1、Unit 8 Biology and Our Life,Learning objectives,In this unit, you will: 1. learn about the opportunities and challenges in applied biotechnology; 2. familiarize yourself with the words, expressions, and sentence patterns related to the theme of the unit; 3. apply these words, expressions, and senten
2、ce patterns correctly; 4. research biotechnology; 5. give an oral presentation to the class about biotechnology; 6. learn to write personal statement.,Part I Approaching the Topic,Part II Understanding the Text,Part III Doing Tasks,Part IV Integrated Exercises,Part V Writing Strategy,Part I Approach
3、ing the Topic,Task 1 Brainstorming,Task 2 Surfing and Reporting,Task 3 Watching and Retelling,Task 4 Vocabulary Preview,1. Discuss the pictures above with your partner and make a list of no less than 10 words to use to discuss cloning.2. How much do you know about genetic engineering?3. Is human clo
4、ning possible? Why or why not?,Task 1 Brainstorming,Unit 8 Part I Task 1,1. Work in groups and find information on the Internet about the following terms. Present your research to the class, optionally using PowerPoint.,Task 2 Surfing and Reporting,Unit 8 Part I Task 2,Web resources http:/en.wikiped
5、ia.org/wiki/Main_Page http:/ http:/www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/ http:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon,Answers for reference:,Unit 8 Part I Task 2,2. After the first mammal Dolly was cloned, many other species have been cloned. Though these animals are, in a way, different from traditionally born anima
6、ls, the significance of their birth cannot be ignored. Find detailed information about these animals, and then present your research to the class, optionally using PowerPoint.,Unit 8 Part I Task 2,Unit 8 Part I Task 2,The cell used as the donor for the cloning of Dolly was taken from a mammary gland
7、, and the production of a healthy clone therefore proved that a cell taken from a specific part of the body could recreate a whole individual. It had created some impacts in the political, legal, and ethical worlds.,5 July 1996,Roslin Institute near Edinburgh in Scotland,Unit 8 Part I Task 2,It made
8、 it possible to clone the dead and the extinct.,4 November 2008,Japan,14 February, 2002,America,The cat CC was cloned from a cumulus cell, which is more plausible for clone thus helps to preserve the endangered species.,Unit 8 Part I Task 2,There are human diseases for which we have dog models. It w
9、ould be of great benefit to have multiple genetically identical animals to study the pathogenesis and treatment of these diseases. Inherited diseases, for example are a serious problem in purebred dogs. Many are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, and having clones will enable scie
10、ntists to tease apart these factors.,24 April , 2005,South Korea,Unit 8 Part I Task 2,The success of cloning a monkey embryo increased the likelihood of cloning human beings which aroused more debates on the moral and legal implications of cloning human beings.,13 November, 2007,America,Task 3 Watch
11、ing and Retelling,1. Watch the video clip “The Generous Biotech Crops”. Use the glossary below for reference.,Unit 8 Part I Task 3,2. Watch the clip again and indicate which statements are true or false.,Unit 8 Part I Task 3,1) The increased use of biotech crops has benefited both farmers and consum
12、ers. 2) The area of tropical forests is disappearing rapidly every year in each country. 3) The new technology decreases pesticide use in order to save water and CO2. 4) Compared with other benefits, biotech crops social benefits are not so obvious.,F,_,T,_,F,_,F,_,3. Watch the video again and then
13、discuss the main idea with the group., ,【Script】,Unit 8 Part I Task 3,Script,Unit 8 Part I Task 3,Task 4 Vocabulary Preview,Read the words and phrases below, paying attention to the pronunciation. Put a check mark () next to all known words. Try to understand unfamiliar words from context.,Glossary
14、for Main Reading,Unit 8 Part I Task 4,Unit 8 Part I Task 4,Unit 8 Part I Task 4,Glossary for Related Reading,Unit 8 Part I Task 4,Unit 8 Part I Task 4,Unit 8 Part I Task 4,Part II Understanding the Text,Main Reading,Related Reading,Part II Understanding the Text,Main Reading,Text-Related Information
15、,Text Analysis,Language Points,Translation of the Texts,Tasks,Text-Related Information,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,UNESCO,Text Analysis,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,Language Points,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,1. With that growth comes the challenge of producing enough food to meet the demands of the
16、world people and an even greater challenge of producing it in a way that conserves the biodiversity and other natural resources on which societies depend. (L2),Paraphrase:,The world population has been growing very quickly and people face the challenge of producing enough food to feed everyone. Peop
