1、大学英语一,课件,Unit One,con centr ate (on) effective enlarge enjoybaleenjoy doing sth.,V.,together,center,en-: make,wide,widen,courage,encourage,Word formation,on campus / farm in detail on basis at fault,Unit One,Vocabulary: sustained: prolonged bound: sure, certain handle: deal with purchase: buy absorb
2、: take in by no means: not at all,e.g. Learning English is by no means easy. quite easy B. a little bit easy C. no easy at all D. firmly easy Learning English must pay sustained effort. contained B. frequent C. prolonged D. long,1. Can you turn the music down, please? I cant concentrate _ my work. A
3、. with B. to C. at D. for 2. Nowadays we _ more and more on computers to help us in doing everything. A. reliant B. rely C. reliance D. reliable 3. Reading is the main and most _ source of language input. A. reliable B. reliant C. reliance D. reliably 4. We always hold various cultural activities_ca
4、mpus A. in B. at C. over D. on 5. If you come to my office, Ill tell you the story _. A. at detail B. by detail C. for detail D. in detail,Unit One Exercise:,be interested in (sth. /V-ing) 对感兴趣 be good at (sth. /V-ing) 擅长于 practice + V-ing It pays to do sth. 做是有益处的,=valuable, worthwhile,史密斯太太对我抱怨说，她
5、经常发现与自己十六岁的女儿简直无法沟通。,complain to sb. that+从句/ about+名词（短语）,find it +a.+ to do sth.,impossible communicate with,six-year-old,daughter,Mrs. Smith complains to me that she always finds it impossible to communicate with her six-year-old daughter.,我认为我们在保护环境不受污染方面做得还不够。,believe,protectfrom,(is not )enoug
6、h,在方面（所）做得 What do to .,what we have done to protect environment from pollution,I believe what we have done to protect environment from pollution is not enough,做得还不够 havent done enough,在保护环境不受污染方面 to protect environment from pollution,I believe we havent done enough to protect environment from pollu
7、tion.,如果你们对这些学习策略有什么问题，请随便问我。我将更详细地进行讲解。,learning strategy,be free to do,explainin detail,If you have any questions on learning strategies, feel (be) free to ask me. I will explain it in detail,Unit Two,single-handed : by one person alone “-”连字符可将名词、动词、形容词连接在一起，构成形容词。连字符前后没有名词的数的存在。 e.g.a five years
8、 old girl a five-years-old girl a five-year-old girl ,Vocabulary,transatlantic a.: crossing the Atlantic Ocean Pacifictrans- : across, throughe.g. trans+port (港口） trans +late (language) determine v. : to decide, find outdetermined adj. : have strong will to do sth.e.g. He was determined to learn a s
9、econd language.,运输、交通,翻译,damage v./n. : harme.g. a serious damage to the carThe accident did very little damage to their car. attempt v. : make an effort, trye.g. I attempted to leave but was stopped.,Vocabulary,Vocabulary,dissuade v. : to persuade not to do sth.-suade- : advise, urgedis- : not per-
10、: completely, throughpersuade: to cause to do sth.dissuade from doing sth.e.g. The teacher dissuade us from giving up learning math.,Vocabulary,fortunately ad. : luckilyfortune n.: luckfortunate a. : lucky contact v. : get in touch with conquer v. : overcome undoubtedly ad.: certainly, without doubt
11、doubt n. : questionun- : note.g. That is undoubtedly true.,Text,give up: to stop doinge.g. Dont give up studying English.He gave up smoking three years ago. begin doing sth. / to do sth.,动作已进行,动作未开始,e.g. I began to study French now.I began studying English.注：这类动词有 stop, forget, remember, ect.,in spi
12、te of : althoughe.g. I went out in spite of the rain.c.f. In spite of 后接名词或名词短语，although 后接从句。e.g. Although hes old, he is very active.Hes very active in spite of his age.,“The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, during which he sailed round the treacherous Cape Horn.” by f
13、ar : much 用于修饰形容词最高级，或两者间的最高级。 （复习） 形容词的比较级和最高级。 比较级用于两者间进行比较。最高级表示三者或以上中的最高。 比较级一般在形容词后加-er, （三音节词在前加more).e.g. bigger more meaningful一般比较级前不能出现定冠词the. 最高级一般在形容词后加-est，(三音节词在前加most).通常在前要带the。e.g. the best the most meaningful,两者间的最高级 （the +比较级） e.g. He is taller than me. He is the taller of we two.
