常用词词性转换及派生.doc

1、1常用词词性转换及派生词义 动词 v. 名词 n. 形容词 adj. 反义词 其他派生词使能够 enable ability/disability able disable disabled/unable不正常的 abnormal normal缺席 absence absent学术的 academy academic加速 accelerate acceleration接受 accept acceptance acceptable unacceptable接进 access access accessible 住宿 accommodate accommodation积累 accumulate a

2、ccumulation陪伴 accompany company精确的 accuracy accurate inaccurate达到，获得 achieve achievement achievable 获得，习得 acquire acquisition 表演，行动 act action /act /activity active inactive actual/actually适应，改编 adapt adaptation增加， add addition additional 足够 adequacy adequate调整/使适应 adjust adjustment敬佩 admire admirat

3、ion admirable承认 admit admission收养，采纳 adopt adoption adopted前进 advance advance advanced好处 advantage disadvantage事故 accident accidentally使上瘾 addict addition addicted /addictive addict 做广告 advertise advertisement advertiser影响,打动 affect effect机构 agent agency侵略，侵犯 aggression aggressive aggressor 农业 agric

4、ulture agricultural同意 agree agreement agreeable disagree disagreement分配 allocate allocation允许 allow allowance allowable 使吃惊 amaze amazement amazing/amazed抱负 ambition ambitious逗乐、娱乐 amuse amusement amusing/amused2分析 analyze analysis生气 anger angry通知 announce announcement使烦恼 annoy annoyance annoying/an

5、noyed期望 anticipate anticipation焦虑，焦急 anxiety anxious anxiously鼓掌 applaud applause约定 appoint appointment道歉 apologize apology出现 appear appearance disappear disappearance申请 apply applicant application 欣赏 appreciate appreciation appreciable 靠近，方法 approach approach approachable批准；认可 approve approval disa

6、pproval争吵，争论 argue argument arguable 安排 arrange arrangement到达 arrive arrival评估，评价 assess assessment帮助 assist assistant/assistance联系 associate association假定，假设 assume assumption使惊讶 astonish astonishment astonishing(ed)运动员 athlete athletic附上，依恋 attach attachment吸引 attract attraction attractive unattra

7、ctive attractively知道的 awareness aware unaware烤 bake bakery平衡 balance balance balanced以为基础 base basis，base basic basement 洗澡 bathe bath bathtub生，忍受 bear birth bearable unbearable birthday/birthplace美化 beautify beauty beautiful beautifully开始 begin beginner beginning 表现 behave behavior 相信 believe belie

8、f believable unbelievable believably有益的 benefit beneficial背叛 betray betrayal盲的 blindness blind blindly流血 bleed blood bloody bleeding(n.)3使烦闷 bore bored/boring勇敢 bravery brave bravely简洁的 brief briefly打碎 break broken呼吸 breathe breath breathless breathlessly晒，烧 burn burnt忙碌 business busy businessman计算

9、calculate calculation有能力的 capability/capacity capable关心，喜欢 care care careful/careless carefully/carelessly偶然的 casual casually小心 caution caution cautious庆祝 celebrate celebration celebrated celebrity 中心 centre central挑战 challenge challenge challenging改变 change change changeable unchangeable特点 characte

10、r characteristic（金融 finance finance financial牢固的 firm firmly健康，适合 fitness fit灵活的，有弹性的 flexibility flexible流畅 fluency fluent fluently雾 fog foggy跟踪；跟着 follow following 愚弄 fool fool foolish外国的 foreigner foreign忘记 forget forgetfulness forgetful（健忘的）forgettable(易忘记的) unforgettable运气 fortune fortunate unf

11、ortunate misfortune 建立 found foundation脆弱 fragility fragile芬芳 fragrance fragrant自由 free freedom free freely使结冰 freeze freezing frozen 频繁 frequency frequent frequently朋友 friend friendly friendship使惊恐 frighten fright frightened/frightening霜 frost frosty乐趣 fun funny陈设,布置 furnish furniture furnished wel

12、l-furnished 大体的 general generally慷慨 generosity generous基因 gene genetic礼物，才能 gift gifted地球 globalize globe global globalization 光荣 glory glorious统治；管理 govern governor government 优雅 grace graceful8逐渐的 gradual gradually毕业 graduate graduation graduate 感激 gratitude grateful问候，招呼 greet greeting成长，增长 grow

13、growth 指导 guide guidance内疚，罪行 guilt guilty手 hand hand handy 快乐，幸福 happiness happy unhappy happily/unhappily使变硬 harden hardship hard hard(adv) 伤害 harm harm harmful harmless和谐 harmony harmonious 恨 hate hatred hateful 健康 health healthy healthily听力 hear hearing高 height high highly 高度地帮助 help help helpfu

