1、第一章 整车控制系统第二章 关键控制功能的实现第三章 扭矩控制架构第四章 能量管理第五章 开发流程第一章第一章第一章第一章整车控制系统整车控制系统整车控制系统整车控制系统新能源汽车的新课题3.新能源汽车整车控制功能介绍新能源汽 车的 VCU功能可以实现为单一的 VCU控制器硬件，也可以实现为某现有控制器的VCU功能板块。4一、整车控制功能重新集成的挑战福特： PS项目， VSC集成到 IPU中，最小化和电机控制直接的通讯延迟，提高控制质量P2项目， VSC集成都 EMS中，借用已有控制平台博世： VSC集成都 EMS中，有多个版本的控制系统平台丰田： VSC形成于单独的 VCU控制器主要支持
2、PS项目丰田的HCU独立模块3.新能源汽车整车控制功能介绍一、整车控制功能重新集成的挑战Bosch 控制系统12 3123Unique for PSShared problem by PS and SHEV, smaller problem for MHTShared problem by PS and MHT 2324444Shared problem by all不同构型的混动系统有类似的控制问题Common control tasks exist in all HEV configuration从控制系统的难度看P2 动力分流 串联式71/22/2013一、整车控制功能重新集成的挑战4.
3、不同构型中的控制问题第二章第二章第二章第二章关键控制功能的实现关键控制功能的实现关键控制功能的实现关键控制功能的实现新能源控制系统既包括传统动力总成的控制可能也包括新能源特有的部分9VehicleSystemControls(VSC)KEYPRNDAPPS EngineTorqueCommandCommandsto TCMContactorCommandEngine/ControlTractionBattery &BCMTCMringsung en er at o rbrakemotorplanetaryo.w.cN3N1 N5N2eN4high voltage busTrans-AxleN2
4、mgenerator brake controlgenerator controlmotor controlringElectroHydraulicBrake SysHydraulicsBPPSFrictionTorqueCommandAPPS Acceleration Pedal Position SensorBPPS Brake Pedal Position Sensor (master cylinder pressure)PRND Gear PositionSC Speed Controls InputsVSC Vehicle System ControlTCM Transmission
5、 Control ModuleBCM Battery Control ModuleO.W.C. One Way ClutchCommands to TCM: Wheel Torque Command Engine Speed Command Generator ModeSCVehicle System Control DescriptionEngineTorqueCommandCommandsto transaxle actuatorsContactorCommandEngine/ControlTractionBattery &BCMTCMhigh voltage busElectroHydr
6、aulicBrake SysFrictionTorqueCommandAPPS Acceleration Pedal Position SensorBPPS Brake Pedal Position Sensor (master cylinder pressure)PRND Gear PositionSC Speed Controls InputsVSC Vehicle System ControlTCM Transmission Control ModuleBCM Battery Control ModuleWheel Torque& Eng SpeedCommandsTransaxledr
7、ivers torquecommandBPPSPRNDacceleratortorquedeterminegear moderegentorquevehicle mode+-APPSgear modeKEY determinekey positionEnergyManagementSequentialcontrolInterpret Drivers Intentskey position+VSCVehicle System Control Overview10 Energy Management (EM) Managed in power domain because of 2 power s
8、ources: electrical and mechanical EM includes energy sourcing and engine operation determination XXVeh SpeedDriver Tq. Cmd. Driver Pwr. Cmd.+-+ Eng Pwr. Cmd.Veh SpeedEngineOperationDeterminationEng Spd. Cmd.Eng Tq. Cmd.Batt. ConditionsSourcingOptimization Batt. Pwr. Req. Note: Positive Batt. Pwr Req
9、 - DischargePower Split Hybrid Powertrain Control Fundamental11Driver Wh. Tq. Req.Engine Power CommandDeterminationENGINEandeCVTTRANSAXLEWheel SpeedEstimated Eng PowerSOC Power ReqEng Torque CommandDriver Power ReqActual Batt. PowerActual Batt. Power Wheel TorqueCommandEng Speed CommandDriver PowerR
10、equestDeterminationEngine PowerEstimationEngine Speed & Torque CommandsDeterminationm,m, g, gWheel Power CommandDeterminationDriver Wh. Tq. Req. UnfilteredDriver Power Req UnfilteredWheel Torque CommandDeterminationWheel Power CommandEng Power CommandHybrid Powertrain Control Implementation12动力分配式混合
11、动力变速器控制 Generator & Motor Torque CommandsEng. Speed Engine Speed Controller-+Gen. Tq. Cmd.Eng. Spd. Cmd.+ -dtdJgenSun Gear Tq Gen. Speed+gear ratioMotor. Tq. Cmd.+gear ratioDriver Tq. Cmd.Ring Gear Tq mot动力分配式混合动力的控制 Conceptual Control DiagramPGBMWheel TorqueDeterminationAPPSVSCEnergyManagemente_cmd
12、 ringeng. speedcontrollere_cmd+ringm-+ m_cmdTCMwh_cmdmwh_drvrg_cmdBatt. ConditionsVeh SpdB batteryG generatorM motorP planetaryPrius控制系统 System Efficiency Analysis Charge CaseEnergy Management Strategy FundamentalNote:g-m2e generators mech. to elect. efficiencym-e2m motors elect. to mech. Efficiency
13、e2r = 1/(1+) engine to ring ratioTe2g = /(1+) engine to generator ratioplanetaryengine inter. shaftgenerator motorbattery+to wheelsfuel ee rrgg mmPwheelPbatteg_m2e m_e2mchargedischarge16Dynamic Programming 17Components Efficiencies最优工作点的选择1/22/2013 182 2 2( )outtotaline r e r D D e g e g g bat mee e
14、PPT N T P =+ +=Pbatt increase),(*),(maxarg* battvehDbattveheDtotale PPPPe=系统效率最优的工作点1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000020406080100120140160180Engine Speed (RPM)E ng i ne To r qu e( Nm )system optimal xBest BSFCengine optimal xMethod of System Optimization continuesquare6 Due to n
15、o arbitrary Pbatt , F , V and Pbatt should be inputs to the EMS table:EnergyManagementStrategyTable Traction Force (N)Vehicle Speed (kph)Engine Torque Desired (NM)Engine Speed Desired (RPS)Battery Power (W)square6 This table can be created for given F , V and Pbatt by: Define feasible engine operati
16、ng point Compute loss and ensure energy conservation Reiterate until minimum loss (maximum total) is achieved for the given F , V and Pbatt20Battery Optimal Power Determination Optimum control policy across cycle that minimizes fuel consumption Need to maintain SOC Empirical method used in practice
17、Multiple optimization methods could be used to find theoretical result Dynamic programming Stochastic dynamic programming Model Predictive Control Equivalent Consumption Management Strategy(ECMS)21Hyundais view on P2System of VW TouregControl of VW TouregEngine Start Control of P2纯电动汽车的动力性动力性指标和传统车接
18、近，但更关注低速段的加速特性 0-50加速性一般好于传统车，0-100有挑战动力性和经济性需要在加速指标和能耗方面平衡仿真分析是设计阶段最高效的手段混合动力系统的最大能力混合动力系统的动力性动力性指标和传统车接近混合动力系统动力性受发动机和电池能力的影响（一般电机的能力大于电池的能力）电动代步的电驱动系统的能力在加速过程中可以快速释放发动机代步的传统动力的能力释放速度受发动机启动速度，发动机调试等方面的制约混合动力动力学提升的手段Boost Converter IGBT 的瞬间切换使得电感产生高电压高频的IGBT控制策略可以保持Variable Voltage Control (VVC) 的等效直流电压输出
