1、英语四级写作,如何写高分四级作文,四级写作题目要 求：,Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of On Excessive Packaging. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:,1. 目前许多商品存在过多的包装现象； 2. 出现这一现象的原因； 3. 我对这一现象的看法和意见。,2012.6 四级考试写作题,四级作文特点：,1. 命题作文,2.
2、篇幅短小,3. 格式固化,四级考试作文主题特点及文体要求：,文体要求：记叙文，说明文，议论文，应用文及图表作文,主题内容特点：当前热点社会现象问题及校园相关主题。,1、论说文,对比论点型,问题分析解决型,2、应用文：书信、通知、演说词、广告、提议、报告等,3、图表作文,四级作文的万能结构,对作文主题进行简要陈述,对作文主题展开详细论述,主题 句,支撑句,理由支撑,数据支撑,举例支撑,结论句,对作文主题进行总结陈述,On Excessive Packaging,In recent years, with the economy growing, all kinds of goods are fl
3、owing into our life. The packaging of goods becomes more and more attracting to our eyes. However, the problem of excessive packaging has aroused peoples wide concern.,This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. For one thing, the business has seen through the mind of most consumers who are face
4、-saving, for they thought that the more beautiful the packaging of goods is, the more people like it. For another thing, excessive packaging can make the majority of merchants get high profit for the cheap commodity by improving price. Perhaps the primary reason lies in that the form far outweighs t
5、he content.,对作文主题excessive packing(过度包装）进行简要陈述,主题句,支撑句1,结论句,支撑句2,In my opinion, it is more advisable to focus on the quality of goods than to decorate its appearance. So, it is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation. Only in this way can we reduce unnecessary waste and
6、have a rational and pure shopping condition, making our money worthwhile.,表达自己的观点,提出建议，发出呼吁,思考以下两个作文题的结构：,TV Talent Show (电视选秀节目）2. Unhealthy Living Habits of College Students（大学生不健康的生活习惯）,四级作文结构技巧,根据题目所给提纲决定作文结构,Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled T
7、V Talent Show. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.,1、近年来电视选秀节目很普遍 2、有人赞成，有人反对 3、我认为,Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic Unhealthy Habits of College Students. You should write at least 120 words following the outl
8、ine given below in Chinese.1.部分大学生有不健康的生活习惯，例如：晚睡、过度消费、沉溺游戏。2.这种不健康生活习惯的危害3.如何纠正,观点对比型作文结构,开篇段： 陈述主题,TV Talent Show (电视选秀节目）,1、近年来电视选秀节目很普遍 2、有人赞成，有人反对 3、我认为,陈述主题常用句型：,2.There is a growing tendency nowadays that,3. The newly-coined word/phrase“”may by no means sound strange to most people in this da
9、y .,1.No one in China has failed to notice the phenomenon that ,4. Recently，the problem of “”has aroused wide concern among the public,5. There is a heated discussion whether ,提出存在不同观点常用句型:,1.Does anyone hold the same attitude towards this issue ? Definitely not，actually，opinions vary fromperson to
10、person.,2. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to ? Different people have different opinions.,3. However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it .,4. People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards ,5. It generates heate
11、d discussion.,思考写作第一段,No one in China has failed to notice the phenomenon that over the past couple of years, a variety of talent shows have emerged on TV channels across the nation, from Super Girls to Voice of China and so forth. This type of entertainment program is intensely popular, especially
12、among young people. However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it .,主体段：对主题展开详细论述,表达不同观点的常用句型：,1. Some maintain/argue/believe /claim that ,Other people ,however, take a different attitude. /hold different opinion.,2. On one hand, some people argued thatOn the othe
13、r hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion,3. Some individuals deem that Despite that， the majority of people uphold,4. Some people contend thatOn the other hand, there are also people who maintain that,5. Some people say that , while the others maintain the oth
14、er way round.,思考写作作文第二段,Some people believe that the TV talent show can change their fate. At least, they say, the program offer the opportunity to show and develop ones talents. On the contrary, a number of people hold negative attitude to TV talent shows. They maintain that the TV talent show toda
15、y is like a river that has risen to its flood level. It misleads the youth and makes them believe that they can make a fortune or become famous overnight. As a result, a great many students cant calm down to study.,结尾段：对主题讨论的小结,表达自己观点的常用句型：,For my part, I believe that,2. As for me, I am in favor of
16、the former/latter opinion.,3. However, other people, including myself, hold more attitudes towards ,4. As far as I am concerned, I ,5. From my point of view,思考写作第三段,As for me, I side with the former opinion. It is a wonderful feeling and a great way to relax for me to watch talent shows and see ordi
17、nary people like myself become famous and win cash prizes. As long as talent shows are entertaining and inspiring us, there is great sense in keeping and encouraging them.,结尾段一,For my part, I believe that the TV talent show is like a double-edged sword and it is important for us to face it properly.
