1、网络教育公共基础课,大 学 英 语四川农业大学 夏新蓉,大学英语（C） Test 1,Part Reading Comprehension(阅读理解） Part Vocabulary and Structure Part Cloze（完型填空） Part V Writing（作文）,Part II Reading Comprehension( 30 points),Passage 1Animals perform many useful and entertaining jobs. Dogs are particularly valuable in guiding the blind (a t
2、rained dog can learn never to cross a busy road when cars are coming, even if his master command him to do so), protecting property, finding lost people, and hunting criminals. Horses are used in guarding herds, carrying men in lands where there are no roads, and helping farmers work their land. Pig
3、eons have long been used to carry message. Wild animals from the jungles, forests and seas are very popular performers in circuses(马戏团) and moving pictures. People realize that, although animals may not have the same intelligence as human beings, they are smart enough to learn certain things.The fir
4、st thing a dog is taught is to obey. It should not take too long for him to learn commands. Simple orders, such as “sit, lie down, stay there, come here,” can even be taught by a child.,Passage 1(continued),Training a dog to be watchdog(n.看门狗, 监察人(员), 监督人(员) often produces unexpected results. Some d
5、ogs quickly learn the difference between unwanted people and friends. This is because their masters welcome friends and invite them into their houses. However, some dogs will always attack the postmen who comes to deliver letters. One explanation for this behavior is that although the postman comes
6、to the house often, he never enters the house. Therefore, the dog thinks the postman is someone who is not wanted, but keeps coming back anyway.Masters of dogs who attack postman can easily show the dog that the postman is a friend and that the dog does not need to treat him as an unwanted person. A
7、 dog is quite ready to do what his master wishes. And a dog is always happy when he is praised for understanding correctly.,1 A dog feels happiest if, after he has worked well, .A) he gets a good piece of meatB) he gets praise from his masterC) he is allowed to be by himselfD) he is taken for a walk
8、解析：答案B。文章最后一般Masters of dogs who attack postman can easily show the dog that the postman is a friend and that the dog does not need to treat him as an unwanted person. A dog is quite ready to do what his master wishes. And a dog is always happy when he is praised for understanding correctly.说狗的主人比较容
9、易向狗表明，邮递员是朋友，不应当将他们当成不受欢迎的人。狗很乐意照主人的意愿办事，当它正确理解了主人的意思而受到嘉奖时，它自己也感到很幸福。,返回,2 Dogs who accompany(陪伴) blind people must learn .A) to obey all ordersB) to obey only safe ordersC) never to cross(横过) busy roadD) to cross roads when commanded(命令)解析：答案B。文章首先指出Animals perform many useful and entertaining job
10、s. Dogs are particularly valuable in guiding the blind (a trained dog can learn never to cross a busy road when cars are coming, even if his master command him to do so), protecting property, finding lost people, and hunting criminals.在帮助盲人走路、保护财产、寻找失踪的人和搜查犯罪分子方面狗是很有用处的。在讲到为盲人引路时，受过训练的狗即使在主人发出错误讯号时，
11、它也不会那样做。比如，主人命令它穿过交通拥挤并有车辆驶来的道路时，狗绝不会那样做。,返回,3 Which of the following shows training a watchdog often bring about unexpected result?A) Some dogs attack guests.B) Some dogs dont know the postman.C) Some dogs just sit and say there.D) Some dogs will attack the postman.解析：答案D。文章第三段Training a dog to be
12、watchdog(n.看门狗) often produces unexpected results. some dogs will always attack the postmen who comes to deliver letters. One explanation for this behavior is that although the postman comes to the house often, he never enters the house.说将狗训练成看门犬时常常产生料想不到的结果，因为有些狗总是对投递信件的邮递员进行攻击。文章接着便分析为什么会发生这种事情。,返
13、回,4Some dogs always attack the postman, because .A)they dont know the postman are friendsB) the dogs are not the watchdogsC) the postman never enters the houseD) the dogs masters never welcome the postman解析：答案C。文章第三段提及Some dogs quickly learn the difference between unwanted people and friends. This i
