. eg: He insisted that he didnt break the window.(坚持认定一个事实时不用虚拟),2. 由以下N 引导的同位语或者表语从句中：即以上动词的名词形式： ask, request, desire; suggestion, recommendation, proposal. eg: Your advice (that she wait t
12、ill next week) is reasonable. (同位语解释说明作用) eg: Our demand is (that another experience be made). (表语从句) 3. 由以下adj引导的that从句中： important, essential, vital; proper, improper, appropriate; impossible; natural, necessary eg: It was necessary that he leave immediately.,（二）一些表假设情况的虚拟eg: If I had arrived 5 mi
13、nutes earlier, I would have met the star.,（三）wish that-从句eg: I wish I hadnt said that. (我希望我没有说过那) would rather that-从句eg: Id rather you went home now. (与现在相反),（四） Its (high/about) time thatdid/ （should）do eg: Its time we held a meeting to discuss it.,Exercises,1.模拟2-89 It was essential that (这个问题必须
14、解决). (key: the problem (should) be solved.),2. 模拟5-91 If they hadnt saved us, we (在暴风雨里的河里淹死了) (key: 与过去情况相反，主句：would have done; 从句： had done would have been drown in the stormy river.) 3. 模拟6-89 If you (听从了我的劝告)， you would not be in trouble now. (key: 时态交叉-从句：过去相反-had done; 主句：现在相反would do had foll
15、owed may advice),4.定语从句,2007年6月第88题： The prevent and treatment of AIDS is (我们可以合作的领域). Key: 定语从句-先行词field，可用which/that, 还原：We can cooperate in this field. 介词提前时只能用which = in which we can cooperate=where we can cooperate. the field where/in which we can cooperate.,2008年12月第87题：Medical researchers are
16、 painfully aware that there are many problems _(他们至今还没有答案) Key : they still have no answers to the problems = which/that they still have no answers to = to which they still have no answers to which they still have no answers,考点： 定语从句 1)定语从句引导词三个功能缺一不可：引导定从，指代主句中的一个n/pron，在从句中充当一个成分。 2)引导词的省略：在从句中充当的
17、成分是宾语时 Eg: The book (that/which) he is reading is written by Li Ming. 3)定从介词提前的情况：指代人时：介词+whom; 指代事：介词+which. Eg: This is the house which/that Lu Xun used to live in.= This is the house in which Lu Xun used to live.,5. 比较级,2006年6月第90题： The more you explain, (我越糊涂) Key: the more, the more 结构(后一句中可倒装，
18、也可以不倒装) the more confused I am.,Exercise,1.模拟4-90（我们生产的粮食越多），the greater will be our achievement.(key: The more grain we produce) 2.模拟7-88 The less we fancy ourselves ill or bother about little bodily discomforts, (或许越有可能保持身体的健康). (key : 我们越少想着我们生病或抱怨身体不适，越有可能身体健康 比较级用法 the more likely perhaps we ar
19、e to preserve our health.),二.常考短语和句型结构,(一)历年真题翻译中常见短语 1. have trouble / difficulty (in) doing eg: 2009-6-87 Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had (很难跟上班上的学生) in math and English. (key: difficulty (in) keeping up with his classmates.),eg: 2006-6-87 Having spent some time
20、in the city, he had no trouble (找到去博物馆的路). (key: (in) finding the way to the museum.),2.be likely to do eg: 2009-6-89 It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are (更有可能增加体重). (key: more likely to put on/gain weight.),3.no matter 让步状从 eg: 2008-6-89 Leaving ones job, (无论是什么工作)， is a
21、difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring. (key: no matter what kind of job it is),eg: 2007-12-89 I am going to purchase this course, (无论我要作出什么样的牺牲). (key: no matter what sacrifices I will make),4.Thanks to/ owing to eg: 2007-12-87(多亏了一系列的新发明)， doctors can treat his disease succe
22、ssfully. (key: Thanks to/ Owing to a series of new inventions.),5.take into account/ consideration eg: 2007-6-87 The finding of this study failed to (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内). (key : take peoples sleep quality into account/ consideration.),6. might/may as well 不妨& may well 可能 eg: 模拟1-91 If you dont want to cli