18、 For one thing, the TV studios are supposed to offer more stimulating and favorable shows. For another, the media ought to give people proper guidance and refrain from exaggerating the effects of the show.,结尾段二,问题分析解决型作文结构,开篇段：陈述主题（提出问题）,陈述主题常用句型：,1.The past several years have witnessed a not uncomm
19、on phenomenon that,2. Nowadays, the phenomenon of has arouse wide concern among the public.,4. 更多句型参见观点对立型作文结构部分,Unhealthy Living Habits of College Students,1.部分大学生有不健康的生活习惯，例如：晚睡、过度消费、沉溺游戏。2.这种不健康生活习惯的危害3.如何纠正,3. It can be noticed that,It can be noticed that there are some unhealthy living habits a
20、mong young people, especially college students. Typical examples include staying up late, being addicted to games, consuming in an inappropriate way. Thus, due attention should be paid to students daily habits。,Nowadays, unhealthy living habits among young people, especially college students. arouse
21、 wide concern among the public. Typical examples include staying up late, being addicted to games, consuming in an inappropriate way.,开篇段一,开篇段二,There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous aspects. To start with, Furthermore, Finally,主体段：对主题进行详细论述（分析问题形成
22、原因 或带来的危害）,分析问题原因常用句型,2. Many factors contribute to the widespread of. First, Moreover, ,3. One of the most common factors /causes is that .Another contributing factor /cause is .,4. Ample reasons can account for this phenomenon，and the followings might be the most critical ones:Firstly,Secondly,5.
23、There are possibly two/three reasons contributing to this phenomenon. First, ,陈述弊端危害常用句型,1. it brought some unexpected problems. For one thing, Furthermore,2. Of course , it brings problems. For example,3. it can inevitably bring/generate some negative effects. To begin with,what is more,Apparently,
24、 these bad habits may generate negative impacts. To begin with, they may impair students physical health and psychological fitness. In addition, what worries many teachers is that they may also exert negative influences on students academic performance. To conclude, never can we turn a blind eye to
25、these phenomena.,结尾段：对主题讨论的小结（提出解决问 题的方法， 发出呼吁）,提出建议及发出呼吁的常用句型：,Effective measures should be adopted before things get worse. ,2. It is imperative for us to take effective measure to,3. It is high time that parents，educators，and the authorities make combined efforts to put an end to this situation.