14、,Exercise He says you are _the best candidate. much B. more C. by far D. so far This problem is _ the more difficult of two. A. by far B. little C. far D. much,C,A,sothat /suchthat,so+ +thatsuch + + that,adj.adj.+a/an+n.,n. adj. + n. a/an + adj. +n.,such,that,so,B,that,that,such,He told us _funny st
15、ories _ we all laughed. (sothat/suchthat) He is _funny a man _ we all liked to play with him. (sothat/suchthat) It is _ a beautiful city _lots of people visit here. (sothat/suchthat)They hurried _ they might not miss the train.A. in order to B. so thatC. such that D. so as to,can not help doing sth.
16、 : cant keep from doing e.g. When I read the story, I cant help thinking of my days in college.,C,When the actor appeared on the stage, the audience cant help _.A. clap B. to clapC. clapping D. clapped,Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happen, the nearest person, unless there
17、 was,would be on an island 885,he could contact by radio,a ship nearby,miles away.,After succeeding是现在分词短语做时间状语，代替时间状语从句After Chichester succeeded in sailing round Cape Horn. They looked both ways before _ the street.A. crossed B. crossingC. being crossed D. having crossedAfter _to Sir Francis, I ma
18、de my decision/A. talked B. talking C. to talk D. talk,succeed in doing sth e.g. After succeeding in landing on George Island, the captain sent a radio message to the head quarter.,B,B,1.The student wrote a _report.A. ten pages B. ten-pagesC. ten-page D. ten-pages 2. Chichester took a _ voyage in 19
19、66.A. 28,500 miles B. 28,500-mileC. 28,500-miles D. 28,500-miles 3. Before _the concert, they had dinner.A. rest B. having rest C. resting D. rested,C,B,C,4._wealth, he is unhappy.A. in spite of B. AlthoughC. because D. Besides 5. _he is tall, he isnt a very good basketball player.A. Although B. Bec
20、auseC. In spite of D. So that 6. After _on the moon, human beings began to further the exploration of the out space. succeeded in stepping succeeding of stepping,A,A,C,C. succeeding in steppingD. succeed with stepping 7. On hearing his injury in the accident, he cant help _.A. to cry B. crying C. cr
21、y D. to cry 8. He made a careful study of the problem and _it within two days.A. answer B. solve C. find D. make,B,B,9. Ive decide to _a month to travel around London.A. put up B. set up C. set aside D. go over 10. Would you please _your name in the table?A. fill up B. fill in C. write out D. set as
22、ide 11. Concentrate _your work, or youll make mistakes.A. on B. at C. with D. to,C,B,A,rare a. :scare, not happening oftene.g. a rare eventthe rare air of the mountainsIts very rare for him to be late.aged a. : very olde.g. The sick and the aged need our help.content a. : satisfied; pleased; happye.
23、g. Mary seems content to attend the party,content a.: satisfied primary a. : first, earliestprim-: initial, first the earliest primacy n. 首位，首要(性质，地位） minor: less important, not seriouse.g. The young actress was given a minor part in the new play.,arrange v.: to plan or agree in advancee.g. We have
24、arranged a taxi (for us).We arranged to meet him tomorrow.arrange for sb. to do sth. : make sth. happene.g. Ive arranged for him / car to meet you at the airport.,decade : ten years endure: bear, suffer extra adj. : additional : extra charge disappointment n.: sadnessa(p) + point v. reluctantly ad.
