1、专题五 情态动词和虚拟语气,高考英语 (北京市专用),A组 自主命题北京卷题组 1.(2018北京,12)In todays information age, the loss of data cause serious problems for a company. A.need B.should C.can D.must,五年高考,答案 C 句意:在当今的信息时代,对于一个公司来说,数据的丢失会造成严重的后果。本题 考查情态动词。根据句意可知,语境要体现的是一种客观的可能性,因此用can符合语境。,2.(2018北京,13)They might have found a better ho
2、tel if they a few more kilometers. A.drove B.would drive C.were to drive D.had driven,答案 D 句意:如果行驶的路途再远一些,他们或许就会找到一个更好的宾馆了。本题考查 虚拟语气。根据题干中主句的谓语might have found可知语境是对过去的虚拟,因此if引导的 从句中谓语动词形式应为had done,故选择D项。,3.(2017北京,21)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the top shelf. A.
3、must B.should C.can D.need,答案 C 句意:塞缪尔,我们班里最高的男孩,可以轻松地够到书架顶层的书。本题考查情态 动词。根据句意可知应用情态动词can“可以,能够”表示能力。must必须,should应该,need需 要,均不符合句意。,4.(2017北京,34)If the new safety system to use, the accident would never have happened. A.had been put B.were put C.should be put D.would be put,答案 A 句意:如果新的安全系统投入使用,这起事故
4、就不会发生了。本题考查虚拟语气。 根据题干中的would never have happened可知此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,因此从句谓语 部分应为had+过去分词,故选择A项。,5.(2016北京,31)I love the weekend, because I get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. A.neednt B.mustnt C.wouldnt D.shouldnt,答案 A 句意:我爱周末,因为我不需要在周六和周日早起。本题考查情态动词。根据句意 可知用neednt表示不需要。,6.(2016北京,34)Why didnt you te
5、ll me about your trouble last week?If you me, I could have helped. A.told B.had told C.were to tell D.would tell,答案 B 句意:你上周为什么不告诉我你遇到的麻烦?如果你告诉我,我本可以帮你的。本题 考查虚拟语气。根据could have helped和last week可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故选 择B项。,7.(2015北京,29)Cant you stay a little longer? Its getting late.I really go now.My da
6、ughter is home alone. A.may B.can C.must D.dare,答案 C 句意:你不能再多待一会儿吗?时间不早了。我现在真的得走了。我的女 儿独自一人在家。本题考查情态动词。A:可能,可以;B:能够,可能;C:必须,一定;D:敢。故选C项。,8.(2015北京,34)If I it with my own eyes,I wouldnt have believed it. A.didnt see B.werent seeing C.wouldnt see D.hadnt seen,答案 D 句意:如果不是我亲眼看到,我是不会相信的。本题考查虚拟语气。由主句谓语 “
7、wouldnt have believed”可知此处为与过去事实相反的假设,故选D项。,9.(2014北京,27) I have a word with you?It wont take long. A.Can B.Must C.Shall D.Should,答案 A 句意:我能和你说句话吗?不会花很长时间的。本题考查情态动词。can可以,表请 求允许;must必须,表必要性;shall与第一人称连用,用于一般疑问句中表示建议;should应该,表 义务。根据句意应选择A项。,10.(2014北京,34)We back in the hotel now if you didnt lose th
8、e map. A.are B.were C.will be D.would be,答案 D 句意:如果你没有丢掉地图,我们现在就回到宾馆了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题 干中的now和didnt lose可知此处表示与现在事实相反的假设,主句谓语动词应为:would/ should/could/might+主动原形,故选择D项。,B组 统一命题、省(区、市)卷题组 考点一 情态动词 1.(2018天津,10)I cant find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure. A.should leave B.must
9、have left C.might leave D.could have left,答案 D 句意:我找不到我的钱包了。我可能昨天把它落在超市了,但我不确定。本题考查 情态动词。设空处表示对过去事情的推测,故排除A、C两项;根据题干中的“but Im not sure”可推知答案为D项(could have left)。must have done sth.意为“过去一定做了某事”,与 “Im not sure”意义不一致,故排除B项。,2.(2018江苏,24)Its strange that he have taken the books without the owners permis
10、sion. A.would B.should C.could D.might,答案 B 句意:简直是太奇怪了,他竟然未得到主人的允许就把这些书拿走了。考查情态动 词。“Its strange that.”句型中,that引导的主语从句的谓语部分用should+动词原形,属于 should的用法之一,所以答案为B项。,3.(2017天津,2)My room is a mess, but I clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning. A.darent B.shouldnt C.neednt D.mustnt,答案 C