26、,4. We should appeal to,5. It is essential that,结束句常用句型：,Only with these measures adopted can we put anend to this problem.,2. Only in this way can ,3. With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that this problem can be perfectly solved in the near future.,4. It is deeply-rooted i
27、n my mind that a happy and bright future is awaiting us if we make every effort to ,5.It is deeply-rooted in my mind that the world will be a more harmonious place for us to live in.,In view of the seriousness of this issue, it is time that we took effective measure. Firstly, it is suggested that un
28、iversities or colleges should cultivate students awareness of healthy living. Secondly, students themselves are well-advised to learn to regulate and control their own life appropriately. Only by doing so, can we hope to see the ideal scenes in which students enjoy their colorful and healthy life in
29、 Ivory Tower.,四级应用文写作,一、英文书信写作,1. 英文书信的格式,1 信头: 写信人的地址及写信的日期, 位于信纸第一页的 右上角,地址: 由小单位写到大单位 日期: 美式 月、日、年 英式：日、月、年,2 称呼,从左边顶格写起，自成一行，比信内地址低两行。,其开头词和专有名词的第一个字母还应大写。称谓后，一般用逗号,Dear + （头衔）姓 如：Dear Professor ChenDear Mr. Black Dear Mrs. Smith,关系比较亲密，可用My Dear,给某个机构或你不认识的人写信，则按如下称呼写：,Dear Sir/ Dear Sirs/ Dear
30、 Gentlemen Dear Madame/ Dear Ladies,To Whom It May Concern,Dear Sir/Madame,Dear + 名 如：Dear IsabelDear Andy,常见称呼：,3. 正文（Body）,通常在低于称呼一行处写起，每段开头要向后缩进五 个字母。,4.结尾谦辞（Complementary Close）,结尾谦辞指写信人对收信人的谦辞称，写在正文下第二、三行处，从信纸中间稍向右处或齐头左顶格写起，第一字母大写，末尾加逗号。,结尾谦辞根据通信人之间关系的亲疏恰当选择。,给上级，长辈，领导或业务书信常用： Yours truly, Trul
31、y yours, Yours sincerely, Sincerely yours, Yours faithfully, Faithfully yours,同事熟人之间私人书信常用： Sincerely yours, Yours ever sincerely, Yours affectionately, Yours ever,给亲戚或关系非常亲密的人信常用： Love, All my love, Your (ever) loving son/daughter/cousin, etc Your affectionate (or loving father/mother/sister/brothe
32、r,思考与写作：根据题目，按书信正确格式写出信头，称呼及结尾谦辞和署名,四级书信题目范例一,Directions: Write a letter of complaint according to the following situation: You bought an air conditioner in Sun Appliance and had it installed the other day, but you found that the fan made too much noise when the machine operated. You demand the stor
33、e to send a representative to check it up.,December 22 , 2012,Yours Sincerely,Li Ming,Dear Sir or Madam,英文书信内容结构,开篇段：,表明写信人的身份及写信目的，一般是寒暄或点明写信的目的；,常用句型：,I am writing for ,I am writing to,Many thanks for your letter of Nov.17，2012.,In reply to your letter dated 4th July, I want to say,思考写作信件的第一段,主体段（
34、信件正文）：,写信人的想法，请求等细节。叙述一封信的主要内容，要求写得具体明白。,思考写作信件主体部分 根据题目具体要求进行写作，注意分段。,You bought an air conditioner in Sun Appliance and had it installed the other day, but you found that the fan made too much noise when the machine operated. You demand the store to send a representative to check it up.,结尾段：向收信人表示
35、谢意、希望等 ，通常写一些表示祝愿、问候、感谢等结束敬语或希望之类的话语。,常用句型：,1. I hope to hear from you very soon.,2. Looking forward to your early reply,3. Your early reply will be highly appreciated.,4. I hope everything will be well with you .,5. With best regards to your family.,6. With love and good wishes.,思考写作信件结尾段,December
36、22 , 2012,Dear Sir or Madam,Im writing to lodge the complaint about the poor quality of an air conditioner that I purchased from Sun Appliance Company.,Frankly speaking, Sun Appliance has always been my favorite. On April 4, 2012, I bought the air conditioner (serial number 12345) from one of your c
37、hain store. The machine operated well at first, but ten days later, the fan made so much noise that I could not sleep well at night. Its poor quality ruined almost all my previous impression toward your products.,Yours Sincerely,Li Ming,I strongly suggest that a representative should be sent to chec