23、mb the mountain with us, you (不妨在家看电视). (key: might as well watch TV at home.),7.to ones +表情感的名词 “令人” to ones surprise/ satisfaction/ disappointment/joy eg: 模拟4-89（使我们感到非常满意）， she enthusiastically approved of our plan. (key: Much to our satisfaction),短语总结,adhere to 忠于 98-6-70 after all 毕竟，归根结底 98-1-
24、66 at random 随机地，任意地 91-6-42；97-1-49 break out 突然发生，爆发 94-1-54 break up 打碎 00-1-68 but for 要不是 90-1-58； 95-6-46 by no means 决不，一点也不 96-6-70,catch on 理解，明白 99-1-42 catch up with 赶上 96-6-58 collide with 碰撞，冲突 01-1-57 come up with 想出，提出 96-1-69 comment on 评论 89-1-54 contrary to 与相反 98-1-65 contribute t
25、o 有助于，促成 91-6-50 cope with 应付，妥善处理 94-1-50； cut short 打断，制止 97-6-55,do away with 消灭，废除，去掉 95-1-51 do credit to 为带来光荣 93-1-55 due to 因为 91-6-52 go in for 从事，致力于 94-1-41；hang by a thread 千钧一发，岌岌可危 97-6-49 heap praise upon 对大加称赞 98-1-67 in accordance with 与一致，按照，根据 in between 在两者之间 90-1-45 in case of 防
26、备，以防 91-6-51 in honor of 为纪念 93-6-70 in response to 响应，反应 95-6-65 in terms of 根据，从方面来说 98-1-70； in that 因为 95-6-50；,keep off 远离，抑制 97-1-56 lay off （暂时）解雇 00-6-68 let alone 更不必说 97-6-65 look into 调查 90-1-53； 00-1-69 look on 看待 93-1-51 make sense of sth. 讲得通，言之有理 97-1-54 on no account 决不，绝对不 91-6-63 o
27、n the decline 衰落中，衰退中 96-6-57 out of stock 无现货的，脱销的 89-1-63 provided that 假如，若是 99-6-55 put away 放好，放起来 93-6-47,regardless of 不管，不顾 99-1-65 result in 导致，结果是 89-1-65 result in 发生，导致 98-1-64 see to 照料，注意 97-1-55 stand for 容忍，接受 93-1-60 take on 承担，接受 91-6-62 take over 接管，接收 95-6-64 take to 对产生好感，开始喜欢 9
28、3-6-58 that is 即，也就是 90-1-42 turn in 上交 00-6-67 turn out 生产出 91-6-53 turn to 求助于 93-1-69,ward off 防止，避开 01-1-49 with reference to 关于，有关 89-1-64；work out 想出，制订出 91-1-48 worth ones while 值得 95-1-52,（二）历年真题常考句型,1.祈使句名词and/ or eg: Work hard, and you will be able to reach your destination. 努力工作，你就能实现自己的目
29、标。,2. no more. than（与一样不）；前者不是正如后者也不是 eg: I am no more a scholar than he is a poet. 我不是学者，就像他不是诗人一样。 no more than 仅仅，不过是 eg: He is no more than a scholar. 他不过是个学者。 not more than 至多，不超过 eg: The new edition is not more expensive than the old edition. 新的版本最多不会比老版本贵。,3. Nothing is more. than（没有比更的；是最的）
30、eg: Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。4. may/ might as well（as）（与其还不如/不妨） eg: We may as well stay at home to watch TV since it is raining.,5. too. . . to（太而不能；极其地） eg: The box is not too heavy for her to carry. 6. only to find/ see（结果却；没想到会） eg: He arrived at the hote
31、l, only to find that the star had already left. 7. It is undoubted that/ There is no doubt that（毫无疑问，） eg: There is no doubt that war can be avoided if we get down to peace talk. 毫无疑问，如果我们肯认真和谈就能避免战争。,8.rather than（而不是） eg: Rather than pursue money to achieve happiness，we should focus on the improve
32、ment of ourselves. 我们应该集中精力改善自我，而不是追求金钱的享乐。 9.not. until（直到才） eg We cant release the film until we have the approval from the authority concerned. 直到获得有关当局的批准我们才能发行那部电影。,10. (The) chances are that（很可能） eg: Chances are that she has already known it.她很可能已经知道了。 11. It occurred to sb. that（突然想到） eg: It
33、had never occurred to Cinderella she would become a princess someday.Cinderella从来没有想到她会成为一位王妃。,12. It is taken for granted that/ We take it for granted（被认为是理所当然的） eg: It has been taken for granted that women should take on all the housework. 多年来人们一直认为女性做家务是理所当然的。 13. When it comes to.（提及，当提到的时候） eg:
34、 When it comes to physics, I know nothing. 谈到物理学，我一无所知。,14. be not much of a（是个不太好的） eg: Mike is not much of a teacher for he often skips from one subject to another. 麦克不是个好老师，因为他总是从一个话题跳转到另一个话题。 15. As far as sb.sth. be concerned（就而言，在看来） eg:As far as I am concerned, fashion belongs to women. 在我看来，时尚是属于女性的。,16. cannottoo+adj/adv; cannotadj/adv+enough 无论都不为过 eg: You cannot be too careful when you drive home. eg: You cannot pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.,Thank You!,
