1、专题九 定语从句和名词性从句,高考英语 (天津市专用),考点一 定语从句 1.(2018天津夏,2)Kate, sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. A.whom B.that C.whose D.her,五年高考,答案 C 句意:凯特去澳大利亚工作了。大学期间我和她妹妹共住一个房间。本题考查定 语从句。先行词为Kate,将先行词代入定语从句后为“I shared a room with Kates sister when we were at college.”。
2、由此可见,先行词与sister之间是所属关系,应用关系词whose,故答案为C 项。whom指“人”,在定语从句中作宾语;that指“人”或“物”,在定语从句中作主语、宾 语;her不能引导定语从句。,2.(2018天津春,7)There was a long wait at the reception desk, everyone was checking in. A.why B.which C.whom D.where,答案 D 句意:接待处排起了长队,大家都正在这里办理登记手续。考查定语从句。先行词 为the reception desk,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故选关系副词whe
3、re。,3.(2018北京,5)She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit. A.which B.who C.as D.that,答案 A 句意:她和家人都骑自行车上班,这有助于他们保持健康。本题考查定语从句。根 据题干可知,从句修饰的是前面的主句,“她和家人骑自行车上班”这件事充当了定语从句中 的主语成分,且此定语从句前有逗号,是非限制性定语从句,所以用which引导。,4.(2018江苏,23)Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on th
4、e same start- ing line. A.that B.where C.which D.when,答案 B 句意:无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其他国家处在同一起跑线上的领域。考查定语 从句。设空处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词an area。将先行词代入定语从句后为:China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line in the area. 由此可知,关系词在定语从句中作地 点状语,所以要用关系副词where引导。,5.(2017天津夏,9)My eldest son, work takes him all over
5、 the world, is in New York at the moment. A.that B.whose C.his D.who,答案 B 句意:我最大的儿子现在在纽约,他的工作让他走遍世界各地。本题考查定语从 句。先行词是My eldest son,将先行词代入定语从句后为“My eldest sons work takes him all over the world.”,故用whose引导从句。,6.(2017天津春,13)I have reached a point in my career I need to decide which way to go. A.that B.
6、where C.which D.why,答案 B 句意:我的事业到了需要决定何去何从的阶段。考查定语从句。先行词point在此 处意为“发展的阶段”,表示抽象的地点,故用where。,7.(2017北京,31)The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. A.that B.as C.where D.when,答案 A 句意:我们在日常生活中遇到的小麻烦有可能成为伟大发明的灵感。本题考查定 语从句。题干中,The little problems是先行词,从句中缺少宾
7、语,因此用that引导定语从句,选择A项。,8.(2017江苏,28)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A.which B.its C.whose D.whom,答案 C 句意:1963年,联合国成立了世界粮食计划署,这个机构的目标之一是缓解全球范围 的饥荒。本题考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是the World Food Programme,与定语从句中 的purposes是所属关系,即the World Food Progra
8、mmes purposes,故选择C项。,9.(2016天津,9)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better. A.that B.where C.which D.when,答案 D 句意:我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周,届时天气可能会更好。考查定语从句。 先行词为next week,非限制性定语从句中缺少时间状语,故用when。that不能引导非限制性定 语从句;where引导定语从句时,其先行词为地点,并在从句中作地点状语;which引导定语从句 时在从句中作主语或宾语。,
9、10.(2016北京,22)I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise. A.whose B.why C.where D.which,答案 A 句意:我隔壁住着一对夫妻,他们的孩子经常制造很多噪音。考查定语从句。根据 题干可知,先行词为a couple,设空处在定语从句中作children的定语,因此选择whose。,11.(2016浙江,11)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of has
10、 been proved. A.whom B.which C.what D.that,答案 B 句意:就人类为什么哭出眼泪科学家提出来许多理论,但没有一项理论得到过证 明。考查定语从句。先行词为theories,故用which引导非限制性定语从句。,12.(2016江苏,23)Many young people,most were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A.of which B.of them C.of whom D.of those,答案 C 句意:很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想,
