1、Uncle Toms Cabin,Introduction to the author-Harriet Beecher StoweUncle Toms CabinAnalysis of the main charactersArchetype analysis of Uncle Toms Cabin,Contents,Introduction to Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896),1. General evaluation of Mrs. Stowe2. Family and education background 3. Marriage and expe
2、rience4. Her works5. Writing career and style,General Evaluation of Mrs. Stowe,Harriet Beecher Stowe (June 14, 1811 July 1, 1896) was an American abolitionist and author. 2.She was influential both for her writings and her public stands on social issues of the day.3. Her novel Uncle Toms Cabin (1852
3、) helped to change the world by changing the way people looked at slavery. The book, was the first to break down the stereotypes and portray slaves as individuals.,名人评价,1. 构成那次巨大战争南北战争导火线的，想不到竟是这位身材矮小的、可爱的夫人。她写了一本书，酿成了伟大的胜利。 美国总统林肯2. 斯陀夫人的汤姆叔叔的小屋是文学史上最伟大的胜利。 美国著名诗人亨利郎费罗3. 第一次听到了美国女作家斯托夫人的小说黑奴吁天录，美国南
4、部黑奴们的悲惨命运和他们勇敢抗争的故事，心激动不已，紧握着眼泪湿透的手绢，在枕上翻来覆去，久久不能入寐。著名作家冰心,Family and education background,She was born in Litchfield, Connecticut on June 14, 1811.She was the seventh of 13 children, born to outspoken religious leader Lyman Beecher. Her three brothers became ministers.Harriet was enrolled in the se
5、minary (girlsschool) run by her sister Catharine. Then she joined her fathers Lane Theological Seminary where she met her would-be husband.,Marriage and experience,The two married in 1836. Calvin Ellis Stowe was an ardent critic of slavery. Living in Cincinnati city in Ohio, one of anti-slavery plac
6、es and a terminal for slaves escaping to the northHousing fugitive slaves, hearing of more about slaves wretched sufferingsVisiting plantations in Kentucky, seeing with her eyes slaves misery.,Works,Uncle Toms Cabin, 1852-汤姆叔叔的小屋 A Key to Uncle Toms Cabin, 1853汤姆叔叔的小屋题解 Dred: A Tale of the Great Dis
7、mal Swamp, 1856-德雷德：阴暗大沼地的故事 The Ministers Wooing, 1859-牧师的求婚 The Pearl of Orrs Island, 1862奥尔岛上的明珠 Old Town Folks, 1869-老城的人们,Writing style (1),In fact, Stowes best writing is about village life inthe New Englands states in the 19th century. Hersettings were often described accurately and in detail
8、. In this sense, she was an important forerunner to the realistic movement that became popular later in the 19th century.,Uncle Toms Cabin,like most of Stowes novels,is rambling in structure,but rich in pains and dramatic incident.It is one of the best examples of the so-called sentimental ficiton t
9、hat enjoyed popularity in the United Stares during the 1800s.,Writing style (2),Uncle Toms Cabin,1. 生活经历2.汤姆叔叔的小屋的一部分创作灵感来自乔赛亚亨森的自传。亨森是一位黑人奴隶，亨森逃到了上加拿大省,并摆脱了奴隶身份；此后，他协助了一些逃亡奴隶抵达该地，自己也过上了自给自足的生活，并写出了他的回忆录。3. 西奥多德怀特韦尔德与格里姆克姐妹合著的美国的奴隶制度：千人目击证词（American Slavery As It Is: Testimony of a Thousand Witnesse
10、s）一书，亦被确认为小说的部分材料来源。,Background of Uncle Toms Cabin,Main Plots of The Novel,Eliza escaped with her son, Tom sold “down the river“Kentucky farmer SlavesArthur Shelby Uncle TomEmily Shelby Harry(Elizas son)George Shelby Eliza escaped with her son,and Tom was sold to another slaver Augustine St. Clare
11、and already befriended with his daughter- Eva.,Main Plots,Elizas family hunted, Toms life with St. Clare,Eliza met with her husband - George Harrischased by a slave-hunter - Tom Loker Eva: friendliness, love, equality, like an angel.Eva grew very ill. Before she died she experienced a vision of heav
