1、Unit 6 Diction in C-E Translation,词语的选择与翻译,Discussion,务实作风：摸实情、办实事、求实效、讲实话Practical style of work: to know the actual situation, do something concrete, seek practical results,and speak the truth.,南京的风俗：但凡新媳妇进门，三日就要到厨下收拾一样菜，发个利市。这菜一定是鱼，取“富贵有余”的意思。The custom in Nanjing is for all brides to invite good
2、 luck by going to the kitchen on the third day and cooking a fish, which stands for fortune.,社会符号学翻译法,Sociosemiotic approachE. A. NidaTranslation is translating meaning;Translation is exchanging cultures.Principle: correspondence in meaning and similarity in function （意义相符，功能相似）,词语与语境,Each word when
3、 used in a new context is a new word.1. 我银行里为你挂个名，你白天去走走，晚上教教我儿子，一面找机会，好不好？Ill put you on the payroll at the bank. You can drop in during the day and in the evening tutor my son while looking for a job. Hows that? (珍妮.凯利、茅国权译),2. “客气”,请别客气。 Please make yourself at home. Please dont bother. 他客气而冷淡地接待
4、了我们。He received us with cool politeness. 对他这种人就是不能客气。You must not be too soft when dealing with someone like him.,他说自己才疏学浅,这只不过是中国人的客气罢了。He says that he is a man of little learning and talent. That is merely self-depreciation, considered as politeness by the Chinese. When he says he has little learn
5、ing or talent, he is only being modest in accordance with the Chinese rules of politeness.,3. “积极”,请大家积极参与单位的体制改革。You are all encouraged to play an active role in the systematic reform of our unit. 他总是以积极态度处理各种问题。He takes a positive attitude in dealing with all kinds of problems. He approaches vario
6、us problems with a positive frame of mind.,4. 有一次余先生指出我把爬山虎(creepers)写成紫荆(redbuds)的错误，但又要我多写几篇给他看。Once Professor Yu pointed out that I had mistaken creepers for redbuds and encouraged me to write more for practice.,5. 我从小喜欢阅读大人物的传记和回忆录，慢慢归纳出一个公式：凡是大人物都是受苦受难的。I have been keen on reading biographies o
7、r memoirs of the great since childhood and found a kind of rule about their lives: all great people suffer.,搭配,搭配分为两类，一是语法搭配（grammatical collocations），二是词汇搭配（lexical collocations）（Benson等1997）。6. 这样，他们把内部的团结和军民关系都搞好了。Thus, they strengthened unity among themselves and built good relations between the
8、 army and the people.7. 这个问题要搞清楚。（邓小平文选）The issue should be made clear.,8. 任何制造所谓“台湾独立”、“两个中国”、“一中一台”的分裂图谋和行为，均为两岸同胞所反对。Any separatist attempt and action aimed at cooking up/fomenting “Taiwan independence,” “two Chinas,” and “one China, one Taiwan” will be opposed by people on both sides of the Stra
9、its.,9. 长期以来，两岸民间行业组织已就如何解决“三通”的技术性、业务性问题积累了大量经验。Over the years, non-governmental trade organizations on both sides have gained rich experience in how to solve technical and business problems related to the “three direct links.”,范畴词及概括词,做好整顿工作社会主义工业化的建设经济领域的改革坚决抵制奢侈浪费的不良习气服务业发展水平,carry out the check
10、-upSocialist industralizationreforms in the economy (economic reforms)Oppose extravagancethe development of the service sector,“三资”企业四项基本原则一个中心、两个基本点三从四德三个代表八荣八耻,“Three Forms of Ventures”Four Cardinal PrinciplesOne Central Task and Two Basic PointsThree Obediences and Four VirtuesThree RepresentsEig
11、ht Honors and Eight Disgraces,虚词,10. 她虽是女流，但不受旧思想约束，担任了一家进步杂志的编辑。11. 连饭都吃不饱，怎么能让他去搞什么审美享受呢？12. 被人养惯的小麻雀，连挣扎都不会，尾与爪在猫嘴旁耷拉着，和死去差不多。（老舍）13. 右的表现主要是否定四项基本原则，搞资本主义自由化，甚至制造动乱。,10. Woman as she was, she was intellectually emancipated and became an editor of a progressive review.11. How to teach him to enjo