25、: unwillinglye.g. He reluctantly to made a promise.In the end, he reluctantly to go with us.,until 的用法一直持续的动作+ until +转择点 e.g. He was asleep until 9. He is short and fat until he was 19.They didnt stopped working until it became completely dark.Keeping driving straight on until you get to the hospit
26、al, then turn left.,until 的强调用法,It be not until thate.g. It was _ the 18th century that man realized that the brain controlled our thinking.A. until B. not until C. not till D. till Not untile.g. Not until midnight did he fall asleep.Not until recently _ much about lung cancer. scientist know B. did
27、 scientist knew C. did scientist know D. scientist knew,B,C,现在分词和过去分词均可充当形容词和副词，其道修饰，限定的作用。V-ing / Ved 修饰名词，起到形容词作用。 e.g. a broken glass ( glass was broken)a falling leaf (the leaf felt)an interesting story. (story interests others)an interested person ( sb. be interested in sth.),e.g. My father is
28、_ at my performance.(satisfy)He got a _ performance in the test.(satisfy)He felt _, when he found Tom wasnt here. (disappoint)The book is _. The ending is a shit.(disappoint)The film is _, We are all _.(excite),satisfied,satisfying,disappointed,disappointing,exciting,excited,excite v.令人兴奋 exciting a
29、.(主动）：令人兴奋的（多用于修饰事物） excited a. (被动）：感到兴奋的（多用于修饰人） great _(a.+n.) (excitement) he was too_to (be+a.) ( excited) (report) was really _ (be+a.) （exciting) fluttered _(v.+adv.) (excitedly) News of victory _everybody (excites) What are you so _about ? (excited),disappointv. -ment n. -ed.a. -ing a.,He wa
30、s very much _(be+a.) (disappointed) The weather has been _(be+a.) (disappointing) The book _me. (disappoint) great_(disappointment) a very _look when Tom told him Mary was not coming. (disappointed),虚拟语气,在条件句中的用法：由if引导的非真实条件状语从句（即对条件状语的假设），其主句和从句的谓语动词形式都需根据虚拟语气的要求发生变化。,省略if的情况,带有were, should, had的if
31、 从句，可将were, should, had 前置到主语之前，省略if。 e.g. If I were you, I wouldnt do like that.Were I you, I wouldnt do like that.Had I visited the town, I _ the history of it. would know B. will know C. would have known D. have kown,表示建议【suggest, advise, propose, recommend等】、命令【order, demand, require, request等】、
32、个人主观意愿【insist（坚决要求）, prefer等】的词后的从句中使用（should）+动词原形。 注意： insist 表示坚持认为时，不用虚拟语气。,e.g. The suggestion that colleges _administrated by professors was approved by the board. 【06试题】 A. is B. are C. be D. were,e.g. Out headmaster insists we _ this project by Friday. must finish B. will finish C. finish D.
33、 finishesShe insists she _right. A. were B. be C. would be D. is,在主语从句中，在It is important, necessary, natural, essential, strange, impossible, preferable, desirable等）that从句结构中，that引导的真实主语从句的谓语动词用“should原型动词”，其中should通常可以省略，直接用原型动词。e.g. It is essential that all the reports to be published _twice. 【08试
34、题】 be checked B. would be checked C. were checked D. will be checked,wish（但愿）后的从句中使用虚拟语气。现在或将来的愿望，宾语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时（be-were,情态动词用过去式+V原形）； 过去的愿望用过去完成时态。e.g. I wish I _in the sun by a swimming pool instead of sitting in this classroom. have lain B. were lying C. lay D. lie 【08试题】,as if 后通常使用虚拟语气，可针对现在，
35、过去发生的事情进行虚拟。针对现在虚拟，从句使用一般过去时，系动词只有were一种形式。 针对过去虚拟，从句使用过去完成时。e.g. I feel/ felt as if I had flied like a bird.He jumped back as if he had been stung.She looks as if she never had a decent meal.,特殊用法,在would/had rather 结构（Id rather较多见）中，rather后的从句的谓语动词用过去时态表示虚拟语气。 e.g. Id rather you didnt take that boo
36、k out of the office. 在Its（high）time that结构中，that从句的谓语动词用一般过去时表示虚拟语气，该结构通常是对将来情况的虚拟。 e.g. It is high time that we took measures to protect our environmentIt+be+序数词+time (that) 动词使用完成时态is have+V过去分词was had+V过去分词,由少数介词，如but for（要不是），but that (要不是，后接从句）， otherwise(否则）;without; with等引导的介词短语用在句子中的时候，表示一种虚
37、拟情况，其句子谓语动词形式要用虚拟语气。 e.g. _ your defense he would have been given a sentence of 10 years. 【08试题】 Except for B. Because of C. In spite of D. But for,Had I know it, I _ you. have told B. and told C. wouldnt be told D. would have told 2. I suggest that we _ tomorrow. must go camping B. go to camping C.