11、 句意:我的房间很乱,但是在今晚外出之前我不必打扫它,我可以早晨打扫。本题考 查情态动词。根据语境可知,我没必要打扫房间,用neednt符合题意。darent不敢,shouldnt 不应该,mustnt禁止,均不符合题意。,4.(2016天津,5)It was really annoying;I get access to the data bank you had recommended. A.wouldnt B.couldnt C.shouldnt D.neednt,答案 B 句意:真令人恼火,我不能进入你推荐的数据库。本题考查情态动词。根据It was really annoying可知
12、应用couldnt。wouldnt不愿意;shouldnt不应该;neednt不必。,5.(2015重庆,12)You be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years. A.must B.can C.will D.shall,答案 A 句意:你一定是卡萝尔,这么多年过去了你一点也没变。考查情态动词。根据语境 可知此处表示对现在情况的肯定推测,所以要用must。,6.(2015浙江,4)It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak. A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.mustn
13、t D.neednt,答案 A 句意:这里如此嘈杂以至于我们无法听到自己说话。本题考查情态动词。根据语 境可知此处表达“我们不能听到自己说话”,故答案选A。,7.(2015福建,27)Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again. Oh,its too bad.You have made full preparations. A.must B.can C.would D.should,答案 D 句意:对不起,妈妈!这次工作面试我又失败了。噢,太糟了。你本应该做 好充分准备的。本题考查情态动词。must have done过去一定做过;can have d
14、one过去可能做 了;would have done用于虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反的假设;should have done过去本该做但 没有做。,8.(2015四川,2)You be careful with the camera.It costs! A.must B.may C.can D.will,答案 A 句意:你必须小心使用这个照相机,它很贵的!本题考查情态动词。may可能;can能 够;will将。根据句意可知选A。,9.(2015陕西,21)You feel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sur
15、e lat- er youll be grateful you did it. A.should B.need C.shall D.may,答案 D 句意:你可能觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间,但是我百分之百地确信你以后会庆幸 你这么做了。本题考查情态动词。根据but Im a hundred percent sure可知前面是不确定的,故 选D项。,10.(2014陕西,25)My book,The House of Hades,is missing.Who have taken it? A.need B.must C.should D.could,答案 D 句意:我的书哈迪斯之屋丢了。可能会是
16、谁拿走了呢?考查情态动词的用法。 从语境分析,could在此处表示对过去情况的推测。故选D项。,11.(2014大纲全国,30)Although you find bargains in London,its not generally a cheap place to shop. A.should B.need C.must D.can,答案 D 句意:虽然你在伦敦可能会买到特价商品,但是总的说来那不是能买到便宜货的地 方。考查情态动词。can在此处表示客观的可能性。,12.(2014江西,30)Life is unpredictable;even the poorest become th
17、e richest. A.shall B.must C.need D.might,答案 D 句意:生活是不可预测的,即使是最贫穷的人也可能成为最富有的人。本题考查情 态动词。根据句意可知本空表示推测。shall将会(表示预言);must一定;need需要;might可能。 根据句意可知,D为答案。,13.(2014湖南,25)Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic. Do you mean we bring anything with us? A.cant B.mustnt C.shant D.neednt,答案 D 句意:我已经为野餐准备好
18、了各种食物。你的意思是说我们不必带任何 东西了吗?本题考查情态动词。根据句意可知设空处表示“不必”,故答案为D项。A:不能,不 可能;B:禁止;C:不会。,14.(2014四川,6)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother take me to Disney- land at weekends. A.might B.must C.would D.should,答案 C 句意:我现在仍然记得我快乐的童年,那时候我妈妈常常在周末带我去迪士尼乐 园。本题考查情态动词。might 可能;must 必须,一定;would 总是;should 应
19、该,根据句意应选C项。,易错题组,15.(2016浙江,17)George too far. His coffee is still warm. A.must have gone B.might have gone C.cant have gone D.neednt have gone,答案 C 句意:乔治不可能走太远。他的咖啡还是热的。考查情态动词。cant have done sth.不可能做过某事;must have done sth.一定做过某事;might have done sth.可能做过某事; neednt have done sth.本不必做某事而做了。,16.(2015天津
