1、Section A,The Tail of Fame,Proverbs about “fame”: Fame like a river is narrowest at its source and broadest afar off.名誉如河流，发源处最狭，愈远愈宽广。 A good name is better than riches. 好名誉胜过有财富。 A good name is sooner lost than won. 美誉难得而易失。 Fame is a magnifying glass. 名誉是放大镜。,I. Lead - in,Outline,1. Oral English
2、practice leading part2. Comprehensive reading questions3. Analysis of the text key points4. Practice and summary,Mermaid,The benefits of gaining a good fame :,A large number of economic income and a high material standard of living Be admired by public Have a good social status,Questions: Do you loo
3、k forward to be a man with a good fame, what do you need to do to chase the fame? 2. What will a person do who gains good fame?,The shortcomings of gaining a good fame :,No privacy No freedom One false step brings everlasting grief.,Questions: Is it worthwhile spending so much to chase the tail of f
4、ame?,II. Understanding,The passage is a piece of argumentation which tries to convince us that seeking fame sometimes leads to ones own destruction.,Structure Analysis,Argumentation,Conclusion,Para. 1,Supporting Details,Para. 2 8,Para. 9,Para. 1a An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his ow
5、n tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it. The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction.,The Tail of Success,3. Analysis of the text key points,名气之尾para.1 艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐
6、不知还能做些什么。成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。,Para. 2a “Dont quit your day job!” is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed. The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankru
7、pt.,Key and Difficult Sentences,Even under the most favorable circumstances, gaining fame is difficult, and in the end many artists fail emotionally even if they do not fail financially.,Paraphrase,追求出人头地，最乐观地说也是困难重重，许多人在最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。,1. An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own
8、tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it. (Para.1),Para. 2b Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on. The lure of drowning in fames imperial glory is not easily resisted.,Para. 2 对一名正努力追求
9、成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！”他们的担心不无道理。追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。享受成功的无上光荣，这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。,Para. 3a Those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of exploiting their talent for singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc. They develop a s
10、tyle that agents market aggressively to hasten popularity, and their ride on the express elevator to the top is a blur. Most would be hard-pressed to tell you how they even got there. Artists cannot remain idle, though.,Para. 3bWhen the performer, painter or writer becomes bored, their work begins t
11、o show a lack of continuity in its appeal and it becomes difficult to sustain the attention of the public. After their enthusiasm has dissolved, the public simply moves on to the next flavor of the month. Artists who do attempt to remian current by making even minute changes to their style of writin
12、g, dancing or singing, run a significant risk of losing the audiencefavor. The public simply discounts styles other than those for which the artist has become famous.,3. After their enthusiasm has dissolved, the public simply moves on to the next flavor of the month. (Para.3),dissolve本义是溶解的意思，这里意为消失
13、flavor of the month短暂的时髦(可以指人、无、想法等)Many youngsters tend to admire the glory of being a flavor of the month and that is really innocent!,公众的热情消磨之后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人.,Para. 3 成名者之所以成名，大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长，并能形成自己的风格。为了能迅速走红，经纪人会极力吹捧他们的这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。他们究竟是怎么成功的，大多数人也都说不上来。尽管如此，艺术家仍然不能闲下来。若表演者、
14、画家或作家感到厌烦，他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力，也就难以保持公众的注意力。公众的热情消磨以后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人。有些艺术家为了不落伍，会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动，但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾,Para. 4 Famous authors stylesa Tennessee Williams play or a plot by Ernest Hemingway or a poem by Robert Frost or T.S. Eliotare easily recognizable. The same is
15、true of painters like Monet, Renoir, or Dali and moviemakers like Hitchcock, Fellini, Spielberg, Chen Kaige or Zhang Yimou. Their distinct styles marked a significant change in form from others and gained them fame and fortune. However, they paid for it by giving up the freedom to express themselves
16、 with other styles or forms.,4. The same is true of painters like Monet, Renoir, or Dali and moviemakers Zhangyimou. (Para.4),同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。,The same is true of 这也同样适用于Those whose oral English are poor would adopt “practice makes perfect” . The same is true of
17、 those who do not read well.,5. However, they paid for it by giving up the freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms. (Para.4),Paraphrase,But they sacrificed freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms,但也让他们付出了代价，那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。,5. However, they paid for it by givi
