1、专题二 名词,中考英语 (江苏专用),考点一 名词的数和格 (2014盐城,9)The online shop sells clothing at a very good price. A.child and mans B.children and mens C.childrens and men D.childrens and mens答案 D 句意:这家网店以很优惠的价格出售童装和男装。本题考查名词所有格。当表达 两者分别拥有时,在两者后分别加上(s),构成所有格,故选D项。,A组 2014-2018年江苏中考题组,五年中考,1.(2018苏州,6)The boy has been mis
2、sing for five days and his parents are worried about his . A.attention B.safety C.action D.growth答案 B 句意:这个男孩已经失踪5天了,他的父母很担心他的安全。本题考查名词词义辨 析。attention注意力;safety安全;action行动;growth成长。根据句意选B项。,考点二 名词词义辨析,2.(2018南京,11)Do you have this T-shirt in a small ? Im afraid not. It only comes in medium. A.size B
3、.colour C.material D.taste答案 A 句意:你有这件T恤衫的小号吗?恐怕没有。它只有中号。本题考查名词 词义辨析。size尺寸,大小;colour颜色;material材料;taste味道。根据答语中It only comes in medium.可知,此处询问衣服的大小,故选A项。,3.(2018连云港,8)National Treasure quickly rose to the top television rating ranks after it was pre- sented on CCTV. It means a growing in traditiona
4、l culture among Chinas youth. A.interest B.direction C.habit D.dream答案 A 句意:国家宝藏在CCTV播出之后,迅速攀升至收视率排行榜的首位。它意味 着中国的年轻人对传统文化越来越感兴趣了。本题考查名词词义辨析。interest兴趣;direction 方向;habit习惯;dream梦想。国家宝藏收视率高的原因是年轻人对传统文化感兴趣,inter- est符合语境,故选A项。深度解析 本题语境关于热门电视节目国家宝藏,话题紧跟时代,贴近生活,让人耳目一 新。这也要求考生在复习备考期间,不能两耳不闻窗外事。,4.(2018宿迁
5、,4)Wu Wei, a young artist, has received high from the art community for his sculptures. A.pride B.praise C.promise D.progress答案 B 句意:吴伟,一位年轻的艺术家,因为他的雕塑作品而得到了艺术界的高度赞扬。本 题考查名词词义辨析。pride骄傲;praise表扬,赞扬;promise承诺;progress进步。receive high praise获得高度赞扬,符合语境,故选B项。,5.(2018盐城,4)Please give me some on how to sp
6、end the coming weekend. A.space B.advice C.praise D.courage答案 B 句意:请就如何度过即将到来的周末给我些建议。本题考查名词词义辨析。space 空间;advice建议;praise表扬;courage勇气。根据on how to.可知,这是在征求建议,advice符合 语境,故选B项。,6.(2018扬州,8)The Queqiao satellite(卫星)will form a bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon. A.contribu
7、tion B.communication C.celebration D.competition答案 B 句意:鹊桥卫星将在地面控制器和月球背面之间建立起一座交流的桥梁。contribu- tion贡献;communication交流;celebration庆祝;competition竞争。有了卫星,通讯交流变得方便 了,故选B项。,7.(2018徐州,4)If you dont feel well, youd better ask for help. A.a policeman B.an accountant C.a pilot D.a doctor答案 D 句意:如果你感觉不舒服,你最好找
8、医生帮忙。本题考查名词词义辨析。policeman 警察;accountant会计;pilot飞行员;doctor医生。根据语境选D项。试题评析 本题看似考名词词义辨析,实质还要求考生分清不同职业的工作性质、特点。这 需要考生平时积累生活常识。,8.(2017扬州,10) My grandpa knows the history and medical of many plants. A.wealth B.price C.value D.cost答案 C 句意:我爷爷了解很多植物的历史和药用价值。本题考查名词词义辨析。wealth财 富,财产;price价格;value价值;cost花费。根据
