1、湖北医药学院解剖教研室,The Skull,王 配 军,医学生学习网课件组 http:/,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,1.掌握颅的组成，脑颅、面颅的划分。 2.掌握颅底内面观的主要结构。 3.掌握眶、骨性鼻腔的形态特征。骨性鼻旁窦的名称、位置及开口。 4.掌握颅骨的常用骨性标志：眉弓、颧弓、下颌角、舌骨、乳突、枕外隆突。 5.了解新生儿颅骨的特征及生后变化。,目的要求,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,系统解剖学的课程要求和学习方法,课程要求（1） 掌握人体解剖学的基本内容和基本技能，掌握常用英文解剖学词汇，正确认识各器官、结构的正常位置与形态，并能正确应用解剖学术语描述。（2）培养自学能力、观察能力、表达
2、能力以及分析问题和解决问题的能力。,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,学习方法,（1）树立正确的学习目的和态度。 （2）勤于思考，善于联系，发现规律。 （3）形态与功能结合。 （4）局部与整体结合。 （5）理论与实际结合。,如何学习？,如何记忆？,学科特点？,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,运动系统,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,The skull,The skull contains 23 bones. The skull is divided into two parts :cranial skull and facial skull.,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,(一）The cranial
3、 skull,The cerebral cranium consists of eight cranial bones .,one frontalone ethmoidone sphenoidone occipitaltwo parietaltwo temporal,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,maxillapalatinepaired zygomaticbones nasallacrimal bonesinferior nasal conchaevomer Unpaired mandiblebones hyoid,(二）The facial skull,The facial cranium ar
4、e fifteen in number.,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,1. The mandible,2. The hyoid,angle of mandible,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,(三）The whole view of the skull,1.The superior aspect of the skull,coronal suturesagittal suturelambdoid suture,2.The posterior aspect of the skull,external occipital protuberancesuperior nuchal line,湖北医药学院解剖教
5、研室,3.The internal surface of the base of skull,It is divided into three fossa. These are the anterior,the middle and the posterior cranial fossa.,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,frontal crestforamen cecumcrista gallicribriform plat cribriform foramina,(1) The anterior cranialfossa,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,hypophysial fossaoptic can
6、alanterior clinoid processdorsum sellaeposterior clinoid processsuperior orbital fissureforamen lacerumforamen rotundumforamen ovale foramen spinosumsulcus for middle meningeal artery,(2) The middle cranial fossa,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,foramen magnumhypoglossal canalinternal occipital protuberancesulcus for su
7、perior sagittal sinussulcus for transverse sinussulcus for sigmoid sinusjugular forameninternal acoustic pore,(3) The posterior cranialfossa,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,4.The external surface of the base of skull,alveolar archincisive foraminagreater palatine posterior nasal aperturesoccipital condylehypoglossal ca
8、naljugular foramenstyloid processstylomastoid foramen,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,5.The lateral view of skull,external acoustic poremastoid processzygomatic arch temporal fossainfratemporal fossapterion,pterygopalatine fossa,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,硬膜外出血,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,6.The front view of skull,(2) the orbits orbital openingsupra
9、orbital foramen (notch) orbital apex:optic canal superior wall:lacrimal fossa medial wall: lacrimal sac fossa,nasolacrimal canal,(1) the foreheadsuperciliary arch, inferior wall: inferior orbital fissure, inferior orbital foramen lateral wall: superior orbital fissure,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,nasal septem superi
10、ormiddle conchaeinferiorsuperiormiddle meatusinferiorsphenoethmoidal recess,(3) the bony nasal cavity,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,(4) the paranasal sinuses, the frontal sinuses, the ethmoidal sinuses, the sphenoidal sinuses, the maxillary sinuses,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,(四）The skull at birth,(5) the oral cavity,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,小 结,湖北医药学院解剖教研室,Thank you !,