17、le also face an even greater challenge: they must protect biodiversity and other natural resources, since they depend upon them.,【译文】,随着人口的增长而来的挑战是要生产足够的食物来满足世界人口的需要。而如何生产才能保护生物多样性和社会所依赖的其他资源则是更大的挑战。,2. Today, with finite acreage of high-quality agricultural land on which to grow food, biotechnology
18、 has emerged as a potential tool for overcoming the current limitations on food production. (L14),Paraphrase:,Today, good agricultural land for growing food is limited. Biotechnology is a potential way to solve the problem.,【译文】,种植粮食的高质量耕地面积有限，生物技术已经成为解决目前食物生产限制的潜在工具。,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,Uni
19、t 8 Part II Main Reading,the act or process of combining two or more things so that they work together,The artistic aspiration of the integration between rites and music is the integration of content and form, reason and feelings, moral ethics and aesthetic views.Multimedia must have three important
20、 characteristics at the same time. The first is integration. It means the integration of information display of more than three media and the combination of audiovisual equipment and software and hardware.,e.g.,3. integration (L30) n.,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,to succeed in doing or completing sth
21、,First identify what it is you want to accomplish, then note the steps you would take to accomplish it.I have confidence that we are able to accomplish our mission, and to accomplish it well.,e.g.,4. accomplish (L33) v.,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,This disease is surprisingly difficult to catch as m
22、ost people have a natural resistance to it.,e.g.,5. resistance (L51) n.,1) the power to remain unharmed or unaffected by germs or diseases,As with all new ideas it met with resistance.There has been considerable resistance to this new law.Resistance to change has nearly destroyed the industry.,e.g.,
23、2) (to sb/sth) dislike of or opposition to a plan or an idea; refusal to obey,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,armed resistanceThe defenders put up a strong resistance.The demonstrators offered little or no resistance to the police.,e.g.,3) (to sb/sth) the act of using force to oppose sb/sth,high wind re
24、sistance (= in the design of planes or cars),e.g.,4) (to sth) a force that stops sth moving or makes it move more slowly,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,An electric resistance heating element may be defined as: an assembly consisting of a resistance wire, insulated supports, and terminals for connecting
25、 the electrical supply wire to the resistance wire.,e.g.,5) U, C (physics) (Symbol R) the state of not conducting heat or electricity; a measurement of this,resistance fighters / forces,e.g.,6) (often the Resistance) a secret organization that resists the authorities, especially in a country in whic
26、h an enemy has control,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law. Nevertheless, it is important that we try.Our defeat was expected but it is disappointing nevertheless.The old system had its flaws, but nevertheless it was preferable to the new one.,
27、e.g.,6. nevertheless (L68) ad.,in spite of sth that one has just mentioned:,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,The traditional method of pick and shovel to extract coal is still used in some remote areas of the country.Citric acid can be extracted from the juice of oranges, lemons, limes or grapefruit.,e.g
28、.,7. extract (L93)v.,1) To extract a substance means to obtain it from something else, for example by using industrial or chemical processes.,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,He extracted a small notebook from his hip pocket.Patterson went straight to the liquor cabinet and extracted a bottle of Scotch.,
29、e.g.,2) If one extracts something from a place, one takes it out or pull it out.,A dentist may decide to extract the tooth to prevent recurrent trouble.She is to go and have a tooth extracted at 3 oclock today.,e.g.,3) When a dentist extracts a tooth, he removes it from the patients mouth.,Unit 8 Pa
30、rt II Main Reading,He sought to extracts the maximum political advantage from the cut in interest rates.,e.g.,4) If one says that someone extracts something, one disapproves of them because they take it for themselves to gain an advantage.,He made the mistake of trying to extract further information
31、 from our director.,e.g.,5) If one extracts information or a response from someone, one gets it from them with difficulty, because they are unwilling to say or do what one wants.,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,Ive simply extracted a few figures.Britains trade figures can no longer be extracted from exp
32、ort-and-import documentation at ports.,e.g.,6) If one extracts a particular piece of information, one obtains it from a larger amount or source of information.,This material has been extracted from Collins Good Wood Handbook.,e.g.,7) (JOURNALISM) If part of a book or text is extracted from a particu