9、句意选C项。,9.(2017南京,4)I go swimming every day. Wow!Thats a good . It keeps you healthy. A.match B.task C.habit D.dream答案 C 句意:我每天去游泳。哇!那是一个好习惯。它使你保持身体健康。本题 考查名词词义辨析。match比赛,火柴;task任务;habit习惯;dream梦想。根据题干第一句的go swimming every day可知,每天游泳是一个习惯。故选C项。,10.(2016苏州,9)Steve Jobs was full of always coming up wit
10、h new ideas which led to great changes in society. A.instruction B.invitation C.introduction D.invention答案 D 句意:史蒂夫乔布斯充满创造力,他总能想出新主意,引起社会的重大改变。本题考 查名词词义辨析。instruction说明,指示;invitation邀请;introduction引进,介绍;invention发明,创 造力。根据句意可知选D项。 深度解析 此题四个备选选项都以-tion结尾,命题者试图通过相同后缀的名词来考查考生对 形近词的掌握,其实有些词意义相去甚远,如本题,只要
11、掌握四个备选选项的基本词义,再加上 破折号后的内容,考生很快就能做出正确的选择。这种命题方式也是一种趋势。,11.(2016宿迁,7)When the man went through the forest alone, he lost his and felt afraid. A.task B.work C.way D.job 答案 C 句意:当那个男人独自一人穿过森林的时候,他迷路了,感到很害怕。本题考查名词 词义辨析。task任务;work工作;way路;job工作。根据句意可知选C。,12.(2016扬州,12)Why not buy a second-hand flat first
12、if you dont have enough money? Thats a good . A.saying B.question C.suggestion D.decision答案 C 句意:如果你没有足够的钱,为什么不先买一套二手公寓呢?好建议。本题 考查名词词义辨析。saying谚语,俗语;question问题;suggestion建议;decision决定。根据语境可 知对方提供了一个建议。故选C项。,13.(2015苏州,3)None of them talked.They finished their meal in . A.silence B.order C.place D.pu
13、blic答案 A 句意:他们都不说话,一声不吭地吃完了饭。本题考查名词词义辨析。介词in和四 个名词都能构成短语,in silence沉默地;in order准备好,就绪;in place在正确位置,准备妥当;in public公开地。由None of them talked.可知应选A项。,14.(2015镇江,4)After reading the novel Treasure Island,Paul has more than before because of the main character,brave Jim. A.humour B.wealth C.luck D.courag
14、e答案 D 句意:在读过小说金银岛之后,保罗因为勇敢的主人公吉姆而比以前更有勇气 了。本题考查名词词义辨析。humour幽默;wealth财富;luck运气;courage勇气。由句子结尾处 的brave Jim可知,保罗受吉姆的影响比以前更有勇气了,故选D项。深度解析 此题难度一般,但命题者在设计此题时,抓住了考生的弱点,即只看空格前的内容就 作出选择,往往忽略空格后的内容,考生会受treasure这个词的影响而误选wealth或luck,句末的 brave才是题眼,才能帮助考生作出正确的选择。,15.(2015常州,5)Could you tell me the of making suc
15、h tasty cakes? Well,I just follow the instructions in the cookbook. A.time B.method C.cost D.menu答案 B 句意:你能告诉我制作如此美味蛋糕的方法吗?噢,我只是按照烹饪书上的 说明做的。本题考查名词词义辨析。time时间;method方法;cost花费;menu菜单。根据语境可 知此处指做蛋糕的方法,故选B项。,16.(2014连云港,12)Nobody knows which team will win the 2014 World Cup in Brazil. Yes.That is the o
16、f the beautiful game. A.question B.luck C.hope D.magic答案 D 句意:没人知道哪一支球队会获得2014年巴西世界杯的冠军。是的,那正 是精彩赛事的魅力。本题考查名词词义辨析。question问题;luck运气;hope希望;magic魅力,魔 力,神奇。根据句意选D项。,考点一 名词的数和格 1.(2018新疆,28)Hurry up!Some and are on sale in the supermarket. A.tomato;egg B.tomatoes;egg C.tomatoes;eggs D.tomato;eggs 答案 C