14、s because their masters welcome friends and invite them into their houses. However, some dogs will always attack the postmen who comes to deliver letters. One explanation for this behavior is that although the postman comes to the house often, he never enters the house. Therefore, the dog thinks the
15、 postman is someone who is not wanted, but keeps coming back anyway.狗攻击邮递员的原因：主人总是把朋友邀进家中，而邮递员通常是不进入家门的。,返回,5 Sometimes dogs can .A) send mails B) help the blindC) find lost purseD) help drive a car解析：答案B。比较所到其他几种情况，即send mails, find lost purse和help drive a car，狗能够发挥在帮助盲人方面的作用。,返回,Passage 2In 1933 l
16、ittle had changed in the everyday lives of the vast majority of rural Tennessee(n.田纳西州) Valley people since the turn of the century. Electricity was known on only three farms in a hundred. Light came from a kerosene(煤油)lamp, refrigeration from a cool spring or cellar, and heat from a fireplace or wo
17、od-burning stove.The simple act of getting water required back-breaking labor. The family with a good spring near the back door was fortunate indeed. Hand-dug wells provided water for many families. Buckets or tubes had to be lowered to the bottom of the well, 30, 40, or 50 feet down, and the water
18、pulled to the surface by rope. Monday was washday, and a busy day it was. Gallons of water had to be carried from the closest source, often a nearby stream. Fire was made under a cast-iron pot to boil the clothes, which were then scrubbed and rinsed(清洗)by hand before being hung out to dry. The warm,
19、 soapy water left over was used to wash the spring house, outdoor toilet, animal quarters, or anything else needing a good cleaning. The rinse water was used on the flowers. Nothing so hard obtained was wasted.Every member of the family, young and old, had work to do. Women were responsible for most
20、 of the chores around the house. During peak planting and harvesting seasons, they also joined their husbands and sons in the fields. The well-off and the poor shared in common many of the same chores.,6According to the passage, only three percent of families had .A) running water(自来水) B) refrigerat
21、ors(n.电冰箱, 冷藏库)C) electric lampsD) bathrooms(n.浴室, 盥洗室)解析：答案C。文章第一段In 1933 little had changed in the everyday lives of the vast majority(绝大多数) of rural Tennessee(n.田纳西州) Valley people since the turn of the century(n.19世纪未20世纪初,19世纪与20世纪转换交替时期). Electricity was known on only three farms in a hundred.
22、就指出，在上个世纪之交在田纳西谷地某处，每百户人家仅有三户才懂得如何用电。,返回,7 For many families getting water was .A) helped by government aidB) a hard jobC) easy because water was always close by(adv.在.近旁)D) helped by the building of a new water system解析：答案B。文章第二段开头The simple act of getting water required back-breaking(使人劳累至极的) labo
23、r.就说取水这个简单的事情也需要异常艰辛的劳动，接着讲述了取水是如何辛苦费劲。,返回,8 The rinse(漂洗) water from the washing of clothes was used on .A) gardening B) the toilet(n.盥洗室, 梳洗)C) floorsD) automobile解析：答案A。此文第二段讲述人们如何使用辛勤得来的水，其中讲到The rinse water was used on the flowers. Nothing so hard obtained was wasted.清洗衣服的水被用来浇花。,返回,9 Women wer
24、e responsible for .A) the work in the fields during busy seasonsB) most of housework during harvesting seasonsC) both house work and farming during busy seasonsD) the hard work in the field all the year round解析：答案C。文章最后一段讲那个时候家中人人都很辛苦， Women were responsible for most of the chores (n.家务杂事)around the
25、 house. During peak(最高峰) planting and harvesting seasons, they also joined their husbands and sons in the fields.女人在家中承担了绝大部分家务活动，不仅如此，播种和收获的季节女人还要与丈夫和子女一起在地里干活。,返回,10 “The well-off(富裕的) and the poor shared in common many of the same chores” means .A) “The poor had to do more everyday tasks”B) “Both
26、 the rich and the poor had to do the most difficult work”C) “Only the poor had to do as many of the same chores”D) “Both the rich and the poor had to do as many of the same everyday tasks” 解析：答案D。此文结束时不仅讲到家中男女和女人分工的情况，而且还讲到富裕和贫穷家庭都得做许多同样的家务事情。shared in common:分享,返回,Passage 3Before going to Moscow(n.