14、l helpless 犹豫 hesitate hesitation hesitant历史 history historic historical 诚实 honest honesty希望 hope hope hopeful hopeless hopelessness 恐怖；惊恐 horror horrible horribly幽默 humor humorous 饥饿 hunger hungry hungrily身份 identify identity identification 无视，忽视 ignore ignorance ignorant合法 legal illegal legally说明，

15、阐明 illustrate illustration想像 imagine imagination imaginative imaginary（想象的） 模仿 imitate imitation移民 immigrate immigration immigrant重要 importance important unimportant可能 possibility possible impossible impossibility 印象 impress impression impressive 提高；改良 improve improvement 包含，包括 include including工业 i

16、ndustry industrial industrially 9感染 infect infection infected膨胀，夸大 inflate inflation inflated告知 inform information伤害 injure injury injured清白，无辜 innocence innocent创新 innovate innovation检查，视察 inspect inspection鼓舞，激发 inspire inspiration inspired/inspiring立刻 instant instant instantly指示/教育 instruct instr

17、uction instructive instructor保险 insure insurance智力 intellect intellectual/intelligent intelligence打算，想要 intend intention intentional 互动，相互作用 interact interaction兴趣 interest interest interested/interesting口译；解释 interpret interpretation interpreter 打断 interrupt interruption采访 interview interviewer/ee介

18、绍，引进 introduce introduction 发明 invent invention inventor 调查 investigate investigation邀请 invite invitationinvolve involvement involved工作 job jobless 欢乐 joy joyful判断 judge judge judgment 正义 justify justice善良 kindness kind知道 know knowledge known unknown well-known大 enlarge large笑 laugh laughter懒惰 lazin

19、ess lazy lazily领导；引导 lead leader/leadership leading mislead（v) 学习 learn learner learned长 lengthen length long解放 liberate liberation/liberty可能 like likely unlikely有限的 limit limit limited limitaition10文学 literature literary literally生活 live life live/lively living/ alive 位于 locate location be located

20、in逻辑 logic logical illogicalloosen loose loosely损失；失败 lose loss lost 魔术，魔法 magician magic magic 成熟 mature immature幸运 luck lucky主要的 major major majority 管理 manage manager management 结婚 marry marriage married unmarried 药 medicine medical 大量 mass massive意思 mean meaning记忆 memorize memory memorial精神的 men

21、tal mentally仁慈 mercy merciful把.搞乱 mess mess messy 迁移 migrate migration最小量 minimum maximum少数 minority minor 悲惨 misery miserable误会 misunderstand misunderstanding misunderstood understand understanding(n.)错误 mistake mistake mistaken道德的 moral immoral刺激 motivate motivation motivated山 mountain mountainous

22、移动;前进 move movement moving moved 泥 mud muddy相乘 multiply multiple谋杀 murder murder/murderer音乐 music musical musician 神秘的 mystery mysterious名字 name name namely(adv) 国家;民族 nation/ nationality national international 自然 nature natural unnatural naturally必需的 necessity necessary unnecessary necessarily谈判 ne

23、gotiate negotiation11紧张的 nerve nervous nervously 喧闹的 noise noisy noisily正常的 normal abnormal normally数量 number numerous营养 nutrition nutritious服从，听从 obey disobey物体，宾语 object objective观察 observe observation observable占据 occupy occupation occupied 冒犯 offend offence offensive defend 官方 office official of

24、ficer运作，操作 operate operation /operator operative cooperate反对 oppose opposition opposite选择 option optional 组织 organize organization organized organizer 起源 originate origin original 痛苦 pain painful painless惊慌 panic panic panicky参与 participate participation participant 耐心 patience patient impatient和平 p

25、eace peaceful表演，表现 perform performance performer允许 permit permission人 person personal personality/personally 劝说 persuade persuasive哲学的 philosophy philosophical物理 physics physical取悦 please pleasure pleased pleasant 毒药 poison poisonous 礼貌 politeness polite impolite政治 politics political politician污染 po

26、llute pollution pollutant（污染物）流行 popularity popular拥有，持有 possess possession 可能 possibility possible impossible力量 power powerful12实践 practice practice practical 祈祷 pray prayer预测 predict prediction predictable unpredictable宁愿，情愿 prefer preference preferable 准备 prepare preparation prepared unprepared处方

27、 prescribe prescription展示 present presentation presenter 保护 preserve preservation压力 press pressure防止 prevent prevention preventable 价格 price priceless 优先 prior priority监狱 prison prisoner步骤 proceed procedure生产 produce production productive product，producer职业，专业 profession professional unprofessional

28、professor 促进，提升 promote promotion发音 pronounce pronunciation建议 propose proposal保护 protect protection protective protector证明 prove proof 骄傲 pride proud心理 psychology psychological psychologically出版 publish publication惩罚 punish punishment困惑 puzzle puzzle puzzled/puzzling资格 qualify qualification qualifie

29、d unqualified 种族 race racial racism/racist 放射 radiation radioactive 反应 react reaction意识，实现 realize realization real reality/really理论 reason reason reasonable unreasonable接收 receive receiver/ reception receipt/receptionist 意识 recognize recognition推荐 recommend recommendation恢复 recover recovery提及，查阅 re