11、他们中大部分都受过良好的教 育。考查定语从句。most were well-educated为定语从句,先行词为many young people, 指人,故排除A项;B项和D项都不能引导从句,故选C项。,13.(2015天津,15)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his em- ployees enjoy their work. A.where B.which C.when D.who,答案 A 句意:该公司的老板在努力营造一种轻松的氛围,在这种氛围中,他的员工们可以享 受工作的乐趣。考查定语从句。
12、该从句修饰的先行词为atmosphere,将先行词代入定语从句 后为“His employees enjoy their work in the easy atmosphere.”。由此可见关系词在定语从句 中作地点状语,故答案为where。,评析 定语从句是高考中的一个重点和难点。首先弄清从句所修饰的先行词,然后分析从句 结构,弄清从句中缺少的成分,决定用关系代词还是关系副词。,14.(2015北京,24)Opposite is St.Pauls Church, you can hear some lovely music. A.which B.that C.when D.where,答案
13、D 句意:你们在对面的圣保罗教堂能听到一些动听的音乐。本题考查定语从句。先 行词为St.Pauls Church,将先行词代入定语从句后为“You can hear some lovely music in St. Pauls Church.”。由此可知关系词在从句中作地点状语,故选D项。,15.(2015浙江,19)Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. A.as B.whose C.in which D.at which,答案 C 句意:创造出让员工感觉到自己就是团队的一员的一种氛围是
14、极富挑战的。本题 考查定语从句。先行词为an atmosphere,将先行词代入定语从句后为“In the atmosphere em- ployees feel part of a team.”。由此可见关系词在定语从句中充当地点状语,因此用“in+ which”或where,故答案选C。,16.(2015江苏,21)The number of smokers, is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A.it B.which C.what D.as,答案 D 句意:正如所报道的那样,吸烟的人数仅在一年内就已经减少了百分
15、之十七。本题 考查非限制性定语从句。排除it和what;which和as都可以引导非限制性定语从句,但当as在从 句中作主语时,后面常接动词的被动语态,故答案为as。,17.(2015陕西,15)As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent. A.which B.where C.whom D.when,答案 D 句意:作为家里最小的孩子,Alex总是期盼着他能够独立的时候。本题考查定语从 句。先行词为the time,关系词在
16、从句中作时间状语,故答案为D项。,18.(2015四川,3)The books on the desk, covers are shiny,are prizes for us. A.which B.what C.whose D.that,答案 C 句意:桌上那些封面闪闪发亮的书是我们的奖品。本题考查定语从句。先行词为 The books,将先行词代入从句后为“The books covers are shiny.”,故选C。,19.(2015湖南,29)It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100
17、 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. A.as B.where C.that D.which,答案 D 句意:这真是一个令人愉快的地方,它看上去和100年前一样,有蜿蜒的街道和漂亮 的村舍。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为place,关系词指代先行词并在从句中作主语, 故选D 项。,20.(2015福建,34)China Today attracts a worldwide readership, shows that more and more people all over the world want to l
18、earn about China. A.who B.whom C.that D.which,答案 D 句意:今日中国吸引了世界各地的读者,这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中 国。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为设空处前的一句话,关系词在定语从句中作主语, 故答案为D项。,21.(2015安徽,28)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school educa- tion depends. A.it B.that C.whose D.which,答案 D 句意:有些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。本题考查定语从
19、句。先 行词为skill,关系词which指代skill并在从句中作介词upon的宾语,故选D项。,22.(2014天津,12)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, uses it different- ly. A.all of which B.each of which C.all of them D.each of them,答案 B 句意:英语是一种被好几种不同的文化都使用的语言,而且每一种文化使用它的方 式也不同。本题综合考查代词、主谓一致和定语从句。前后两个句子之间既没有并列连词 也没有从属连词,故应为定语
20、从句,排除C、D两项;all表示三者或三者以上都;each表示两者或 两者以上中的每一个,根据cultures和uses可判断答案为B。,23.(2014山东,10)A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportuni- ties abroad. A.which B.whose C.who D.why,答案 B 句意:从国内市场得到的利润正在下降的公司可能去国外寻找机会。本题考查定 语从句。先行词为A company,将先行词代入定语从句后为“The companys profits from home mar