18、ng up the freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms. (Para.4),Have a try,Sooner or later you will pay for your lazinessby working more hard to pass the make-up tests.,早晚你会为你的懒惰付出代价，那就是：你将会付出 更多的努力来通过补考。,To pay for sth. By doing sth else 为某事付出代价,Para. 4 知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来，如田纳西威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特海明
19、威的情节安排、罗伯特弗罗斯特或T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革，这让他们名利双收，但也让他们付出了代价，那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。,Para. 5 Fames spotlight can be hotter than a tropical junglea fraud is quickly exposed, and the pressure of so much attention is too much for mos
20、t to endure. It takes you out of yourself: You must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be. The performer, like the politician, must often please his or her audiences by saying things he or she does not mean or fully believe.,6. It takes you out of yourself: You must
21、be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be. (Para.5),Have a try,在那么一个粗心的教练指导下学车我简直是疯了！,It takes me out of mind to learn driving under the guide of an absent-minded coach.,It takes sb. out of 使得某人缺乏,Para. 5 名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿，过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那
22、个你，而不是真实的你或是可能的你。艺人，就像政客一样，必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。,Para. 6a One drop of fame will likely contaminate the entire well of a mans soul, and so an artist who remains true to himself or herself is particularly amazing. You would be hard-pressed to underline many names of those who have not compromised
23、 and still succeeded in the fame game. An example, the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde, known for his uncompromising behavior, both social and sexual, to which the public objected, paid heavily for remaining true to himself.,7. An example, the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde, known for his uncomprom
24、ising behavior, both social and sexual, to which the public objected, paid heavily for remaining true to himself.(Para.6),Paraphrase,The public disagreed with Oscar Wildes stubborn social and sexual behavior for which he became famous. And just because Oscar remained true to himself he suffered a lo
25、t.,一个例子就是爱尔兰著名的作家奥斯卡王尔德，他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对，却依然我行我素，他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。,7. An example, the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde, known for his uncompromising behavior, both social and sexual, to which the public objected, paid heavily for remaining true to himself.(Para.6),1. known for his unc
26、ompromising behavior 形容词词组作状语补充说明； 2. social and sexual形容词词组作后置定语修饰behavior; 3. to which the public objected非限制性定语从句修饰behavior. 4. payfor因为而付出,Para. 6b The mother of a young man Oscar was intimate with accused him at a banquet in front of his friends and fans of sexually influencing her son. Extreme
27、ly angered by her remarks, he sued the young mans mother, asserting that she had damaged his “good” name. He should have hired a better attorney, though. The judge did not second Wildes call to have the woman pay for damaging his name, and instead fined Wilde.,Para. 6cHe ended up in jail after refus
28、ing to pay, and even worse, was permanently expelled from the wider circle of public favor. When things were at their worst, he found that no one was willing to risk his or her name in his defense. His price for remaining true to himself was to be left alone when he needed his fans the most.,be true
29、 to,Para. 6 一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井，因此一个艺术家若能保持真我，会格外让人惊叹。你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协，却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜。一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡王尔德，他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对，却依然故我，他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。在一次宴会上，他一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面，指责他在性方面影响了她的儿子。他听了她的话以后大为光火，起诉了这个年轻人的母亲，声称她毁了自己的“好”名声。但是，他真该请一个更好的律师。,Para. 7Curiously enough, it is those who
30、fail that reap the greatest reward: freedom! They enjoy the freedom to express themselves in unique and original ways without fear of losing the support of fans. Failed artists may find comfort in knowing that many great artists never found fame until well after they had passed away or in knowing th
31、at they did not sell out. They may justify their failure by convincing themselves their genius is too sophisticated for contemporary audiences.,Para. 7 奇怪的是，收获最大的恰恰是失败者。他们收获了自由！他们可以自由地表达，独辟蹊径，不落窠臼，不用担心失去崇拜者的支持。失败的艺术家寻求安慰时，可以想想许多伟大的艺术家都是过世多年以后才成名，或是他们没有出卖自己。他们也可以为自己的失败辩解：自己的才华实在过于高深，不是当代听众或观众所理解得了的。,
32、Para. 8a Single-minded artists who continue their quest for fame even after failure might also like to know that failure has motivated some famous people to work even harder to succeed. Thomas Wolfe, the American novelist, had his first novel Look Homeward, Angel rejected 39 times before it was fina
