1、定语从句,定语分类：,定语前置：单个形容词或物主代词。,Its a red apple.,Its a Lucys book.,定语后置：短语或句子。,The fruit on the desk is an apple.,The girl in pink is Mary.,This is the apple which fell on newtons head.,一、定语从句定义：,1.由一个句子来充当定语,2.被修饰的词叫“ ”,3.连接主句和从句的词叫“ ”。,先行词,关系词,二、考点：定“关系词”,关系代词：,who, whom, which, whose,关系副词：,when, wher
2、e, why,what 不是关系词！,二、考点：定“关系词”,口诀,先行词是人,缺宾Who/whom,先行词是物,that“万金油”，,选择动词要考虑,时态,语态,词组完整性，如ask to,关系词作宾语可以省略，做主语不能省略。,缺主只用Who,宾主which来帮助,宾主都能用（人或物）,二、考点：定“关系词”,1.who, whom, which,代替人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语。,1.The boy sits next to Tom is Peter.,坐在Tom旁边的男孩是Peter.,定语从句修饰谁就放谁后面。,2.Liuqian is a magician I want to se
3、e best.,刘谦是（我最想见的）魔术师。,who,who/whom/空,二、考点：定“关系词”,3.Haibao is the mascot of the world EXPO is hold in Shanghai.,海宝是（在上海举办的）世博会的吉祥物。,先行词是物，则关系词无论在定语中做主语还是 宾语，都用which.,4.Arabian Nights is one of the books children like best.,一千零一夜是（孩子们最喜欢的）书之一。,which,which/空,典型例句：,The girl we met yesterday is a univer
4、sity student.,This is the person/man wrote to you.,who/whom/空,who,二、考点：定“关系词”,2.that 做主语或宾语,可代替who,whom,which, 但介词后不能用。,宾语,动宾：,介宾：,不能用that,不能用that,二、考点：定“关系词”,2.that 做主语或宾语,只用that的情况,先行词有人又有物,Do you know the persons and the things that they are talking about?,当先行词被形容词最高级、the only, the very,the last等
5、修饰，用that,This is the best film that I have ever seen.,This is the only thing that we can do now.,He is the only teacher that can speak French in our school.,二、考点：定“关系词”,2.that 做主语或宾语,只用that的情况,当先行词被序数词修饰,Tom is always the first student that arrives school.,不定代词做先行词,You should do everything that I to
6、ld you.,Everything that you asked to do is right.,二、考点：定“关系词”,2.that 做主语或宾语总结,总结,即有人又有物,被最高级和the only,the very,the last等修饰,当先行词被序数词修饰,不定代词做先行词,不定代词：,every, some, any, never, none,口语时，不定代词指人，有时用 who/whom.,二、考点：定“关系词”,常用比较级和最高级：,good,better,best,bad,worse,worst,little,less,least,few,fewer,fewest,many,
7、more,most,二、考点：定“关系词”,3.whose：在定语从句中做定语，后跟名词,This is the girl whose parents are engineers.,The mascot whose name is HaiBao is lovely.,二、考点：定“关系词”,4.when,where,why：在定语从句中做状语,October.1st is the day when the PRC was founded.,The PRC was founded on the day.,The modern school is the place where teacher F
8、unny work.,Do you know the reason why he is so tired.,Funny works in/at the place.,二、考点：定“关系词”,4.when,where,why：在定语从句中做状语,口诀,时间+状 when 来帮,地点+状 where挡,原因+状 why要忙,find,found,found,found,founded,founded,发现,建立,决定关系词的三个步骤：,1.先找定语从句，标（）,2.找先行词，标,3.判断先行词在定语从句中的成分,关键,三、判断成分的方法和技巧,1. ( 主 Be/ 助/情/V ),who/whic
9、h/that,2. ( 定 单n ),whose,3. ( 介词 宾 ),whom/which,因为介词后只跟宾格，不使用 that,三、判断成分的方法和技巧,This is the pop singer I want to take photos with.,who/whom/that/空,This is the pop singer with I want to take photos.,whom,I dont know the things they are talking about.,which/that/空,I dont know the things about they are
10、 talking.,which,四、宾语和状语的判断,when =,(时间)介词 + which,where =,(地点)介词 + which,why =,for which,(定语从句中)谓语动词 + 先行词,句子成立宾语,句子不成立状语,翻译成汉语，如果有“在”，就是状语， 没有就是宾语。,四、宾语和状语的判断,This is the factory we visited last week.,This is the factory my brother works.,where,August.8.2008 is the day the 29th Olympics began.,when,
11、August.8.2008 is the day we cant forget.,which/空,which/that/空,My brother works in the factory.,The 29th olympic began at(on) August.8.2008.,我哥哥工作在那个工厂。,29届奥运会在2008年8月8日开幕。,四、宾语和状语的判断,This is the factory where my brother works.,= This is the factory which my brother works in.,August.8.2008 is the day
12、 when the 29th lympics began.,= August.8.2008 is the day which the 29th lympics began on.,where =,in which,when =,on which,四、宾语和状语的判断,The person who is talking with Tom is my new teacher.,The person whom Tom is talking with is my new teacher.,This is the girl of whom you should take care.,复合句合并方法,1.找两句中的相同部分，定先行词和定语从句,2.定关系词,
