1、Unit Two Education,Text A Raising Children in America,Revision of Text B, Unit 1,A. Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 这些收集的资源有助于帮助那些希望追溯他们祖先的人。 The collected resources are good to assist those wishing to trace their ancestry. 2. 种/民族融合是第二次世界大战后在郊区开始的。 Interracial and multiethnic ble
2、nding began after World War II and happened in the suburbs.,Revision of Text B, Unit 1,3. 不过,我们不能满足于已经取得的成就。 Nonetheless, we cannot be satisfied with the achievements we have already made. 4. 在西方历史上,一度出现了政教合一的局面。 In western history, a fusion of religion and politics ever emerged for a time.,Revision
3、 of Text B, Unit 1,B. Make sentences by using the words or phrases below. 1. no one believe; the old woman; carry; all my stuff; in one bag; all by herself 2. the kind of masks; be very good to; lighten your skin tone; and add a glow to your complexion 3. Hong Kong; no longer; an enclave economy wit
4、h an artificial and psychological barrier and the border; between Hong Kong and the mainland of China 4. intellectuals; know; intellectual property rights; important; civil rights,Vocabulary Study,1. frustration n. 懊恼，沮丧 2. infancy n. 婴儿期，幼儿期 3. nest n. 家，安乐窝；巢穴 4. apron n. 围裙 5. extension n. 扩大，延伸
5、6. fulfill v. 实现，履行 7. preschooler n. 学龄前儿童 8. homemaker n. 家庭主妇,Vocabulary Study,9. discipline v. 管教，训导 10. old-fashioned a. 陈旧的，过时的 11. spanking n. 打屁股（尤指打小孩） 12. alternate a. 可供替代的 13. ground v. 罚（儿童）不准出门 14. privilege n. 优惠待遇 15. sanity n. 神智正常 16. preserve v. 保护，维护,Phrases and Expressions,1. co
6、me with sth. 与生俱来，带来 2. pull ones hair out 伤透脑筋 3. stand on their own two feet 独立自主 4. tied to ones mothers apron strings 生活 在家长的庇护下 5. a tall order 要求苛刻,Proper Names and Notes,1. time out 面壁思过,Background Information,Education in Britain and the U.S. In England and Wales the subjects taught in schoo
7、ls are laid down by the National Curriculum, which was introduced in 1988 and sets out in detail the subjects that children should study and the levels of achievement they should reach by the ages of 7, 11, 14 and 16, when they are tested. The National Curriculum does not apply in Scotland, where ea
8、ch school decides what subjects it will teach.,Background Information,In the U.S. the subjects taught are decided by national and local governments. Whereas British schools usually have prayers and religious instruction, American schools are not allowed to include prayers or to teach particular reli
9、gious beliefs.,Background Information,At 16 students in England and Wales take GCSE examinations. These examinations are taken by students of all levels of ability in any of a range of subjects and may involve a final examination, an assessment of work done during the two year course, or both of the
10、se things. At 18 some students take A-level examinations, usually in not more than 3 subjects. It is necessary to have A-levels in order to go to a university or polytechnic.,Background Information,In Scotland students take the SCE examinations. A year later, they can take examinations called HIGHS,
11、 after which they can either go straight to a university or spend a further year at school and take the Certificate of Sixth Year Studies. In Scotland the university system is different to that in England and Wales. Courses usually last four years rather than three and students study a larger number
12、 of subjects as part of their degree.,Background Information,In the U.S. school examinations are not as important as they are in Britain. Students in High Schools do have exams at the end of their last two years, but these final exams are considered along with the work that the students have done du
13、ring the school years.,Background Information,In American high schools there is a formal ceremony for Graduation (=completion of high school). Students wear a special cap and gown and receive a diploma from the head of the school. Students often buy a class ring to ear, and a yearbook, containing pi
14、ctures of their friends and teachers. There are also special social events at American schools. Sports events are popular, and cheer leaders lead the school in supporting the school team and singing the school song. At the end of their junior year, at age 17 or 18, students held in the evening. The
15、girls wear long evening dresses and the boys wear tuxedos.,Background Information,In Britain, there are no formal dances or social occasions associated with school life. Some schools have speech day at the end of the school year when prizes are given to the best students and speeches are made by the
16、 head teacher and sometimes an invited guest. However, in many British schools students and teachers organize informal dances for the older students.,Raising Children in America,Para.1The job of raising children is a tough one. Children dont come with an instruction manual. And each child is differe
17、nt. So parents sometimes pull their hair out in frustration, not knowing what to do. But in raising childrenas in all of lifewhat we do is influenced by our culture. Naturally then, American parents teach their children basic American values.,1. Why is the job of raising children a tough one?Because