38、k it up without delay. I wonder if you could pinpoint the exact cause of the malfunction as soon as possible. If you cant, I am afraid that I will request for full amount of refund（退款） or a new air conditioner.,I would appreciate all your assistance in this matter. If you have any questions, please
39、dont hesitate to contact me. Look forward to your early reply.,二、非书信类应用文：通知，报告，演说词，海报，广告请假条，备忘录，启事，摘要等,遗失启事写作范例,Directions: Suppose you carelessly lost a Longman Modern English Dictionary in the reading room. Please write a notice of about 120 words, titled Lost,Lost,I was so careless that I lost a
40、copy of “Longman Modern English Dictionary” when studying in the reading room around 3 oclock pm. yesterday. You can find my name “Li Ming” on the cover. The dictionary is a dear gift of my best friend who is working overseas. If you are the kind finder, could you do me a favor to send it to the off
41、ice of the Foreign Languages Department or ring me up to fetch it back. My phone number is 12345. Ill be very grateful for your kindness.,Dec 16, 2010,Loser, Li Ming,图表作文,Direction: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers You should w
42、rite at least 100 words, and base your composition on the information given in the bar chart and the outline below:,1.下图所示为 1990 年、1995 年、2002 年某校大学生使 用计算机的情况,请描述其变化 2.请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明) 3.你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题,Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week,图表
43、作文结构,开篇段：描述说明图表同时点明图表所要表达的主题或说明的问题,主体段：分析图表（问题或现象出现的原因或后果）,结尾段：对图表主题进行总结（提出解决问题的办法、建议或展望）,开篇段：描述说明图表,介绍图表常用句型：,As is shown/described/illustrated/indicated/revealed in the cartoon/picture/graph/chart/table, .,2. According to the table.,3. As can be seen from the bar chart.,数据变化的表达方法,上升：increase/rise
44、/skyrocket /soar,下降：fall/ decline /jump,上升下降的程度: slightly /a little,sharply/dramatically/drastically,倍数表达 twice/three. times as many/much as.,分数表达 one fifth/a quarter/a third/a half of.,As can be seen from the bar chart ,great changes have taken place in student use of computers in the university. T
45、he hours the student spent on computers per week skyrocketed from about 2 in 1990 to 20 in 2000, more than 9 times higher. This rapid increase proves that students were in closer contact with computers.,主体段：分析图表（问题或现象出现的原因或后果）,There are several reasons for this. Firstly, computers facilitate us in m
46、ore aspects of life. Also, the fast developments of the Internet enlarges our demands for using computers. We can easily contact with friends in remote places through the Internet. Besides, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enables more students to purchase them.,主体段,However
47、, there still exist some problems, such as, poor quality, out of date designs and so on. And how to balance the time between using computers and studying is also a serious problem. Anyhow, we will benefit a lot from computers as long as we use them properly.,结尾段,高分四级作文标准,1、内容切题，结构清晰,2、言简意赅，逻辑性强,3、语言
48、规范，用词准确,4. 字迹清晰，标点正确,四级作文应试技巧,、内容切题，结构清晰审题透彻，拿到作文题目之后，先要仔细阅读题目及所给提纲，明确作文的类型，规划作文结构。,、言简意赅，逻辑性强）写作文时一定要段落清楚，有明显的开头，主体和结论部分。 切忌写流水帐，一段到底 。）使用一些句子之间以及引起和结束文章时候的连接词，这样的话可以使文章很自然，流畅。,、语言规范，避免语法错误）自己词汇不怎么多的时候，你不要用自己不明确和不会拼写的词 ）确保句子的正确性，即使你使用的简单句，但是写的很清楚，没任何错误，也可以得到不错的分数,4. 字迹清晰，标点正确保持卷面整洁，字写得尽可能漂亮，杜绝乱点标点的的坏习惯,论说文写作复习建议,1、阅读英文报刊杂志，积累写作素材，扩大词汇量,China Daily 21st Century,http:/ 研读范文,1）文章结构,2）每段首句,3）段落中句子之间的衔接,4）文章结尾句,5）摘抄好的词汇和短语句子,6）熟悉各种应用文的写作格式及用语特点。,Where there is a will, there is a way.God favors the mind who prepared.,在此处添加演示文稿标题,在此处添加演示文稿正文,在此处添加演示文稿正文,在此处添加演示文稿正文,