33、lly published. Beethoven overcame his father, who did not believe that he had any potential as a musician, to become the greatest musician in the world.,Para. 8b And Pestalozzi, the famous Swiss educator in the 19th century, failed at every job he ever had until he came upon the idea of teaching chi
34、ldren and developing the fundamental theories to produce a new form of education. Thomas Edison was thrown out of school in the fourth grade, because he seemed to his teacher to be quite dull. Unfortunately for most people, however, failure is the end of their struggle, not the beginning.,Para 8,Gen
35、eral Statement,Single-minded artists who continue their quest for fame even after failure might know that,Supporting Details,3, Pestalozzi,2, Beethoven,1, Thomas Wolfe,4. Thomas Edison,A Concluding Sentence,Failure is the end of their struggle, not the beginning.,Para. 8 那些失败了却仍不肯放弃的顽固派也许会乐于知道，某些名人曾
36、经如何越挫越勇，直至成功。美国小说家托马斯伍尔芙的第一本小说向家乡看吧，安琪儿被拒39次后，才最终得以出版。贝多芬战胜了父亲认为他毫无音乐家潜质的偏见，成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。19世纪瑞士著名教育家裴斯泰洛齐原先干的工作没有一件成功，直到他想到去教小孩子，并研究出一种新型教育模式的基础理论。托马斯爱迪生在四年级时被赶出了学校，因为老师觉得他似乎太迟钝。但不幸的是，对大多数人而言，失败是奋斗的结束，而不是开始。,Supporting Details (Para. 2 8),Para. 9 I say to those who desperately seek fame and fortune:
37、 good luck. But alas, you may find that it was not what you wanted. The dog who catches his tail discovers that it is only a tail. The person who achieves success often discovers that it does more harm than good. So instead of trying so hard to achieve success, try to be happy with who you are and w
38、hat you do. Try to do work that you can be proud of. Maybe you wont be famous in your own lifetime, but you may create better art.,对那些孤注一掷的追名逐利之徒，我要说：祝你们好运。但是，遗憾的是，你会发现这不是你想要得到的。狗自逐其尾得到的只是一条尾巴而已。获得成功的人往往发现成功对他来说弊大于利。所以要为真实的你，为自己的所为感到高兴，而不是拼命去获得成功。做那些你为之感到骄傲的事情。可能在有生之年你默默无闻，但你可能创作了更好的艺术。,Idea conclus
39、ion,conclusion,Instead of trying so hard to achieve success, try to be happy with who you are and what you do.,Part III (Para.9),the cruelty of,e.g.,He is a cruel man and never show any mercy to the disabled.,The children had suffered cruelty and neglect.,cruelty,kindness,The cruelty of war is that
40、it destoys all the hopes.,战争的残酷在于它毁灭了所有的希望。,lead sb to,e.g.,The pursue of success may lead him to self-destruction.,adj. expect bad things would happen in the future,e.g.,He is so pessimistic about the peace progress.,pessimistic,Dont be so pessimisitc, life is full of hope.,optimistic,e.g.,This mee
41、ting is at best partially successful.,Chen Kaige is at best a second-class director.,Even when considered in the most positive way.,at best,e.g.,Most dieters end up putting weight back on. If he carries on driving like that, hell end up dead.,end up,以“一件事情，某个状态”结束，告终,e.g.,end up,+ with/ like 等介词,我不想
42、像父母一样过完自己的一生。,I dont want to end up like my parents.,那些吃了她卖得菠萝的人都得了严重的肠胃病。,Those who had eaten pineapple sold by her ended up with serious stomach illness.,motive,a reason for doing sth, nc.,e.g.,Was he motivated solely by a desire of power?The key to successful modern economy is a well-educated and
43、 motivated workforce.,motivate vt.,exploit vt.,e.g.,Homeworkers can easily be exploited by employers.,to treat someone unfairly, like asking them to do much work by giving them little money.,exploitation,e.g.,The controlled exploitation of natural resources could lead to sustainable development.,1.
44、剥削，压迫,2. 开发，开采,对自然资源的有节制开发能够促进可持续发展。,2. They develop a style that agents market aggressively to hasten popularity, and their ride on the express elevator to the top is a blur. (Para.3),Paraphrase,Their agents promote their unique style and make them popular quickly. And the process is just like ridi
45、ng an express elevator. So it is hard for people to figure out how they become popular so quickly!,为了能迅速走红，经纪人会极力吹捧他们的这种风格几近精神崩溃，他们青云直上的成名历程让人模糊不解。,2. They develop a style that agents market aggressively to hasten popularity, and their ride on the express elevator to the top is a blur. (Para.3),mark
46、et: vt. to promote aggressively: adv. exaggeratedly hasten popularity: makepopular quickly a blur: the state of being unclear to sb.,Have a try,我不清楚这件事情的经过。 The whole thing is a blur to me.,sustain , make sth continue. = maintain,She found it difficult to sustain the childrens interest.,e.g.,After t
47、heir enthusiasm has dissolved, the public simply moves on to the next flavor of the month.,After their enthusiasm has passed by, the public simply turn to pay attention to others.,Sugar dissolved in water.Dissolve the tablet in water.,dissolve,e.g.,The truth was known to no one other than Song Meili
48、ng herself.,other than = except,If it is the case, I can not do anything other than say sorry to you.,他不吃猪肉，但除此之外他什么都吃。,He doesnt eat pork, but other than that he just eats about anything.,7. An example, the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde, known for his uncompromising behavior, both social and sexu
49、al, to which the public objected, paid heavily for remaining true to himself.(Para.6),Paraphrase,The public disagreed with Oscar Wildes stubborn social and sexual behavior for which he became famous. And just because Oscar remained true to himself he suffered a lot.,一个例子就是爱尔兰著名的作家奥斯卡王尔德，他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对，却依然我行我素，他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。,The Picture of Dorian Gray 道林格雷的画像,Poems,Lady Windermeres Fan少奶奶的扇子,