18、 children dont come with an instruction manual and each child is different. 2. What influences the way of raising children?Culture. 3. Why do American parents teach their children?Basic American values. Main ideaTopic sentence underlined.,Raising Children in America,Para.2To Americans, the goal of p
19、arents is to help children stand on their own two feet. From infancy, each child may get his or her own room. As children grow, they gain more freedom to make their own choices. Teenagers choose their own forms of entertainment, as well as the friends to share them with. When they reach young adulth
20、ood, they choose their own careers and marriage partners. Of course, many young adults still seek their parents advice and approval for the choices they make. But once they “leave the nest” at around 18 to 21 years old, they want to be on their own, not “tied to their mothers apron strings.”,1. To A
21、mericans, what is the goal of parents? The goal of parents is to help children stand on their own two feet. 2. What can children do from their infancy? From infancy, each child may get his or her own room. 3. Give more examples to show how American parents help their children stand on their own feet
22、. As children grow, they gain more freedom to make their own choices. Teenagers choose their own forms of entertainment, as well as the friends to share them with. When they reach young adulthood, they choose their own careers and marriage partners. Main ideaTopic sentence underlined（the first sente
23、nce）.,Raising Children in America,Para.3The relationship between parents and children in America is very informal. American parents try to treat their children as individualsnot as extensions of themselves. They allow them to fulfill their own dreams. Americans praise and encourage their children to
24、 give them the confidence to succeed. When children become adults, their relationship with their parents becomes more like a friendship among equals. But contrary to popular belief, most adult Americans dont make their parents pay for room and board when they come to visit. Even as adults, they resp
25、ect and honor their parents.,1. What about the relationship between parents and children in America?Very informal. 2. How do American parents treat their children as individuals?They allow them to fulfill their own dreams. Americans praise and encourage their children to give them the confidence to
26、succeed. 3. What about the relationship between parents and children in America when children become adults?It becomes more like a friendship among equals. Main idea Topic sentence underlined.,Raising Children in America,Para.4 Most young couples with children struggle with the issue of childcare. M
27、others have traditionally stayed home with their children. In recent years, though, a growing trend is to put preschoolers in a day care center so Mom can work. Many Americans have strong feelings about which type of arrangement is best. Some argue that attending a day care center can be a positive
28、experience for children. Others insist that mothers are the best caregivers for children. A number of women are now leaving the work force to become full-time homemakers.,1. What have mothers have done traditionally?Mothers have traditionally stayed home with their children. 2. What is the growing t
29、rend In recent years?In recent years, though, a growing trend is to put preschoolers in a day care center so Mom can work. 3. What arguments about different ways of children care in America?Some argue that attending a day care center can be a positive experience for children. Others insist that moth
30、ers are the best caregivers for children. Main idea:American parents struggle with children in different ways and they argue about them.,Raising Children in America,Para.5Disciplining children is another area that American parents have differing opinions about. Many parents feel that an old-fashione
31、d spanking helps youngsters learn what “No！” means. Others prefer alternate forms of discipline. For example, “time outs” have become popular in recent years. Children in “time out” have to sit in a corner or by a wall. They can get up only when they are ready to act nicely. Older children and teena
32、gers who break the rules may be grounded, or not allowed to go out with friends. Some of their privileges at homelike TV or telephone usemay also be taken away for a while. Although discipline isnt fun for parents or children, its a necessary part of training.,1. What do American parents have differ
33、ing opinions about?Disciplining children. 2. Explain what is a “time out”.Children in “time out” have to sit in a corner or by a wall. They can get up only when they are ready to act nicely. 3. Is discipline a necessary part of training?Yes. Main ideaTopic sentence underlined (the first sentence).,R