12、y beauty when he is half starved?12. The tame sparrow, with its tail and claws dangling from the kittens mouth, does not even know how to struggle. It looks more dead than alive. (刘士聪译)13. Right tendencies are manifested chiefly in negating the Four Cardinal Principles, in pursuing bourgeois liberat
13、ion and sometimes in creating political turmoil.,文化词,14. 以外贸企业为龙头with foreign trade firms as the locomotive/ flagship 15.（赵辛楣）一肚皮的酒，几乎全化成酸醋The wine in Xinmeis stomach turned to sour vinegar in his jealousy.,16. 庙旁住着一家乡宦，姓甄，名费，字士隐。Beside this temple lived a gentleman named Zhen Fei, whose courtesy na
14、me was Shiyin. (杨宪益)17. 黄女士即使再能镇定些，也忍不住脸上红了，红了倏又转白，是愤怒的白。（茅盾）Though Miss Huang kept a firm grip on herself, she flushed, following which she turned pale - pale with anger.,专有名词的翻译,水浒Water MarginAll Men Are Brothers (Pearl S. Buck)Heroes of the MarshOutlaws of the Marsh (Sydney Shapiro)The Saga of Nu
15、mber 108The Rebels in Water Margin,18. 杨紫琼在好莱坞的初次亮相是在明日帝国里和邦德演对手戏。三年后她出演李安导演的卧虎藏龙，进一步提高了她在美国娱乐圈的知名度。Michelle Yeoh made her Hollywood debut as James Bonds equal in “Tomorrow Never Dies”. Three years later, Yeohs profile in the United States rose again with Ang Lees “Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon”.,C
16、ombination,19. 没有一点闯的精神，没有一点“冒”的精神，没有一股气呀，劲呀，就走不出一条好路，走不出一条新路，就干不出新的事业。（邓）If we dont have the pioneering spirit, if were afraid to take risks, if we have no energy and drive, we cannot break a new path, a good path, or accomplish anything new.,20. “诸位记者！”他咳嗽了声，站了起来。但是那些正在谈笑的招待对象，并未注意他的动作。连坐在附近的官方记者也
17、没有特别的反应。原译：“Reporters!” He coughed and stood up. These who were invited were only chattering and laughing without paying any attention to his gesture. Even the governmental reporters sitting nearby failed to make special response.“Ladies and gentlemen!” He cleared his throat and stood up. The report
18、ers being treated were still chatting, paying no attention to him. Even the official journalists sitting nearby didnt make any response.,21. 中国政府欢迎外国私人资本参与中国的基础设施和基础工业建设。原译：The Chinese government welcomes private foreign capital to invest in Chinas infrastructure development and basic industries.改译1
19、. Private foreign investors are welcome to invest in Chinas infrastructure and basic industries.,改译2. The Chinese government welcomes private foreign investments in Chinas infrastructure and basic industries.改译3. Private foreign investments are welcome in the development of Chinas infrastructure and
20、 basic industries.改译4. The Chinese government encourages private foreign investment in the development of Chinas infrastructure and basic industries.,21. 吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。（孔子）At fifteen, I was fond of learning. At thirty, I was established. At forty, I did not waver. At f
21、ifty, I knew my sacred mission. At sixty, I had a discerning ear. At seventy, I could do what I would without going beyond what is right. （许渊冲）,At fifteen, I got committed to study. At thirty, I established myself. At forty, I developed a mature mind. At fifty, I could predict the heavenly ordinance. At sixty, I was able to listen, learn and lead. At seventy, I could do things right at my hearts desire.,建议,针对外语学习的薄弱环节（各种搭配及句子结构），勤查英英词典、英语搭配词典、用法词典、同义词词典和有关英语文献，不要轻易相信汉英词典。,
