1、2013-06 CET4,兰州交通大学 付勇君,你知道四级的答题顺序吗?,作文,完型填空,翻译,听力,快速阅读,选词填空,传统阅读,在答题纸1上作答, 完成后交答题纸1.剩下题目在答卡2上作答.,注意 （1）,改变传统的英语考试先做听力，再做阅 读，最后写作文的习惯。一进考场就集中注意力写作文。等试题册发下来后，抓紧时间做快速阅读。交了答题卡1后，准备做听力。作文在答题纸1上，其他题目在试题册上。作文和快速阅读在答题纸1上作答，完成后交答题纸1。剩下题目在答卡2上作答。,你知道四级的答题时间吗?,作文(30),完型填空(15),翻译(5),听力(35),快速阅读(15),选词填空,传统阅读,在
2、答题纸1上作答, 完成后交答题纸1.剩下题目在答卡2上作答.,25,125分钟,注意（2）,因为答题纸1要提前交，所以一定要抓紧时间做作文和快速阅读，必须在规定时间内 完成。做完听力后，剩下45分钟时间，要完成的 题目有：选词填空，两篇阅读文章，完型填空，翻译。时间短，题量大，一定要注意时间的分配。,你知道四级的分值分布吗?,注意（3）,听力和阅读占70%。所以四级考试的成绩主要由听力和阅读能力决定。选词填空和传统阅读占25%，完型填空占10%。翻译占5%。完型比较难，翻译分值少，建议不要在这两个题目上花太多时间。,2009年12月全国大学英语六级考试报考资格(符合以 下条件之一):1. 大学
3、英语四级考试成绩达到425分以上（含425分）的在校大学生，2. 大学英语四级网考成绩达到425分以上（含425分）的在校大学生，3. 2005年6月以前已获得大学英语四级证书的在校大学生。全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会2009年8月25日,你知道考多少分才能报考六级吗?,时间流程表,一：写作,三段落式(TS) 1、本社团的主要活动内容 2、参加本社团的好处 3、如何加入本社团切题语言连贯语言第一位结构第二位内容第三位,2分条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。 5分基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。 6 8分基本切题。有些地方表达思想
4、不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。 9- 11分切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。 14分切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。,话题,.大学生话题 大学生话题：主要涉及大学生的校园学习、生活、择业及人生观等方面 A.学习： On Students Selecting Lecturers （2006, 6 New） Is A Test of Spoken English Necessary？ （2000, 6） How I Finance My College Education？ （2000, 1） Reading
5、Selectively or Extensively？ （1999, 6） How I Overcame My Difficulties in Learning English？ （1992, 6）,B.生活： Volunteers Needed （2006, 6 Old） Teachers Day （2005, 6） A Campaign Speech（2005, 1） The Day My Classmate Fell Ill/Got Injured（2003,9） A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service
6、 on Campus.（2002, 1） C.择业、人生观： How to Succeed in a Job Interview （2001, 1） Advantages of a Job Interview（1995, 6） My Ideal Job （1994, 6） Is Failure a Bad Thing？ （1992, 1）,. 社会热点话题 社会热点话题：与普通百姓社会生活紧密相关的话题，如：环境话题、交通话题、休闲娱乐、疾病与健康等话题。 An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident（2003, 6） It Pays to Be H
7、onest （2003, 1） Dont Hesitate to Say “No”（1999, 1） Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck？ （1998, 6） Harmfulness of Fake Commodities （1998, 1） .大学生和社会热点话题 Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourist？（2005, 12）,1. 正反观点型：要不要取消春晚（2006，12）大学校园是否要开放（2005，12），钱能带来幸福与否（1995，1） 优缺点型：娱乐活动的益处和坏处（2008.6
8、） 2. 原因现象分析题：选择选修课的因素（2007，12）选择大学任课教师（2006，6new 3. 解决问题型：怎样取得面试成功（2001，1），怎样支付大学学费（2000，1），图表：教育支付（2012.12）大学生使用计算机（2002，6），人们饮食的变化（1991，6） 4. 信件：欢迎加入社团（2007，6）招募志愿者活动辞(2006,6)，给老师的感谢信（2005，6），竞选学生会的演讲稿（2005，1）,应对策略,1、篇章：开门见山，直奔主题（紧扣所给提纲写出主题句）。使用合适的方法展开主题句（常用方法如：列举，因果，举例等） 2、句子结构：适当使用从句、倒装句、非谓语动词、插
9、入语，从而使文章句子结构稍微复杂而富于变化。 3、词汇：尽量使用与主题相关的一些重要词汇，避开用得过于泛滥的词汇。,4.丰富多变.丰富多变主要体现在词汇和句型两方面。同一词语在一句话、一个段落乃至一篇文章中最好不要重复出现，应尽量使用同、近义词替换(无法替换的关键词除外)。例如：think可以替换为reckon, assume, argue等词。此外，句型也应富于变化，不要拘泥于“主谓宾”句型，可以使用“主系表”、过去分词和现在分词短语作状语、不定式短语作状语、状语从句等多种句型。.,5.长短互现。四级作文如果量化成句数，只需写十句左右；六级只需12句左右。全文应以短句为主，长短句相结合。所谓
10、短句是指十个词左右的句子，不能全篇都是五六个词的短句。同时，全文应有一定数量的长句，一般1520词即可 。精炼的短句可以放在段首表示强调；复杂的长句可以进行具体的论证、举例或描述。,结构：常用的“启、承、转、合”表达方法,1 “启”。 按顺序：First, Firstly, First of all, At first, In the first place, In the beginning, To begin with, To start with, For one thing, On the one hand 当前：Now, At present, recently, lately, 一
11、般而言：In general, generally speaking, as a matter of fact,2 “承”。 按顺序：second, secondly, beside this, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what is more, 举例子：for example/instance, as an example, as another example; namely, 换言之：in other words, in particular, 扩展：after that, afterwards, from now on, similarl