21、kets are declining.”。由此可见关系词在定语从句中作定语,故用whose引导。,24.(2014重庆,9)Well reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year. A.which B.where C.when D.what,答案 A 句意:一个月以后我们将会达到年初所定的销售目标。本题考查定语从句的关系 词。先行词是the sales targets,关系词在定语从句中作set的宾语,所以用关系代词which。故选 A。,25.(2014四川,4)Until now,we have
22、 raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, is quite un- expected. A.that B.which C.who D.it,答案 B 句意:到目前为止,我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们筹款50,000英镑,这非常出乎我们 的意料。本题考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知该空应引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前 面整个句子,在定语从句中作主语,所以选B项。that不引导非限制性定语从句;who的先行词应 是人;it不能引导定语从句。,26.(2014江西,28)Among the many dangers sailors have to face
23、,probably the greatest of all is fog. A.which B.what C.where D.when,答案 A 句意:在海员们不得不面对的许多危险中,最大的危险也许是雾。本题考查定语从 句。先行词为dangers,将先行词代入定语从句后为“Sailors have to face the dangers.”。由此 可见,关系词在定语从句中作face的宾语,且指“物”,故答案为which。,27.(2014陕西,13)Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the p
24、osition. A.that B.which C.as D.what,答案 A 句意:请把你拥有的关于竞聘这个职位的候选人的所有信息发给我们。考查定语 从句。先行词the information被all修饰,定语从句的关系代词只能用that,故选择A项。,28.(2014北京,26)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, my classmates recommended to me. A.who B.which C.when D.where,答案 B 句意:我上周从图书馆借了夏洛克福尔摩斯这本书,这是我
25、的同学推荐给我 的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为the book Sherlock Holmes,从句中recommended后 缺少宾语成分,故用关系代词which引导。,29.(2014安徽,22)The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. A.when B.where C.why D.which,答案 D 句意:安杰拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的那一年的确切年份是2008年。考查定 语从句。先行词是the exact year,关系词在定语从句中作spent 的宾语,故选D。,30.(2
26、014湖南,31)I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. A.as B.why C.when D.where,答案 C 句意:我正期待着那一天的到来,那时我的女儿可以读这本书并且了解我对她的感 情。本题考查定语从句。先行词为the day,关系词在从句中充当时间状语,故选when。,31.(2014江苏,22)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication,especially at
27、work a good impression is a must. A.which B.when C.as D.where,答案 D 句意:这本书对我的日常交流很有帮助,尤其是在职场。在职场必须给人留下良好 的印象。本题考查定语从句。at work(在工作场所)表示地点,故用where引导定语从句并在从 句中作地点状语。,考点二 名词性从句 1.(2018天津夏,9)The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race. A.whomever B.wherever C.whoever D.whate
28、ver,答案 C 句意:这块金牌将颁发给这场自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。本题考查宾语从 句。“ wins the first place in the bicycle race”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语,且设空处表 示“任何人”,故填whoever,相当于anyone who。,2.(2018天津春,10)He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was his father had expected. A.why B.how C.that D.what,答案 D 句意:他学习很努力,后来成了一位著名作家,实现了父
29、亲的夙愿。考查名词性从 句。此处考查表语从句的引导词,引导词在从句中作宾语,故用what。,3.(2018北京,11)Without his support, we wouldnt be we are now. A.how B.when C.where D.why,答案 C 句意:要是没有他的帮助,我们就不会是现在的情形了。本题考查表语从句。根据 句意可知,设空处意为“情形,情况,形势”,应用where引导,在从句中作表语。,4.(2018北京,15)This is my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for
