1、,名词性从句主语从句,Revision,3. 什么叫名词性从句？,在复合句中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句.,2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?,名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。,4. 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为_、_、_和_ 。,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,Chose the best answer: We dont know _ they did it.A. how B. who C. what D. which 2. This is _ I want to tell you.A. where B. what C. how D. whic
2、h,解题步骤： 判断从句类型。先找出主句谓语，位于实义动词后的是_，位于系动词后的是_，位于谓语动词前的是_。 分析从句的成分。若不缺少任何成分，则选_ 或 _;若缺少_语，则选用关系代词what whowhomwhichwhosewhateverwhoeverwhichever;若作_语，则选关系副词when where why who.关系词的确定还需根据意思来定。,宾语从句,表语从句,主语从句,that,whether,主、宾、表、定,状,Subject Clauses 主语从句,各种各样的主语,1）A tree has fallen across the road. 2）You are
3、 a student. 3）To live is to learn, to learn is to better live . 4） Smoking is bad for you. 5) It is certain whether we will succeed. 6）That she is able to come makes us happy.,名词,代词,不定式,动名词,形式主语,主语从句,一、 定义,在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句叫主语从句。,e.g. What he did in the earthquake moved everybody.,主语从句,谓语,宾语,That Chin
4、a will become more powerful is certain.,主语从句,谓语,表语,二、引导主语从句三大连接词：,1、 从属连词：that , whether,that 无词义,在从句中不作成分， 但不能省略,whether 意为“是否”，在从句中不作成分， 可放在句首或句末，但不可省略,e.g. she got the first prize made her parentsvery happy.,she will come or not is still a question.,无义,是否,That,Whether,练一练,1、_ we go there by train
5、 or by air is not clear. 2、_ she left him made him very sad.,Whether,That,2、连接代词：,不可省略,谁,不论谁,什么什么事,无论什么,哪一个,无论哪一个,谁的,主语宾语表语,定语,e.g. Whatever you do should do no harm to others. 无论你做什么都不应该伤害别人。 Who will take his place is not important.谁将代替他并不重要。,练一练,1、_ will host the meeting hasntbeen decided. 2、_car
6、 runs faster should be tested. 3、_ comes to our school is welcome. 4、_ side will win is not clear.,Who,Whose,Whoever,Which,3、连接副词：,不可省略,什么时候,在哪里,为什么,怎么样，如何,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语,方式状语,练一练,1、_ he didnt come yesterday is unknown. 2、_we will set up the factory should be discussed. 3、_ this happened is not clea
7、r.,Why,When/ Where,How / Why,三、用it 作形式主语的主语从句,常用句型如下： It+ be +名词+ that 从句 It+ be + 形容词+ that从句 It+ be + 过去分词+ that从句 It+ 不及物动词+ that从句 It + 及物动词+ 宾语+ that 从句,注解：一般来说主语从句都是放在 , 但有时为了使句子 ,避免”头重脚轻”, 常用 作 ，从而把主语从句放在,句首,保持平衡,it,形式主语,后面,1) It is + n. +that It is a pity/shame that. It is a surprise thatIt
8、is a fact thatIt is common knowledge that *_(很可惜)we lost the match. *_(这是事实)he cheated in the exam.,It is a pity that,It is a fact that,可惜的是,令人吃惊的是,事实是,是常识,2) It is + adj. +thatIts certain thatIt is possible/likely that. It is obvious/clear thatIt is true that*_(很可能)she will come back tomorrow. *_(很
9、明显) he is an English.,It is possible that,It is obvious that,肯定,很可能,很明显,的确,3) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that. It is known to all that. It is reported that. It is believed that. It is suggested that + (should）do. *_(据报道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建议)we should eat more vegetable and d
10、o more exercise.,It is reported that,It is suggested that,据说,众所周知,据报道,据相信;人们相信,建议,4) It +不及物动词+that It happened that. It occurred to me thatIt appears/seems thatIt turned out that *_(刚好)I was out yesterday. *_(我突然想起)I forgot to sent the letter.,It happened that,It occurred to me that,碰巧,我突然想起,似乎，好像,
11、原来,5) It + 及物动词 宾语+ that从句,It worried her that It shocked me that .,*_(让我吃惊的是) she treated in the exam.,It surprised me that,让她担心的是 ,让我震惊的是,1、That we cant go to see the movie on the weekend is a pity. 2、That his memory was becoming worse worried him a lot .,It is a pity that we cant go to see the mo
12、vie on the weekend.,It worried him a lot that his memory was becoming worse.,用it 作形式主语来改写下面的句子,改错,1、That is widely believed that smoking can cause cancer. 2、It is suggested that we will hold a meeting next week .,It （作形式主语）,解析：过去分词如果是suggested , ordered, requested 等表示建议，命令，请求等的词时，主语从句应用虚拟 语气，即“(shou
13、ld) + 动词原形”,(should) hold,四、 主语从句中应注意的问题,1、从句的语序要用陈述句的语序。,e.g. remains a mystery. 他为什么做那件事依然是个谜。,Why he did it,2、 从句做主语时，主句谓语动词的单复数,单个主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数,e.g. When we shall have our sports meeting not been decided yet.,由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时， 谓语动词也用单数,e.g. When and where we shall have our sports meeting no
14、t been decided yet.,has,has,如果用and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句 做主语时，谓语动词用复数,e.g. When they will start and where they will go not been decided yet.,have,注意,what 和who 引导主语从句时，主句谓语 的数应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。,What I need _ money. What I need _ books.,is,are,Who you will go with _ Lucy. Who you will go with _ the twins.,is,a
15、re,3、whether 引导的主语从句,如果用了 形式主语it ,引导词whether 可以换成if , 如果whether 从句在句首或后面有or not 时,不能换成if.,Whether they will sell the house is not decided yet. It is not decided yet whether they will sell the house.,不可用if替换,可用if替换,练习,_ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoe
16、ver D. Which,2. _ he has become a rich man is known to all in our town. A. Because B. That C. / D. What,3. _ I need is more time.A. That B. What C. / D. Which,4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where,5. _ Jack looked so excited is not clear.A. That B. Where C. when D. why,6. _ that we will go shopping this afternoon. A. It is a good idea B. It is a pity C. That is a good idea D. That is a pity,7. It was requested that everyone _ a speech at the meeting.,A. made B. makes C. be made D. make,