12、y, meanwhile, at the same time,3“转”。 转折：but, yet, however, nevertheless, though, although, despite, in spite of, on the contrary, unlike, on the other hand,4 “合”。 结尾: In conclusion; In short; In summary; Therefore; Thus; To sum up; To conclude; consequently, To summarize; Briefly; Above all; As a re
13、sult; at last; eventually; accordingly;,语言：1. 词汇替换,认为：assume / argue / hold / claim / suggest / declare / say / believe / insist/ maintain /suppose thatin my opinion/in my view/in my point of view/as far as I know/as far as Im concerned/ as for me 重要的：important/significant/be of great value/be of gr
14、eat significance/be of great use 很多：many, a multitude of, an army of, an ocean of , A great / large / huge / considerable / significant / noticeable number / amount/ quantity / portion of,越来越多 more and more/ a growing number of /an increasing number of/on the rise 大多的：the (vast / overwhelming) major
15、ity of 人：people-folks, individuals, characters 支持/反对者：followers/ objectors, be in favor of the idea that,2. 插入语,apparently，evidently，however, surely, indeed, briefly, fortunately, amazingly， undoubtedly most important of all, even worse, strange enough, after all, to ones surprise, to be exact, roug
16、hly speaking, in other words, as a matter of fact,3. 具体化,Kind: generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm hearted, hospitable good：favorable, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, perfect, etc. bad：unfavorable, harmful, adverse, poisonous ,etc.,常用从句,1、Which引导的 非限定性定语从句 2、状语从句 （结果、原因、时间、比较）
17、Sothat; because/since; before/after, notuntil; while/whereas 3、名词性从句（同位语从句、宾语从句）,倒装、非谓语动词和插入语的使用,1、 not onlybut alsoOnly bycanNot untildo 2、分词做状语，动名词做主语或宾语 3、适当插入一些副词或介词短语等 This measure, undoubtedly (in my opinion), will eliminate the waste of water.,英语四六级作文八种常用句型,一.原因,1. A number of factors might c
18、ontribute to (lead to)(account for ) the phenomenon (problem). 2. The answer to this problem involves many factors. 3. The factors that contribute to this situation include. 4. The change in .largely results from the fact that. 5. One of the most common factors (causes ) is that . 6. Another contrib
19、uting factor (cause ) is . 7. Perhaps the primary factor is that 8. But the fundamental cause is that,二.比较,1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages. 2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B. 3.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages. 4.Like anything else, it
20、 has its faults. 5.A and B has several points in common. 6. A and B differ in several ways. 7. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects. 8. People used to think ., but things are different now.,三.批驳,1)It is true that ., but one vital point is being left out. 2) Some people say ., but it
21、does not hold water. 3) Many of us have been under the illusion that. 4) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is. 5) It makes no sense to argue for . 6) Too much stress placed on . may lead to . 7) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that . 8) Contrary to what is
22、 widely accepted, I maintain that .,四.后果,1. It may give rise to a host of problems. 2. The immediate result it produces is . 3. It will exercise a profound influence upon. 4. Its consequence can be so great that.,五.举例,1) A good case in point is . 2) As an illustration, we may take . 3) Such examples
23、 might be given easily. 4) .is often cited as an example.,六.证明,1) No one can deny the fact that . 2) The idea is hardly supported by facts. 3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows . 4) Recent studies indicate that . 5) There is sufficient evidence to show that . 6) According to statistics