30、the best. A.how B.which C.that D.what,答案 D 句意:这就是父亲教给我的总是面对困难并寄予最大的希望。本题考查表语 从句。根据句意可知,表语从句中taught me后缺少直接宾语“教会了我什么”,因此用 what引导。,5.(2018江苏,21)By boat is the only way to get here, which is we arrived. A.where B.when C.why D.how,答案 D 句意:坐船是到达这里的唯一方式,这也是我们如何到达这里的。考查表语从句。 which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,其中设空处引导的是表语
31、从句,结合语境和By boat可 知,此处表达的是到达这里的方式,所以要用how引导。,6.(2017天津夏,4)She asked me I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt. A.when B.where C.whether D.what,答案 C 句意:她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了,我承认我还没有归还。本题考查名词性 从句。根据题干可知,设空处引导宾语从句。根据句意,应用whether“是否”,故选择C项。,7.(2017北京,23)Every year, makes the most
32、beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festi- val. A.whatever B.whoever C.whomever D.whichever,答案 B 句意:每年,在风筝节上,制作出最漂亮的风筝的人会赢得一份奖品。本题考查名词 性从句。设空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语成分,根据句意可知应用whoever引导,表示 “无论哪个人,无论谁”。whomever作宾语成分,故被排除。,8.(2017北京,26)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing she wa
33、s heading. A.why B.where C.how D.when,答案 B 句意:简在绿树成荫的街道上漫无目的地走着,不知道她要去哪里。本题考查名词 性从句。设空处引导宾语从句,宾语从句中缺少地点状语成分,故用where引导,选择B项。,9.(2017江苏,26)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of it used to charge. A.that B.which C.what D.how,答案 C 句意:我们选择这家宾馆是因为这里住一晚上的价格降到了20美元,
34、这是其之前要 价的一半。本题考查宾语从句。逗号后面是$20的同位语,charge后面缺少宾语,故用what引 导。,10.(2016天津,11)The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. A.whether B.that C.which D.what,答案 B 句意:经理提出一个建议,我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。根据句意可知 此处应用that引导同位语从句说明suggestion的内容。that引导同位语从句时只起连接作用,不 作成分。,1
35、1.(2016北京,29)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is one can be entirely free from dust. A.what B.that C.whether D.why,答案 B 句意:雨季最令人愉快的事情就是人们可以完全免受尘土的影响。本题考查表语 从句。表语从句中不缺少成分,意思完整,故用that引导从句。,12.(2016北京,24)Your support is important to our work. you can do helps. A.However B.Whoever C.Whatever
36、D.Wherever,答案 C 句意:你的支持对我们的工作很重要。无论你做什么都有帮助。本题考查主语从 句。根据语境可知,helps是谓语动词, you can do是主语从句,从句中do后面缺少宾语,且 指物,故选择Whatever。,13.(2016江苏,21)It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. A.why B.what C.as D.that,答案 D 句意:对于那些不放弃希望的人来说,发生什么都是有可能的,这是很常见的。考查 主语从句。本句中it为形式主语,设空处引导的从句为真
37、正的主语,从句结构和意义完整,故由 that引导。,14.(2015北京,33)I truly believe beauty comes from within. A.that B.where C.what D.why,答案 A 句意:我确信美丽源自内心。本题考查名词性从句。分析句子成分可知从句中成 分完整,故选A项。,15.(2015北京,35) we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. A.Where B.How C.Why D.When,答案 B 句意:我们怎样理解事物与我们的认知有很大关系。本题考查名词性从句。A项在
38、 从句中作地点状语;B项在从句中作方式状语,意为“如何”;C项意为“为什么”;D项意为 “什么时候”。故选B项。,16.(2015浙江,6)If you swim in a river or lake,be sure to investigate is below the water sur- face.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. A.what B.who C.that D.whoever,答案 A 句意:如果你在河里或湖里游泳,一定要查明水下的状况。经常会有岩石或树枝隐 藏在水中。本题考查名词性从句。动词inv
39、estigate后的宾语从句中缺少主语,同时主语为物, 故排除B、C、D三项。根据句意可知选A。,17.(2015江苏,25) Li Bai,a great Chinese poet,was born is known to the public,but some wont accept it. A.That B.Why C.Where D.How,答案 C 句意:李白,中国伟大的诗人,出生在什么地方人人皆知,但是有些人对此并不接受。 本题考查主语从句。“ Li Bai,a great Chinese poet,was born”为主语从句,该从句缺少 状语,结合选项可知答案应为C。,18.(