20、,7)I have worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates here are very friendly to me. A.mightnt B.mustnt C.neednt D.couldnt,答案 C 句意:在进入这所新学校之前我本没必要担心,因为这里的同学对我很友好。考查 情态动词。根据语境可知此处表达“过去对某事担心过,但现在看来这种担心没有必要”,应 该用neednt have done,故答案为C项。,17.(2014江苏,31)It was sad to me that they,so poor them
21、selves, bring me food. A.might B.would C.should D.could,答案 C 句意:让我难过的是,他们自己那么贫穷,竟然还给我带来食物。本题考查情态动 词。情态动词should可以表示说话人惊讶的语气,意为“竟然”。,考点二 虚拟语气,1.(2018天津,15)If we the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. A.had caught B.caught C.have caught D.would catch,答案 A 句意:如果昨天我们赶上那趟
22、航班了,我们现在就会在沙滩上享受我们的假期了。 本题考查虚拟语气。If引导的从句表示与过去事实相反的假设,其谓语动词需用“had+过去 分词”形式,故答案为A项。,2.(2018江苏,27)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I a second chance to become more involved. A.had B.will have C.would have had D.have had,答案 A 句意:这个村子里的人们有良好的社交生活,我希望自己还能有机会去更多地参与 其中。考查虚拟语气。wish后面的宾语
23、从句中往往用虚拟语气,此处表达现在的一个愿望,谓 语动词要用过去式,所以答案为A项。,3.(2017天津,15)Do you have Bettys phone number? Yes. Otherwise, I able to reach her yesterday. A.hadnt been B.wouldnt have been C.werent D.wouldnt be,答案 B 句意:你有贝蒂的电话号码吗?有。否则,昨天我就不能联系到她了。本题 考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的yesterday可知,此处是对过去的虚拟,设空处应为would have done的形式,故选择B项。,4.(2
24、016天津,15)I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadnt been wearing one,I . A.were injured B.would be injured C.had been injured D.would have been injured,答案 D 句意:我那时系着安全带呢。如果我没系安全带的话,我可能就受伤了。考查虚拟 语气。此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,主句谓语用would/could/should/might have done的形式。,5.(2016浙江,15)Had the governments and scientists n
25、ot worked together, AIDS-related deaths since their highest in 2005. A.had not fallen B.would not fall C.did not fall D.would not have fallen,答案 D 句意:如果政府和科学家不一起工作的话,与艾滋病有关的死亡人数就不会在2005 年达到顶峰后下降了。考查虚拟语气。此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,主句谓语用would/ could/should/might have done形式。,6.(2015天津,13)I wish I at my sisters we
26、dding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then. A.will be B.would be C.have been D.had been,答案 D 句意:我希望上周二我能参加我姐姐的婚礼,可是那时我正在纽约出差。考查虚拟 语气。此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故设空处要用had+过去分词,故选D项。,7.(2015江苏,28)It might have saved me some trouble the schedule. A.did I know B.have I known C.do I know D.had
27、I known,答案 D 句意:要是我知道安排的话,我可能会省一些麻烦。本题考查虚拟语气。“ the schedule”为省略了if的条件状语从句,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故答案为D项。 had I known the schedule=if I had known the schedule。,8.(2015安徽,32)It is lucky we booked a room,or we nowhere to stay now. A.had B.had had C.would have D.would have had,答案 C 句意:很幸运,我们预订了一个房间,要不我们现在就没有地方可
28、以住了。本题考查 虚拟语气。or前面是真实的情况,or后面表示对现在的虚拟,用would do的形式,故选C项。,9.(2015陕西,23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I as well as her. A.dance B.will dance C.had danced D.danced,答案 D 句意:埃伦是一个非常优秀的舞者,我希望我能跳得像她一样好。本题考查虚拟语 气。wish后面的宾语从句表示对现在的虚拟,从句谓语用过去式,故选D项。,10.(2014浙江,16)They were abroad during the months when w