24、 proved by ., it can be seen that .,七.开篇,1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of . 2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus. 3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic. 4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among . 5) Nowadays there is a growing concern ove
25、r . 6) Never in our history has the idea that . been so popular. 7) Faced with ., quite a few people argue that . 8) According to a recent survey, . 9) With the rapid development of ., .,八.结尾,1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that . 2) It is high time that strict meas
26、ures were taken to stop . 3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to . 4) In conclusion, it is imperative that . 5) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must . 6) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to . 7) Taking all these into account, we . 8) Wheth
27、er it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear.,避免语言错误,主谓一致 单复一致 时态一致 词组搭配 单词拼写,Aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at an Elingsh uinervtisy, it deosnt mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoetnt tihng is taht frist and lsat ltteer is at the rghit pclae. The rset
28、 can be a toatl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae we do not raed ervey lteter by itslef but the wrod as a wlohe.,二：快速阅读部分,正确拼写的内容：,According to a research at an English university, it doesnt matter what order the letter of the word are, the only important thing is that
29、the first and last letter is at the right place. The rest can be a total mess and you can still read it without problem. Thats because we do not read every letter by itself but the word as a whole.,答题步骤,第一步：看文章后题目，分析定位词，并用笔标出以加深印象。 第二步：阅读文章。从头到尾把文章通读一遍，注意每段的中心句或中心思想，留心题目当中标出的信息；但是阅读的中途不要停顿下来去考虑单词、词组
30、或句子的意思，不管懂还是不懂，一律跳过。 第三步：先做细节题，注意对比题目和文章当中相应信息在表述方式上的不同，要特别注意两者在用词上的区别考的往往就是这个词！,三：听力理解,8 short conversations(8) 2 long conversations(3+4) 3 passages (3+3+4) Compound dictation (8+3),Short Conversations keywords，predictionLong Conversations and Passage 同义替换，细节题，转折词，先纵后横，开头原则Compound dictation,听力技巧,调
31、整心态,不紧张提前看,预测内容没有听到的,放弃题目和听力材料顺序一致长对话和短文,听主要内容. 听题目中的关 键词,复合听写,第一遍，听主要内容,简单单词,能写的可以速写。第二遍，开始写，注意是速写。最后三个长句可以根据自己的理解，组织句子。第三遍，把没有写完整的单词补充完整。,What does the man/woman mean? Who is the woman talking to? What does the man/woman imply? What can we learn from the conversation? What can be inferred/conclude
32、d from the conversation? What do we learn from the man s/woman s response? What had the man/woman previously assumed?,四：深度阅读,1. 选词填空2. 长篇文章 (主旨，细节，推理，语气，态度),选词填空,仔细阅读选项，根据词性把每个单词进行分类归纳。如名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词各有几个选项。动词归类要细分为v，ved, ving。 细读首句，抓住中心。 首先要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主题词或主题。和完型填空一样，一般文章第一句不设空格，以便让读者知道本文的相关主
33、题词或主题。,选词填空,判断原文空缺处所需单词的词性 一个句子有且只有一个谓语动词。 名词主要做主语、宾语。 形容词或名词都可以修饰名词。 限定词（the, this, that, a, my之类）后必有名词。谓语动词前必有名词或名词性质的主语 介词后面必有名词 副词修饰形容词或动词,阅读,第一，通读一遍。这里所谓的通读你只要做到两件事就可以了， 1）知道文章讲的是人还是什么东西 2）在每个段落出现的专有名词（这类词汇通常大写，但不是绝对）大致出现的位置， 看明白，是大致出现的位置，而不是对其详细的描述！所以那些描述性词汇都可以屏蔽了。,只读题！找出关键词（大部分情况下是由名词担当的），看完这
34、些我们就知道了这道题到底问的是什么了。然后我们之前找的位置就拍上了用场，回到原文去找去！记住，我们不要原创！我们不要自己的理解！我们要的是作者的态度！ 第二：别忘了单词总结，答案关键句中不认识的单词，题目和选项中不认识的单词！这就我们要的重点！,语法虚拟语气、定语从句、状语从句、倒装句、时态 词法词语辨义(v. n. a. ad. prep. conj. pron. )固定搭配 句法段落之间的关系句子之间的关系(并列、递进、因果、转折、让步、条件),五：完形填空,词语固定搭配wait for, be equipped with, complain of 词语辨义affect / effect
35、,facility / instrument / implement / appliance 逻辑推断 语义衔接,常用词组的用法基本语法（比较句、虚拟语气、分词、被动语态等）,六： 翻译,从句（主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语），非谓语动词，强调句，倒装，虚拟语气，词组，句型。 87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems_(他们至今还没有答案) to which they still have no answers today.,God helps those who help themselves!,不要再背单词书了 ！,拿出你的真题，从听力开始，查出你不认识的单词，总结在本上，阅读，词汇，可以分项总结下来。,Thank you!,