17、句意:快点儿!一些西红柿和鸡蛋正在超市打折销售。本题考查名词复数。tomato 和egg为可数名词且由Some修饰,应用复数形式,故选C。,B组 2014-2018年全国中考题组,2.(2018广东,32)The three upstairs are too small to have enough for a double bed. A.room,room B.room,rooms C.rooms,room D.rooms,rooms答案 C 句意:楼上的三个房间都太小了,没有足够的空间放一张双人床。本题考查名词。 room意为“房间”时作可数名词,意为“空间”时作不可数名词,根据句意可知答
18、案为C。知识拓展 在英语中,部分名词既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词,但两者在意义上是不同 的。如:experience作可数名词时,意为“经历”,作不可数名词时,意为“经验”;glass作可数名 词时,意为“玻璃杯”,作不可数名词时,意为“玻璃”。,3.(2015广东,28)Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous in American . A.symbol;culture B.symbol;cultures C.symbols;culture D.symbols;cultures答案 C 句意:米老鼠是美国文化中最著名的象征之一。本题考查名词的数。根据
19、“one of +the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”可排除A、B两项;第二空指美国文化,应用单数,故选C 项。,4.(2015山东临沂,19)I live near the station.Its only about five walk. A.minutes B.minute C.minutes D.minutes答案 C 句意:我住在车站附近。只有大概步行5分钟的路程。本题考查名词所有格的用 法。空格前有five,其后的名词应用复数,排除A、B两项;以-s结尾的名词复数的所有格一般在 末尾直接加“”,故选C项。,1.(2018安徽,32)What is the of your excel
20、lent spoken English? Practice makes perfect! A.result B.influence C.duty D.secret答案 D 句意:你的口语极好,秘诀是什么?熟能生巧!本题考查名词词义辨析。re- sult 结果;influence影响;duty职责;secret秘诀。回答的是学习方法,故要问口语说得好的秘诀。知识拓展 practice makes perfect是英语谚语,表示“熟能生巧”。考生要多掌握英语谚语,培 养语感。如:no pain,no gain不劳则无获。,考点二 名词词义辨析,2.(2018湖北黄冈,26)Im thirsty,
21、Mom. Id like something to drink. We only have some in the fridge. A.oranges B.ice-cream C.juice D.cheese答案 C 句意:我渴了,妈妈。我想要一些喝的东西。我们的冰箱里只有一些果 汁。本题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意为“橘子”;B选项意为“冰激凌”;C选项意为“果 汁”;D选项意为“奶酪”。由句意可知本题选择C。,3.(2018江西,32)I live near a big . It gets very noisy on match days. A.hospital B.store C.bank
22、 D.playground答案 D 句意:我住在一个大操场附近。在比赛的日子里它变得很吵闹。本题考查名词词 义辨析。根据后句中的on match days可知,此处是操场(playground)。hospital医院;store商店; bank银行。思路分析 选项要放在语境中来思考,句子的意思要符合逻辑。只有playground与noisy、 match相符。,4.(2018辽宁沈阳,1)Small cars are useful in cities with narrow . A.streets B.cinemas C.squares D.shops答案 A 句意:小汽车在街道狭窄的城市里有
23、用。本题考查名词词义辨析。street街道;cin- ema电影院;square广场;shop商店。根据句意可知选A。,5.(2018天津,24)Her smile made me feel warm and lively. It was like a hidden . A.competition B.interview C.treasure D.tradition答案 C 句意:她的笑容使我感到温暖和活力。它就像是一个隐藏的宝藏。此题考查名词 词义辨析。competition竞赛;interview面试,采访;treasure宝藏,珍宝;tradition传统。根据句意和 名词含义,选择C。
24、解题思路 考生要根据上句提示进行理解,比较四个选项名词的含义,故而得出答案。,6.(2018湖北武汉,36)Kate, Im going shopping. Anything to buy for you? Yes, that will save me a . A.hand B.trip C.visit D.bill答案 B 句意:凯特,我要去购物。需要为你买些东西吗?是的,那将会省去我一趟 行程。本题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意为“手”;B选项意为“旅行;行程”;C选项意为 “参观;拜访”;D选项意为“账单”。根据句意可知本题选择B。,7.(2017上海,32)Did the policema