30、fer reference referee13反射，反映 reflect reflection reflective拒绝 refuse refusal看作 regard regards regardless regarding登记 register registration规律 regulation regular irregular拒绝 reject rejection关系 relate relation related relative/relationship放松 relax relaxation relaxing，relaxed有关系的 relevant irrelevant依靠 re

31、ly reliability reliable unreliable欣慰 relieve relief relieved宗教 religion religious 剩余 remain remains remaining移动 remove removal代表 represent representative representative 要求 require requirement解救、拯救 rescue rescue rescuer 相似 resemble resemblance保存 reserve reservation辞职 resign resignation抵抗，排斥 resist re

32、sistance resistant irresistible回应 respond response责任 responsibility responsible irresponsible尊敬 respect respect respectful respectable 方面 respect respective respectively 限制 restrict restriction restricted 退休 retire retirement retired复习，评论 review/revise revision reviewer修订 revise revision抢劫 rob robbe

33、ry粗鲁，无礼 rudeness rude rudely安全 safety safe盐 salt salty满足 satisfy satisfaction satisfied/satisfying satisfactory 缺乏的 scarce scarcely吓唬 scare scared scary 科学 science scientific scientist安全 secure security secure insecure14选择 select selection selected 自己 self selfish unselfish selfless 感官 sense sensiti

34、ve insensitive sensitivity 分开 separate separation separately为服务 serve service servant 安定，居住 settle settlement settled settler severity severe severely羞愧，羞耻 shame shameful shameless ashamed 尖，锋利 sharpen sharpener sharp sharply刮 shave shaver 疾病 sick sickness看见 see sight insight(n) 签字 sign signal/signa

35、ture重要 significance significant安静 silence silent相似 similarity similar简单 simplify simplification simple simply 真诚 sincerity sincere sincerely技巧 skill skilled/skillful奴隶 slave slave slavery 睡觉 sleep sleep sleepy 闻 smell smelly顺利 smooth smoothly下雪 snow snowy社会 socialize society social socialist, social

36、ism解决 solve solution悲伤 sorrow sorrowful特别的 specialist special specialize 精神 spirit spiritual稳定 stability stable污点 stain stainless（使）挨饿 starve starvation陈述 state statement statesman 储藏 store storage store(n) 陌生的 stranger strange强，有力 strengthen strength strong压力 stress stress stressed stressful 风格 sty

37、le stylish stylist 主体 subject subjective15顺从 submit submission订阅 subscribe subscription成功 succeed success successful遭受 suffer suffering 建议 suggest suggestion适合 suit suitable总结 summarize summary卓越的 superior super/superb/superior支持 support support supportive supporter 围绕 surround surroundings surround

38、ing 幸存 survive survival survivor 象征 symbolize symbol symbolic 同情 sympathize sympathy sympathetic系统 system systematic 口味，品味 taste taste tasty tasteless技术 technique technical technology 倾向 tend tendency紧张 tension tense恐怖 terrify terror terrified/terrifying terrorism/terrorist理论 theory theoretical盗窃 th

39、ief theft渴 thirst thirsty 想，思想 think thought thoughtful thinking 威胁 threaten threat使兴奋 thrill thriller thrilled thrilling 使劳累 tire tiredness tiring, tired tiresome忍受 tolerate tolerance/toleration tolerant/ tolerable intolerant/intolerable触摸 touch touch touched touching 旅游,巡演 tour tour tourism/touris

40、t 传统 tradition traditional变形，变化 transform transformation transformer翻译 translate translation translator对待，治疗 treat treat /treatment treaty 麻烦 trouble troublesome真实的 trust truth true truly 尝试，审讯 try trial麻烦 trouble troublesome16真实的 truth true truly类别 type typical typist理解 understand understanding und

41、erstandable宇宙 universe universal university 催促 urge urge urgent使用 use use useful/useless user 通常 usual usually有效的 validity valid invalid 价值 value value valuable valueless Invaluable 类别 vary variety various违反，触犯 violate violation暴力 violence violent violently火山 volcano volcanic志愿 volunteer volunteer v

42、oluntary voluntarily 侍候 wait waiting waiter/waitress温暖 warm warmth warm警告 warn warning浪费 waste waste waste wasteful 挥动 wave wave wavy 弱 weaken weakness weak 财富 wealth wealthy每周 week weekly疲惫 wear worn重量 weigh weight宽 widen width wide widespread愿意 will will willing unwilling unwillingness智慧的 wisdom wise皱纹 wrinkle wrinkled奇迹 wonder wonder wonderful木 wood wooden羊毛 wool woolen担心 worry worry worried糟糕的 worse worsen价值 worth worthless worthwhile/worthy伤害 wound wound wounded年轻 youth young youngster 拉链 zip zipper