12、en, which she shares with the people around her. Therefore, St. Clare decided to pleded to free Tom.,Tom sold to Simon Legree,Tom was beaten viciously . Tom met with Emmeline , CassyUncle Tom encouraged Cassy and Emmeline to escape. When Tom refused to tell Legree where Cassy and Emmeline had gone,
13、Legree ordered his overseers to kill Tom. As Tom was dying, he forgave them. Humbled by the character of Tom, they become Christians.,Final section,Cassy later discovers that Eliza is her long-lostdaughter who was sold as a child. Now that theirfamily is together again, they travel to France and eve
14、ntually Liberia, the African nation created for former American slaves. George Shelby returns to the Kentucky farm andfrees all his slaves. George tells them to remember Toms sacrifice and his belief in the true meaning of Christianity.,汤姆叔叔的小屋的历史影响力,树立了美国反对奴隶制的旗帜 开辟了美国现实主义的文学创作道路1. 以黑奴汤姆为中心，描写了奴隶的悲
15、惨命运，反 映了黑暗的社会现实2. 揭露了奴隶制灭绝人性的罪恶3. 真实刻画了许多让人难以忘怀的奴隶的思想和性格4. 刻画了众多的奴隶主和奴隶贩子的形象 成为了被压迫民族反对殖民主义的历史教科书,Literary Themes,Equality of all people Evil reality of slavery Christian love can overcome all (even something as destructive as enslavement of fellow human beings) The moral power of women,Analysis of
16、Main Characters,Uncle Tom,Noble and perseverant Christian slave(高贵坚韧的基督奴隶）kindhearted (充满爱心）loyaltytolerant（宽容）,Little Eva,Beautiful Angel The little Eva is full of love and friendliness to others. She tries to do her bit to help others. In this way, she is just like an angel sent by God. Somehow sh
17、e always tries to put herself on equality with every creature that comes near her. Tom and her become best friends, and they are bonded by the common love .,Simon Legree,Toms last master, the brutal Louisiana plantation owner Simon Legree, is one of the four most famous characters in Uncle Toms Cabi
18、n. Legree is evil, He has no redeeming features. He behaved with utterly inhuman cruelty. Once Legree appears, we know that Tom is doomed.,Topsy,Topsy appears in the novel relatively briefly. Still, the four characters from the book who have important effect on popular culture are Tom, Eva, Legree,
19、and Topsy, Topsy is a mischievous, clever little girl who hasnt been raised with any moral or intellectual instruction. “grew like Topsy”,Arthur Shelby,Toms first master, Mr. Shelby, is kind but careless. On his Kentucky farm, Mr. Shelby treats his slaves relatively humanely but when his mismanageme
20、nt of the household finances causes him to fall into debt, he breaks his word and his code of ethics and sells both Tom and Elizas son. He considers himself above the low slave trader, Haley, who buys them, but he doesnt fully reflect on the fact that his dealings with Haley implicate him in the ent
21、ire slave-trade system.,谈汤姆叔叔的小屋中人物的圣经原型,汤姆-耶稣基督小伊娃（Evangeline）-福音天使桑波与昆波-罪人,汤姆-耶稣基督,汤姆的遇难经历与耶稣基督极其相似汤姆死去的情形与耶稣基督惊人地相似汤姆和耶稣都清白无辜一生，都为他人犯下的罪行而死。两者都充满爱心，忠于信仰，宽容而且顺从。,小伊娃（Evangeline）-福音天使,Evangeline-天使的形象外形与精神气质依娃的体弱多病和早逝“以戏剧化的方式暗示她本不属于尘世,桑波与昆波-罪人,情节类似分别对应圣经中鞭打耶稣的罪人和另一个通过耶稣得以拯救的罪人,从汤姆叔叔的小屋看美国南部的黑人奴隶制 李秀娟 上海师范大学人文与传播学院上海200234谈汤姆叔叔的小屋中人物的圣经原型 刘正飞 嘉兴职业技术学院，浙江嘉兴314036 汤姆叔叔的小屋与社会意识形态 舒畅 上海工业技术大学 基础教学学院，上海 201620,论文解读,Thank you!,