34、aising Children in America,Para.6Being a parent is a tall order. It takes patience, love, wisdom, courage and a good sense of humor to raise children (and not lose your sanity). Some people are just deciding not to have children at all, since theyre not sure its worth it. But raising children means
35、training the next generation and preserving our culture. What could be worth more than that？,1. In conclusion, why is being a parent is a tall order?It takes patience, love, wisdom, courage and a good sense of humor to raise children. 2. What is the authors opinion about raising children?He thinks r
36、aising children means training the next generation and preserving our culture and it could be worth more than anything. Main idea: Raising children means training the next generation and preserving our culture and it could be worth more than anything.,Language Points,1. Children dont come with an in
37、struction manual. Children are not born wit an instruction manual. come with: a. be born with e.g. Mozart came with a great talent for music. The boy came with a sharp sense of arts.,Language Points,2. So parents sometimes pull their hair out in frustration, not knowing what to do. Parents, from tim
38、e to time, are very frustrated, because they dont know how to raise their children. pull ones hair out: v. very frustrated or worried about sth., especially not knowing how to deal with the trouble e.g. The man had a quarrel with his wife ,and now he pulled his hair out, worrying about how to made p
39、eace with her next. The manager pulled his hair out because of the strike of the workers.,Language Points,3. To Americans, the goal of parents is to help children stand on their own two feet. For Americans, the target of raising children is to make them dependent on themselves. stand on their own tw
40、o feet: be independent e.g. The program presented a target for the parents that they should help their children stand on their own. In Western countries, children are required to stand on their own feet economically.,Language Points,4. But once they “leave the nest” at around 18 to 21 years old, the
41、y want to be on their own, not “tied to their mothers apron strings”. But when they are independent at about 18 to 21, they dont want to depend on others including their parents. be tied to their mothers apron strings: depend on ones parents e.g. Men are required not to tied to their mothers apron s
42、trings even from infancy. He decided not to be tied to his mothers apron string and founded his own company.,Language Points,5. American parents try to treat their children as individualsnot as extensions of themselves. American parents think their children not as parts of themselves, but as individ
43、uals. extension: a new part that is added to something e.g. a further extension of the power of the U.S. central power We will live in the extension of the building.,Language Points,6.They allow them to fulfill their own dreams. They give them freedom to realize their own dreams. fulfill: realize; m
44、ake sth. come true e.g. fulfill ones promise/ fulfill ones plan,Language Points,7. Most young couples with children struggle with the issue of childcare. struggle with: to make great efforts when trying to deal with a difficult problem e.g. She was struggling with the difficult math problem. The who
45、le family has been struggling with the debt.,Language Points,8. Disciplining children is another area that American parents have differing opinions about. Punishing children is another issue that American parents argue about. discipline: to punish someone for something they have done e.g. The offend
46、ers will be severely disciplined for their disobedience. Her parents decided to discipline her by forbidding her from watching TV.,Language Points,9. Being a parent is a tall order. Raising children is a tough job and highly required. a tall order: sth. difficult to deal with e.g. Not failing in the
47、 exam is a tall order for her. Putting on clothes by himself is a tall order for the 2-year-old kid.,Language Points,10It takes patience, love, wisdom, courage and a good sense of humor to raise children (and not lose your sanity). If you want to have a child, you have to pay patience, love, wisdom,
48、 courage and a good sense of humor and at the same time, you should keep calm and show reasonable thinking and sensible. lose ones sanity: not based on or showing good reasonable thinking e.g. Seeing his room in a mess, he lost his sanity and beat his children. We all could not believe he did such a
49、 foolish thing and thought he lost his sanity.,Translation,美国人的育儿经养育孩子是件伤脑筋的差事，孩子生下来可没带着说明书，而每个孩子的情况又不尽相同，所以有时父母们伤透了脑筋，还是不知道该怎么办。与生活中所有的事一样，在培养子女方面，我们的行为都受到文化的影响。理所当然，美国父母会向子女灌输基本的美国价值观。,Translation,对美国人而言，父母的目标在于帮助孩子们自立更生。从婴儿期开始，每一个孩子都可能拥有自己的房间；随着孩子长大，他们有更多机会自己做决定；青少年们选择自己喜欢的娱乐方式，以及跟什么样的朋友一起玩；当他们进入了青年期之后，他们选择自己的事业和结婚伴侣。当然，很多的年轻人在做选择时，还是会征求父母的建议和许可，但是当他们长到十八到二十一岁左右, “离开鸟巢”之后，就希望能够独立，不再是个离不开妈妈的孩子了。,Translation,在美国，亲子之间的关系不是那么的严肃，美国父母们试着将孩子视为独立的个人，而不是他们自我的一部分。他们允许孩子去实现自己的梦想。美国人会表扬并鼓励孩子从而给予他们成功的信心。当孩子长大成人之后，亲子之间的关系会更像地位平等的朋友，可是与普遍观点相反，当父母来访时，大部份的美国成年人并不会要求父母付食宿费，因为就算已经成年，他们还是很敬重父母的。,
