1、宾语从句 Objective Clause,* 2015/1/6,什么是宾语从句,宾从的连接词,宾从的时态,宾从的语序,目录,宾语从句,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,简单句复合句,复合句中作主句宾语的句子,宾从句子结构：主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句,引导词,一、从属连词1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时，连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思（常省略）,Lin Tao knows (that) his own team
2、is even better. Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.We heard it that she would get married next month.,我问他是否想去游泳,1, 改为陈述句语气，2，用if/whether连接,I ask,Does he want to go swim?,he wants to go swim,If/whether,I ask,2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if）翻译成：“是否”（不能省略）,高考题中宾从,Its good
3、to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away. （2013山东) A. what B. whose C. which D. thatJerry did not regret giving the comment but felt_ he could have expressed it differently.(2012北京） A. whyB. how C. thatD. whether,引导词,二、连接代词which, what, whose, who, whom, whatever, whoever, whomever,
4、whichever；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。,I wonder who will teach us.Mr. Wang asked whose book that was.You can take whatever you like.I dont know which / what topic I should choose.,三、连接副词where, when, why, how等连接副词在句中作状语。,He didnt tell me when we should meet again.Could you please tell me how you use the new
5、 panel?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.,缺时间状语，用when；缺地点状语，用where；缺原因状语，用why； 缺方式状语，用how。,We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.(2012，福建）A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever,The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for
6、 _ he could find about Mark Twain.(12.辽宁） A. Wherever B. whatever C. however D. whichever,The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered _24_ the boy would do .Then he took them off , gave a big smile and said “That is cool ”（2012广东完型）,what,1,缺指人的主语用who，如缺指物的
7、主语则用what 2,缺指物的宾语用what，如缺指人的宾语则用whom3,缺定语，用what或which,高考题中宾从,14广东完型：I didnt understand this would happen,Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _close you may be to success. (2013湖南) AHow BThat CWhich Dwhere,Please remind me _ he said he was going I may be in time to see him
8、off. （06 全国) A. where B when C how D what,how,Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.(05全国卷） Awhy Bwhat Cwho Dthat,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，（需要性原则）,时态,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1) He wil
9、l go to Hong Kong .2) He is sick.3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.,would go,was,was reading,had finished,He to Hong Kong He sickHe a book . He his book.,3.当从句是客观真理、定理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等时用一般现在时,Galileo insisted that the earth moves round the sun. He said that once a person stops searc
10、hing for information and knowledge, ignorance sets in,语序,宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library .His brother asks when will he go to the library . No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will
11、man look likeC. man will look like what D. what look will man like,宾语从句的否定转移,条件：1：谓语动词为think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等2：主句的主语是第一人称 + 时态是一般现在时其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.,否定在主句上,I dont think they will come to my party. I dont believe that man was killed by Jim, was he?,宾语从句的简化:疑
12、问词+不定式”,Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it The mother d
13、idnt know_ to blame for the broken glasses as it happened while she was out. A. who B. when C. how D. what,1: that从句位于句首时；That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe.2：it作形式宾语；We all believed it true that Mr. Smith wasnt a thief.3:主句谓语动词后有插入语；When we got there, he found , however, that the
14、whether was not good. 4：两个以上宾从，第二个that不可省，I believe (that) youve done your best and that things will improve.5：间接宾语后The teacher advised us that we should pay more attention to reading and writing6：that位于except，in ，but,besides等介词之后I know nothing about him except that he lives here.,Attention,下列情况下tha
15、t不能省略,whether / if “是否”,下列情况下只能用whether1）or或or notCan you tell me whether or not the train has left?2）介词后宾语从句；I am not interested in whether you like the plan or not.3）不定式前；I dont know whether to accept or refuse.4）句首；Whether it is true or not, I cant tell.5） discuss后宾语从句用whetherWe will discuss whet
16、her we are to hold a sports meeting next week.,只用if：如果宾语从句为否定句时，Eg： I dont know if it wont rain tomorrow,（2013，广州基础写作）志愿者的选拔到2015年，在全球选出约30名去火星的志愿者志愿者的条件至少18岁，做好不回地球的准备愿与他人保持良好的关系专家观点火星条件太艰苦面临严寒气候、孤独和恐惧志愿者观点厌倦地球生活，想体验火星生活如果成功，就是人类英雄,The volunteers believe that if they are successful, they will becom
17、e heroes of human beings.,高考写作中的宾从,（2011，广东）基本信息：书名：Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother作者：Amy Chua，美籍华人，耶鲁*大学教授出版时间：2010年内容：作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事效应：引发中美教育方式孰优孰劣的讨论相关报道：中文版：2011年初开始在中国销售意外反应：多数中国妈妈不赞同作者的做法最新消息：17岁的大女儿已被哈佛*和耶鲁录取,It tells how the author, a Chinese American, educated her two daughters in the traditional Chinese way.A recent report says that Amys elder daughter, 17, has been accepted by both Harvard and Yale.,宾从巧计歌：,学习宾从三注意，连词时态和语序； That连接陈述句，省与不省要注意； 从句若表“是否”，if/whether要慎记； 特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。 时态主从要呼应： 主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去； 宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。 语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句 三个问题需记牢，切莫丢东忘了西,