27、莫斯科(俄罗斯首都) I had heard about consumer shortages. But only when we began to shop there did the Russian consumers problems really have meaning for me. Customers over the world wait in lines, but Soviet lines have a special quality all their own. Typically the Soviet woman spends two hours a day in lin
28、e, seven days a week. Personally, I have known of people who stood in line 90 minutes to buy four pineapples(n.凤梨, 菠萝), and 3 hours to buy three large heads of cabbage(n.植甘蓝, 卷心菜), only to find the cabbages were gone as they approached the front of the line. Lines can run from a few yards(n.院子, 码) t
29、o nearly a mile. Some friends of ours watched a line of people in Moscow signing up to buy rugs. The line lasted two days and nights and ran four across all through an apartment development.In spite of all of this, the natural reaction of a Russian woman when she sees a line forming is to get in it
30、immediately even before she knows what is being sold. However, Soviet lines are more fluid(adj.流动的, 不固定的, 可改变的,) than they appear. In most stores, for example, shoppers must stand in not one but three lines for any purchasethe first, to select a purchase and find out its price; the second, to pay a
31、cashier(n.出纳员,) somewhere else in the store and get a receipt(n.收条, 收据); and the third, to go to pick up purchase and turn in the receipt.,11 The first paragraph of this passage discusses .A) general qualities of shopping lines around the worldB) the length of time it takes to buy cabbage(n.植甘蓝, 卷心菜
32、)and pineapples(n.凤梨, 菠萝), C) the special qualities of shopping lines in the Soviet UnionD) the reasons why the Soviet people have to stand in line for any purchases解析：答案C。文章第一段暗示了前苏联社会中消费品匮乏，经常排队购物,第三句话提及 Customers over the world wait in lines, but Soviet lines have a special quality all their own.
33、 世界上所有地方的顾客购物都会排队，但前苏联的排长队却有自身的一种特殊性质，接下来说这种特殊性质表现在什么地方。,返回,12 Typically the Soviet Woman takes .A) seven hours a day in line, seven days a weekB) seven hours a day in line, two days a weekC) two hours a day in line, two days a weekD) two hours a day in line, seven days a week解析：答案D。文章第一段中第四句讲到Typic
34、ally the Soviet woman spends two hours a day in line, seven days a week.前苏联妇女通常一天排两小时的队，一周排7天。,返回,13 “Soviet lines are more fluid(adj.流动的, 不固定的, 可改变的) than they appear.” means .A) Soviet lines are more flexible(adj.柔韧性, 易曲的, 灵活的,) than they appearB) Soviet lines are more watery(adj.似水的, 潮湿的) than th
35、ey appearC) Soviet lines are more usual than they appearD) Soviet lines are longer than they appear解析：答案A。文章第一段第三句就评价前苏联的排长队实际上比表面上看来更具灵活性，接着就举例加以说明In most stores, for example, shoppers must stand in not one but three lines for any purchasethe first, to select a purchase and find out its price; the
36、second, to pay a cashier(n.出纳员,) somewhere else in the store and get a receipt(n.收条, 收据); and the third, to go to pick up purchase and turn in the receipt.,返回,14 The natural reaction of a Russian woman when she sees a line forming is .A) to get in(进入,抵达) the line immediately(立即)B) to judge how many
37、people there areC) to go home to ask for helpD) to know what is being sold解析：答案A。文章第二段第一句就说出the natural reaction of a Russian woman when she sees a line forming is to get in it immediately even before she knows what is being sold.前苏联妇女对排长队的自然反应是不管卖什么先排上队是最重要的。,返回,15 Shopping in the Soviet Union is .