25、n give much on how to protect personal information? A.note B.tip C.advice D.book答案 C 句意:那个警察给出了许多关于怎样保护个人信息的建议吗?本题考查名词词义辨 析。note为可数名词,意为“笔记,便条”;tip为可数名词,意为“小费,窍门”;advice为不可数 名词,意为“建议”;book为可数名词,意为“书”。由本空前的much可知本空应填不可数名 词,故本题选择C。,8.(2017重庆A卷,24)Judy, I will have a meeting in Canada next week. Well,
26、youd better take a with you, or you may easily get lost. A.photo B.stamp C.map D.postcard答案 C 句意:Judy,下周我要在加拿大开会。噢,你最好随身带张地图,否则你可能 会很容易迷路的。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据“在加拿大开会”和“迷路”可以判断应 该是带“地图”。故选C项。,9.(2017河南,23)If you fight hard, know who you are, and are proud of who you are, youve got a good of winning. A.choi
27、ce B.chance C.decision D.direction答案 B 句意:如果你努力拼搏,知道你是谁,而且你为自己感到骄傲,那么你就很有可能获 胜。本题考查名词词义辨析。choice选择;chance可能性,机会;decision决定;direction方向。故 选B项。,10.(2017江西,30)Do you have any for tonight yet? Not yet. What about having a picnic on the beach? A.problems B.news C.plans D.rules答案 C 句意:你今晚有什么计划吗?还没有。在海滩上野餐
28、怎么样?本题考查名 词词义辨析。problem问题;news新闻;plan计划;rule规矩。根据语境可知,两人正在商量晚上的 “计划”,故选C项。,11.(2017湖北武汉,36)I wonder if youve made a decision on the project,Eric. Not yet. I cant make it until I have first-hand on prices. A.news B.knowledge C.information D.education答案 C 句意:我想知道关于这个项目你是否已经作出了决定, 埃里克。还没有。 直到我拥有第一手的价格信
29、息才能决定。本题考查名词词义辨析。news新闻; knowledge知 识;information信息;education教育。根据句意可知选C项。,12.(2017湖北黄冈,28)Whats your prediction about the of our school basketball match next week? I am sure Class 8 will be the winner. A.teammate B.result C.information D.player答案 B 句意:你对下周我们学校篮球比赛结果的预测是什么?我确信八班将会获 胜。本题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意
30、为“队友”;B选项意为“结果”;C选项意为“信 息”;D选项意为“运动员”。根据句意可知本题选择B。,13.(2016天津,26)Every year many foreign friends come to see the of Tianjin, such as Tian- jin Eye and the Haihe River. A.concerts B.plays C.cartoons D.sights答案 D 句意:每年有许多外国朋友来看天津的美景,例如天津之眼和海河。本题考查名词 词义辨析。 concert音乐会; play戏剧;cartoon漫画;sight风景。天津之眼和海河都是
31、景点,故选 D项。,14.(2016安徽,32)Cathy has such a good that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year. A.sleep B.idea C.voice D.time答案 C 句意:Cathy有如此好的嗓音以至于她去年在歌唱比赛中得了许多奖。本题考查名 词词义辨析。sleep睡眠;idea想法;voice 嗓音;time时间。根据句意可知答案为C项。,15.(2016河南,22)Are you going out with Jade tonight? Thats my . Mind your
32、 own! A.offer B.business C.question D.chance答案 B 句意:你今晚要和Jade一起外出吗?那是我的事,管好你自己吧!本题考查名 词词义辨析。offer提议;business生意,事情;question问题;chance机会。根据下文可知第二个人 认为要不要和Jade出去是他自己的事,不用别人管,故选B项。,16.(2016河北,29)Your is very helpful. I guess Ill take it. A.secret B.advice C.promise D.purpose答案 B 句意:你的建议非常有用。我想我会采纳它。本题考查名