38、 go camping D. would go camping 3. Without computer, we _ tremendous medical advancement in the last few decades. would not make B. will not have made C. could not make D. shouldnt have made 4. He talks as if he _ the incident. had witnessed B. witnessed witness D. have witnessed 5. Dont you think i
39、t is time that you _ smoking? A. give up B. would give up C. gave up D. must give up,6. Mother insisted that we _back before 6 in the evening. A. would be B. must be C. be D. have to be 7. Jim propose we _the Great Wall tomorrow. A. will visit B. visit C. ought to visit D. visited 8. It is his propo
40、sal that we _ the plan next week.A. would carry out B. have to carry outC. are going to carry out D. should carry out 9. I wish you _me yesterday. tell B. could tell C. would tell D. had told 10. _the storm, we should have reached our destination. A. For but B. But for C. In spite of D. In case of,1
41、1. If you _ that late movie last night, you wouldnt be dozy now. havent watched B. didnt watch C. hadnt watched D. wouldnt have watched 12. She insisted that what she had done _ right. was B. is C. be D. had been 13. _ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now. Had it not been
42、 B. Werent it It were not D. Had not it been 14. It is important that you _ to the dean before leaving for your vacation. speak B. spoken C. have spoken D. speaks 15. It is strange that such a thing _ in your company. A. will happen B. happens C. happened D. should happen,从句,名词性从句：充当主语、表语或宾语 形容词性从句：
43、修饰、限定名词 状语从句：表示时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、让步等。,从句的界定由其所处的位置即可确定。名词从句位于谓语动词前、后。形容词性从句位于名词之后，对名词进行修饰和限定。,名词性从句,What worries me is how we can pay for all the debts. He couldnt remember what the formula was. 名词性从句连接词通常为对从句部分提问的疑问词。如果对从句无疑问可用that 连接。 e.g. _ we shall bend this material into a ring is not yet decided.
44、 A. Which B. Where C. Why D. Who,B,形容词性从句,关系代词人 who (主格） whom (宾格）物 which 所属关系 whose 关系副词时间 when地点 where原因 why,1. The work is easy for an expert, while it is difficult for an _ person. Inexperienced B. experienced C. experience D. inexperience 2. For most of us, _ is really an unforgettable time of
45、life. A. childhood B. child C. childish D. childishly 3. My most _moment was when I tried to introduce her but couldnt remember her name. A. Embarrassment B. embarrassed C. embarrassing D. embarrass 4. Please turn your music down . its very _. A. distraction B. distract C. distracting D. distraceted
46、 5. We must take _ to deal with the problem before it spreads to other areas. A. act B. action C. acting D. activity,A,A,B,C,B,6. The _horse ran away from the fire. A. Frighten B. frightening C. frightened D. frightly 7. The book _ by the famous writer is being printed at the factory. A. wrote B. wr
47、ite C. written D. writing 8. I spent an hour at the station _ the train. A. wait B. waiting C. wait for D. waiting for 9. He lives on a _island, but he never feels _. lonely, lonely B. alone, lonely C. lone, lonely D. alone, lone 10. He went to the concert with much _ because he doesnt like pop music at all. reluctant B. reluctance C. reluctantly D. reluctances,C,