29、e were carrying out the investiga- tion,or they to our help. A.would have come B.could come C.have come D.had come,答案 A 句意:我们在做调查的那几个月,他们在国外,否则他们会来给我们帮忙的。考查虚 拟语气。由句意可知设空处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故选A。,11.(2014陕西,23)We would rather our daughter at home with us,but it is her choice,and she is not a child any longe
30、r. A.would stay B.has stayed C.stayed D.stay,答案 C 句意:我们希望女儿和我们一起待在家里,但这是她的选择,她不再是个孩子了。考 查虚拟语气。would rather表示“宁愿,希望”,其后的从句要用虚拟语气。表示与现在或将来 事实相反的假设时,从句谓语用过去式;表示与过去事实相反的假设时,从句谓语用had+过去分词。,12.(2014重庆,13)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I it? A.had done B.have done C.did D.
31、am doing,答案 A 句意:是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么和我说呢?好像是我打破的一样。本题考查虚 拟语气。第一句已经说明是John打破了窗户,所以在第二句中as if后面要用虚拟语气,而且是 对过去的虚拟,所以要用had done的形式,故选A。,13.(2014安徽,30)People are recycling many things which they away in the past. A.had thrown B.will be throwing C.were throwing D.would have thrown,答案 D 句意:人们正在回收许多要是在以前就会被扔掉了的东西
32、。考查虚拟语气。本句 定语从句部分使用了虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反的假设,故用would have done的形式,故选D。,14.(2014湖南,22)If Mr.Dewey present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. A.were B.had been C.should be D.was,答案 B 句意:如果Dewey先生当时在场的话,他会为那里的人们提供任何可能的帮助。本 题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的would have offered及上下文逻辑可知此处表示与过去事实相 反的假设
33、,故答案为B项(had been)。,易错题组,15.(2017江苏,22) not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty. A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it,答案 B 句意:没有老师们的支持,这个学生不可能克服她的困难。本题考查虚拟语气。根 据题干中的the student could not overcome可知,语境是对现在事实的虚拟,be动词在虚拟语气 中通常用were。当虚拟条件句中省略了if时,从句部分应使用倒装结构,故选
34、择B项。,16.(2016江苏,27)If it for his invitation the other day,I should not be here now. A.had not been B.should not be C.were not to be D.should not have been,答案 A 句意:如果不是因为那天他的邀请,我现在是不会在这里的。考查虚拟语气。根据 主句中的now和从句中的the other day可知本句是一个错综时间条件句,主句和现在的事实相 反,从句和过去的事实相反,故从句谓语用had+过去分词。,17.(2015重庆,7)Without his
35、 wartime experiences,Hemingway his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. A.didnt write B.hadnt written C.wouldnt write D.wouldnt have written,答案 D 句意:如果没有战时经历的话,海明威就不会写出他著名的小说永别了,武器。 考查虚拟语气。without构成的介词短语相当于条件状语从句,根据语境可知此处表达与过去 事实相反的假设,谓语动词要用would have done结构,故选D项。,C组 教师专用题组 考点一 情态动词 1.(2011四川,20)The pol
36、ice still havent found the lost child,but theyre doing all they . A.can B.may C.must D.should,2.(2011北京,24)I dont really like James.Why did you invite him? Dont worry.He come.He said he wasnt certain what his plans were. A.must not B.need not C.would not D.might not,3.(2011课标全国,32)They have arrived
37、at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A.will B.can C.must D.should,4.(2011福建,25)Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? I am afraid you ,in case he comes late for the meeting. A.will B.must C.may D.can,5.(2011江西,23)It be the postman at the door.Its only six oclock. A.mustnt
38、B.cant C.wont D.neednt,6.(2011江苏,34)I left my handbag on the train,but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. How unbelievable to get it back!I mean,someone it. A.will have stolen B.might have stolen C.should have stolen D.must have stolen,7.(2011全国,8)If you smoke,please go outside. A.can B.