33、词词义辨析。secret秘密; advice建议;promise承诺;purpose目的。句中it指代your advice, take ones advice听从某人的建 议,其他三个备选选项都不和take搭配。故选B项。,17.(2015内蒙古包头,26)If you can speak English well,you will have a great over others while looking for a job. A.activity B.article C.agreement D.advantage答案 D 句意:如果你的英语能说得很好,你在找工作的时候将比别人有很大的优
34、势。本题 考查名词词义辨析。activity活动;article文章;agreement协议;advantage优势。have an advan- tage over sb.胜过/优于某人。故选D项。,18.(2015河南,22)Is this photo taken in Tibet? Yes.You can see beautiful snow mountains in the of the photo. A.form B.background C.shape D.introduction答案 B 句意:这张照片是在西藏拍的吗?是的,你可以在照片的背景中看到美丽的 雪山。本题考查名词词义辨
35、析。form形式;background背景;shape形状;introduction介绍。根据 句意可知选择B项。,19.(2015浙江温州,2)Annie has a ,and she is going to see her dentist today. A.cold B.fever C.cough D.toothache答案 D 句意:Annie 牙疼,今天她打算去看牙医。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据dentist可知 选D项。,20.(2015江西,29)There are lots of that students have to follow in school. A.exercise
36、s B.problems C.skills D.rules答案 D 句意:学校里有很多学生必须遵守的规则。本题考查名词词义辨析。exercise练习; problem问题;skill技巧;rule规则。that引导定语从句,空格处应为定语从句的先行词。根据句 意和关键词follow可知,此处应构成搭配follow the rules“遵守规则”,故选D项。,21.(2015山东德州,27)The New York Times is a popular daily . A.dictionary B.magazine C.newspaper D.guidebook答案 C 句意:纽约时报是一份流行
37、的日报。本题考查名词词义辨析。dictionary词典; magazine杂志;newspaper报纸;guidebook指南。根据常识可知,The New York Times是一份报纸, 故选C项。,22.(2014河南,22)You may go to Milan for a free trip. Its a very kind ,but I really cant accept it. A.excuse B.offer C.promise D.decision答案 B 句意:你可以免费去米兰旅游。这是一个非常好的提议,但我真的不能接 受它。本题考查名词词义辨析。excuse借口;off
38、er 提议;promise 承诺;decision决定。根据句意 可知选B项。,23.(2014浙江宁波,21)Mum,I want to buy an iPhone 5s for a change. Well,I think there is no .Its almost the same as an iPhone 4S. A.reason B.need C.answer D.way答案 B 句意:妈妈,我想换手机,买一个iPhone 5s。哦,我认为没有必要。它几乎和 iPhone 4S一样。本题考查名词词义辨析。reason原因;need需要;answer答案;way方法。根据 句意可知
39、应选B项。,24.(2014湖北黄冈,31)What bowl of noodles would you like,small,medium or large? A large bowl of beef noodles,please. A.color B.price C.size D.kind答案 C 句意:你想要小碗、中碗还是大碗的面条?我要一大碗牛肉面,谢谢。本题 考查名词词义辨析。color 颜色;price价钱;size大小,尺码;kind种类。根据答语的“一大碗”可 知应该选择C项。,25.(2014浙江杭州,19)I am tired.This is not the right t
40、o ask me to go for a walk. A.moment B.chance C.place D.season答案 A 句意:我累了。这不是叫我外出散步的合适时刻。本题考查名词词义辨析。mo- ment时刻;chance机会;place地方;season季节。由上句I am tired.可知选A项。,1.(2018浙江温州,2)What was the of the football match last night? AC Milan won the game. A.value B.result C.choice D.decision答案 B 句意:昨天晚上的足球赛的结果是什么?