38、A) very complicated B) amusing (adj.有趣的)C) pleasantD) well-organized解析：答案A。读完文章之后就应当归纳出这样的结论，在前苏联购物是十分复杂的事情。如买任何东西都要排队,排队时间长,不同队列做不同事.,返回,返,Passage 4It is not known how many workers have died from complications caused by byssinosis (n.绵纤维吸入性肺炎)or even the number now suffering from the disease, but e
39、stimates indicate that the victims run into the thousands. One federal(同盟) estimate is that 230 000mill（纺织） workers are exposed to(面临) conditions that might result in the disease. In some areas of cotton mills, such as the rooms where packs of raw cotton are opened or the cotton is cleaned and carde
40、d, 20 per cent or more of the workers have byssinosis, according to the federal figures.But the changes are slow in coming. A few textile companies, among them Cone Mills and Burlington Industries, Inc., the largest textile firm in the United States, have started medical programs for their mill work
41、ers and are attempting to reduce dust levels in some locations. But many other companies are holding back, waiting to see what the law will require them to do.It will be up to the federal government(联邦政府), through the Occupational Safety and Health Administration(职业安全与保健管理总署), to set permissible lev
42、els for cotton dust in the air. The agency, whose job is to set and enforce(执行,加强) health standards for American workers, has been promising a cotton dust standard for several years, but still has not come up with one. However, OSHAs research arm has recommended that a tough standard of 0.2 of a mil
43、ligram(n.毫克) of dust be accepted.,16 How many workers have been suffering the diseasebyssinosis(n.绵纤维吸入性肺炎)?A) More than 2 000.B) Less than 1 000.C) 230 000.D) 23 000.解析：答案A。文章第一段第一句It is not known how many workers have died from complications caused by byssinosis (n.绵纤维吸入性肺炎)or even the number now
44、suffering from the disease, but estimates indicate that the victims run into the thousands.说不知道有多少工人死于那种疾病，也不知道现在有多少正在患这种疾病，但有人估计死者和患者达数千之多。因此，A比较接近这个数字。,返回,17 The second paragraph of this passage implies that .A) industry controls have to be established by lawB) most textile companies(纺织场) will att
45、empt to reduce dust levelsC) Burlington Industries, Inc. is the largest textile company in U.S.A.D) it is quite easy for all textile companies to take actions(采取行动)解析：答案A。文章第二段第二句话讲到A few textile companies, have started medical programs for their mill workers and are attempting to reduce dust levels
46、 in some locations. But many other companies are holding back(踌躇,退缩不前), waiting to see what the law will require them to do.少数公司已采取医疗措施试图降低某些区域的灰尘度，但更多的公司仍持观望态度,在等待法律对他们作什么具体要求。因此答案A”公司管理建立在法律之上”为正确答案.,返回,18 “Many other companies are holding back, waiting to see what the law will require them to do.
47、”Means that many other companies .A) are avoiding taking any action unless the law will ask them to doB) are slowly taking actionC) are stubbornly(adv.倔强地, 顽固地) refusing to take actionD) are immediately(立即) taking action 解析：答案A。文章第二段第二句话讲到A few textile companies, have started medical programs for th
48、eir mill workers and are attempting to reduce dust levels in some locations. But many other companies are holding back(踌躇,退缩不前), waiting to see what the law will require them to do.少数公司已采取医疗措施试图降低某些区域的灰尘度，但更多的公司仍持观望态度,在等待法律对他们作什么具体要求。,返回,19 “It will be up to the federal government (联邦政府)” means that
49、 .A) it will have reached the highest level of governmentB) the next in line will be the federal governmentC) it will be the responsibility of the federal governmentD) the federal government can do something, but quite limited解析：答案C。文章第三段第一句中to be up to的意思是to be ones responsibility,由作决定,由负责,返回,20 Which standard of cotton dust would be least acceptable to mill managers?A) I milligram. B) 0.1 of a milligram.C) 0.2 of a milligram.D) 0.25 of a milligram.解析：答案C。文章第三段讲到工厂中粉尘的标准至少在0.2 of a milligram以下。 0.2 of a milligram是可接受的极限.,