40、2015陕西,19)Reading her biography,I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. A.what B.that C.why D.how,答案 A 句意:读着她的自传,我沉浸在对Doris Lessing在文学上获得的成就的崇拜之中。 本题考查名词性从句。设空处引导宾语从句,并且在从句中作宾语,故选A项。,19.(2015四川,8)The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution. A.w
41、here B.why C.what D.which,答案 B 句意:这个展览告诉我们为什么我们应该做一些事情来阻止空气污染。本题考查 宾语从句。由tell sb.sth.可知,设空处引导宾语从句,结合语境可知选why。,20.(2015湖南,26)You have to know youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. A.what B.that C.where D.who,答案 C 句意:如果你要计划到达那里的最好路线,你就得知道你将要往哪儿走。本题考查 宾语从句。根据题干中getting there可知答案
42、选择C项。,21.(2015福建,29)I wonder Mary has kept her figure after all these years. By working out every day. A.where B.how C.why D.if,答案 B 句意:我想知道这么多年过去了,玛丽是如何保持体形的。 通过每天锻炼 身体。本题考查宾语从句。根据答语“By working out every day.(表示方式)”可知,设空处应 为表示方式的连接副词how。,22.(2015安徽,25)A ship in harbor is safe,but thats not ships ar
43、e built for. A.what B.whom C.why D.when,答案 A 句意:在港口的船是安全的,但是那并不是船被建造的目的。本题考查名词性从 句。连接代词what引导表语从句并作介词for的宾语,故选A项。,23.(2014天津,14)I think impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. A.what B.that C.which D.who,答案 A 句意:我认为他的画使我印象深刻的是他对色彩的使用。本题考查主语从句。在 主语从句中,所缺的词作主语且表示“物”,没有选择范围,所以用what引导。,2
44、4.(2014山东,7)It is difficult for us to imagine life was like for slaves in the ancient world. A.where B.what C.which D.why,答案 B 句意:我们很难想象古代奴隶们的生活是什么样子的。本题考查宾语从句。在该 空引导的宾语从句中,介词like后面缺少宾语,所以用what引导宾语从句。which表示在一定范 围内进行选择,在此处不符合题意,故排除C项。,25.(2014重庆,12)Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale Uni
45、versity yesterday? Yeah,but I have no idea he did it;thats one of his favorite universities. A.when B.why C.that D.how,答案 B 句意:迈克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学给的录取机会,这是真的吗?是的,但是我 不知道他为什么会这样做,那可是他最喜欢的大学之一。本题考查同位语从句。根据句意可 知选B。,26.(2014四川,2)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said,“Thats I was born.” A.when B.how C.why D.w
46、here,答案 D 句意:奶奶指着那家医院说:“那就是我出生的地方。”本题考查表语从句。根据 句意可知该空应该填表示地点的连接词引导表语从句,故选D项。,27.(2014陕西,15) the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. A.Why B.When C.That D.What,答案 B 句意:延迟的航班什么时间起飞主要取决于天气状况。考查名词性从句。分析句 子结构可知,本句是含主语从句的复合句。由本句情景可知,飞机什么时候起飞主要由天气状 况决定,故选B项。,28.(2014北京,30)The best mom
47、ent for the football star was he scored the winning goal. A.where B.when C.how D.why,答案 B 句意:对于这个足球明星来说,最美好的时刻就是他踢进决胜球的时候。本题考查 表语从句。根据前面的“The best moment”可知,表语从句中缺少时间状语,故用when引导。,29.(2014北京,33)Some people believe has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A.whatever B.
48、whenever C.wherever D.however,答案 A 句意:一些人认为无论是以前发生过的事情还是现在正在发生的事情都会在将来 重复出现的。本题考查名词性从句。 “ has happened before or is happening now”作 believe后的宾语从句的主语,该主语从句中缺少主语,故应用whatever(任何的事情)来引导 主语从句。whenever无论何时;wherever无论何地;however无论如何,均不符合句意。,30.(2014湖南,24)As John Lennon once said,life is happens to you while
49、 you are busy mak- ing other plans. A.which B.that C.what D.where,答案 C 句意:正如约翰列侬曾经所说的那样:当你正在为生活疲于奔波时,生活已离你远 去。本题考查表语从句。空格处引导表语从句且充当主语,故答案为what。which表示在一定 范围内进行选择,不符合语境。,A组 20162018年高考模拟基础题组 时间:25分钟 分值:36分,三年模拟,1.(2018天津十二校二联,9)Cheer up! Everyone may have periods in their lives everything seems tough. A.which B.that C.where D.when,