41、AC米兰赢得了这次比赛。本题考 查名词词义辨析。value价值;result结果;choice选择;decision决定。 解题关键 根据题干中“won the game” 可知问话人想知道比赛的结果。,C组 教师专用题组,2.(2017江苏宿迁,3)Could you give me a few on how to spend the coming summer hol- iday? OK. Let me see. A.hobbies B.knowledge C.suggestions D.information答案 C 句意:你能给我一些关于如何度过即将来临的暑假的建议吗?好的,让我想 想
42、。本题考查名词词义辨析。hobby业余爱好;knowledge知识;suggestion建议;information信 息。a few后跟可数名词复数,give sb. suggestions给某人建议,符合语境。故选C项。,3.(2017天津,24)Dont stand too close to North Americans. Youd better give them more personal . A.time B.system C.space D.pity答案 C 句意:别站得离北美人太近。你最好给他们更多的个人空间。本题考查名词词义 辨析。A项意为“时间”,B项意为“系统”,C项意
43、为“空间”,D项意为“遗憾”。根据句意 选C项。,4.(2016江苏连云港,8)Its useful for the deaf people to learn sign language. Yes,its a major way of for them. A.suggestion B.vacation C.production D.communication答案 D 句意:学习手语对于耳聋的人很有用。是的,这是他们的一种主要的交流 方式。本题考查名词词义辨析。suggestion建议;vacation假期;production生产;communication 交流,a major way of
44、 communication一种主要的交流方式,符合题意。故选D项。,5.(2016重庆A卷,25)Its hot today. Have some , please. No, thanks. Im not thirsty at all. A.water B.potatoes C.bread D.cakes答案 A 句意:今天很热,请喝点水吧。不,谢谢。我一点也不渴。本题考查名词辨 析。由thirsty可知上文提到的应该是喝的东西,只有water符合语境。,6.(2016湖北襄阳,27)Look!So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there
45、. Theyre for public. This of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyang City. A.number B.pair C.kind D.piece答案 C 句意:看!那边如此多色彩鲜艳的自行车排成两排。它们是公用的。这种 智能环保的交通工具在襄阳市到处可见。本题考查名词词义辨析。number数量;pair双,对; kind种类;piece片。,7.(2015江苏泰州,11)Im tired out these days. Well,youd better keep a between work and play. A
46、.promise B.diary C.balance D.secret答案 C 句意:这些天我累坏了。嗯,你最好在工作和休息之间保持平衡。本题考 查名词词义辨析。promise诺言;diary日记;balance平衡;secret秘密。keep a balance between. and.在和之间保持平衡。故选C项。,8.(2015天津,24)In 1998,Liu Xiangs in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping. A.ability B.trade C.electricity D.memory答案 A 句意:在1998年,刘翔在跨栏赛跑方面所具备
47、的能力被孙海平注意到。本题考查名 词词义辨析。ability能力;trade贸易;electricity电;memory记忆。根据句意可知选择A项。,9.(2015广西南宁,28)Maori people in New Zealand touch when they meet. A.trees B.noses C.caps D.desks答案 B 句意:新西兰毛利人见面时碰鼻子。本题考查名词词义辨析。tree树;nose鼻子;cap 帽子;desk课桌。根据句意及外国礼仪知识可知答案为B项。评析 本题选材较好。在考查学生名词的同时也让学生了解了新西兰毛利人的一些礼仪知 识。,10.(2015河
48、北,29)Could you please take my picture? Here is my . A.printer B.radio C.player D.camera答案 D 句意:你能给我照张相片吗?这是我的照相机。本题考查名词辨析。printer打印机; radio收音机;player 播放器;camera照相机。根据take my picture 可知答案为D项。,11.(2015安徽,36)How can I get some about the 2016 Olympic Games? Why not search the Internet? A.information B.experience C.practice D.success答案 A 句意:我怎样能得到一些有关2016年奥运会的信息呢?为什么不上网查一 下呢?本题考查名词辨析。information信息;experience经验;practice练习;success成功。根据句 意可知答案为A项。,