33、lar book, it is printed or published.,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,Read this extract from an information booklet about the work of an airline cabin crew.= excerpt,e.g.,n.,1) An extract from a book or piece of writing is a small part of it that is printed or published separately.,Blend in the lemon ex
34、tract, lemon peel and walnuts.,e.g.,2) An extract is a substance that has been obtained from something else, for example by means of a chemical or industrial process.,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,8. concentrate (L93) v.,1) If one concentrates on something, or concentrate ones mind on it, one gives al
35、l of ones attention to it.,It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.At work you need to be able to concentrate.This helps you to be aware of time and concentrates your mind on the immediate task.,e.g.,2) If something is concentrated in an area, it is all there rat
36、her than being spread around.,Most development has been concentrated in and around cities.,e.g.,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,3) If one says that an unpleasant fact or situation concentrates someones mind, one means that it makes them think clearly, because they are aware of the serious consequences i
37、f they do not.,A term in prison will concentrate his mind wonderfully.,e.g.,n.Concentrate is a liquid or substance from which water has been removed in order to make it stronger, or to make it easier to store.,orange juice made from concentrate,e.g.,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,9. inhibit (L100) v.,T
38、he high cost of borrowing is inhibiting investment by industry in new equipment.,e.g.,1) If something inhibits an event or process, it prevents it or slows it down.,It could inhibit the poor from getting the medical care they need.,e.g.,2) To inhibit someone from doing something means to prevent the
39、m from doing it, although they want to do it or should be able to do it.,Translation of the Texts,For Main Reading,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,Task 1 Guessing Meaning from Context,Guess the meaning of the following words and phrases from context. The letter in the parentheses refers to the paragraph
40、 in which the word can be found. Choose which meaning best fits the word.,Task,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,c,_,h,_,j,_,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,i,_,a,_,e,_,d,_,b,_,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,f,_,g,_,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,a,_,l,_,b,_,n,_,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,c,_,d,_,o,_,g,_,e,_,h,_,U
41、nit 8 Part II Main Reading,f,_,m,_,i,_,j,_,k,_,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,e,_,a,_,b,_,c,_,d,_,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,c,_,a,_,b,_,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,b,_,a,_,Task 2 Understanding Main Ideas and Important Details in the Text,Task,1. Answer the following questions about the Main Reading w
42、ith a partner.1) What challenge comes with population growth?2) What challenge is even greater than the one mentioned in question 1)?,With that growth comes the challenge of producing enough food to meet the demands of the world people.,_ _,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,The even greater challenge is t
43、o produce food in a way that conserves the biodiversity and other natural resources on which societies depend,_ _ _.,3) What is the role of biotechnology today?4) What applications does biotechnology have?5) What is biotechnology?,Biotechnology has emerged as a potential tool for overcoming the curr
44、ent limitations on food production.,_ _,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,Increasing crop yields by overcoming agronomic and environmental constraints, improving the sustainability of farming processes, developing more-nutritious foods, improving water quality, and identifying useful genetic material in n
45、ature.,_ _ _ _,Biotechnology is the application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing or production of materials by biological agents to provide goods and services.,_ _ _,6) How is genetic engineering used in agricultural biotechnology?7) Why is protecting and preserving biodive
46、rsity important?,Genetic engineering in agricultural biotechnology is the integration of a gene from one species into the genome of another.,_ _ _,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,Preserving that biodiversity is important for maintaining the functioning of natural ecosystems, which provide part of the ba
47、se of natural resources.,_ _ _,8) In what way can biotechnology help to enhance natural resource conservation?,Unit 8 Part II Main Reading,By developing drought-tolerant crops, researchers can help farmers to conserve water resources. Herbicide-resistant crops promote no-till cultivation practices which help to reduce soil erosion, emissions of greenhouse gases, and carbon loss. Biotechnology could play a major role in addressing the world energy and resource needs in the future. biotechnology-based alternatives could provide solutions to problems of environmental contamination.,