39、should C.must D.may,8.(2011湖南,28)No one be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. Oh,you are really his big fan. A.can B.need C.must D.might,9.(2012全国,17)Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I find the money. A.can B.might C.would D.need,10.(2012四川,19)I got close enough to hea
40、r them speaking Chinese,and I said “Ni Hao”,just as I do in China. A.must B.might C.can D.should,11.(2012江苏,28)Days later,my brother called to say he was all right,but say where he was. A.mustnt B.shouldnt C.wouldnt D.mightnt,12.(2012江苏,35)Happy birthday! Thank you!Its the best present I for. A.shou
41、ld have wished B.must have wished C.may have wished D.could have wished,13.(2012陕西,23)I thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. A.wont B.cant C.can D.will,14.(2013北京,35)You neednt take an umbrella.It isnt going to rain. Well,I dont know.It do. A.might B.need C.wo
42、uld D.should,15.(2013课标,6)Since nobody gave him any help,he have done the research on his own. A.can B.must C.would D.need,16.(2013天津,9)No one be more generous;he has a heart of gold. A.could B.must C.dare D.need,17.(2013浙江,3)I myself moreit was a perfect day. A.shouldnt have enjoyed B.neednt have e
43、njoyed C.wouldnt have enjoyed D.couldnt have enjoyed,18.(2013辽宁,31)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He too much at the party last night. A.could drink B.should drink C.would have drunk D.must have drunk,19.(2013四川,5)Why are your eyes so red?You have slept well last night. Yeah,I stayed up late writing
44、 a report. A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.wont,20.(2013陕西,21)The children lost in the woods;otherwise,they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled. A.must have got B.must get C.should have got D.should get,21.(2013安徽,34)It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because y
45、ou know a lot of words. A.may B.couldnt C.should D.neednt,答案 15 ADDBB 610 BCAAB 1115 CDBAB 1621 ADDAAB,考点二 虚拟语气,1.(2011福建,34)Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. I it,but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A.attended B.had attended C.would attend D.would have attended,2.(2011江西,2
46、8)We Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. A.will put B.will have put C.would put D.would have put,3.(2011北京,28)Where are the children?The dinners going to be completely ruined. I wish they always late. A.werent B.hadnt been C.wouldnt be D.wouldnt have been,4.(2011北京,30)Ma
47、ybe if I science,and not literature then,I would be able to give you more help. A.studied B.would study C.had studied D.was studying,5.(2012山东,30)If we adequate preparations,the conference wouldnt have been so success- ful. A.havent made B.wouldnt make C.didnt make D.hadnt made,6.(2012陕西,17)If my ca
48、r more reliable,I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. A.was B.had been C.should be D.would be,7.(2012天津,15)We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold us a ride home. A.didnt offer B.wouldnt offer C.hasnt offered D.hadnt offered,8.(2012浙江,19)Had they known what was coming next,they second thoughts. A.may have B.could have C.must have had D.might have had,9.(2012湖南,29)Sorry,I am too busy now.If I time,I would certainly go for an outing with you. A.have had B.had had C.have D.had,
