1、宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。它是众多从句中的一员，在复合句中作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如： I know the man.而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如： I know that the man is a policeman. 主句 引导词 从句宾语从句三大块: 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句的时态。.宾语从句的引导词1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用 that 引导，that 无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：My teacher said I was a good
2、boy.老师说我是个好男孩。She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend （that）1.This is a book.2.You like singing.3.He worked last night.4.They will go home.5.Jim has been to Beijing.6.She sings well.2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用 if
3、 或 whether 引导，意为“是否” 。如：(1) Is Jim a good student? I dont knowI dont know if /whether Jim is a good student.(2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks if/whether1.Is he reading ?2.Do you get up
4、 at six?3.Does Tom work hard?4.Did you watch TV ?5.Will they read books ?6.Can you sing ?注意：只能用 whether 不用 if 的三种情况 一般情况下，if 和 whether 可以互换，但以下 3 种 情况只能用 whether： 与 or not 连用： He asked me whether or not I was coming. Let me know whether you can come or not. 在介词之后：It depends on whether it is going to
5、 rain. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings 在不定式之前：We havent decided whether to go there. I dont know whether to accept or refuse.3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。如：1.What is she doing? Can you tell me?Can you tell me what she is doing?2.Where does she live? Do you know?Do you know where she lives?
6、用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3. Can you tell me 1. What is this ?2. What are you doing ?3. Where do you live ?4. When does he get up ?5. How did you go to work?6. Who will you play with?.宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序句式 连词 语序 例句陈述句 That 不变 I think that we can be good friends.一般疑问句if/whether 改为陈述语
7、序I cant remember if I posted the letter.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词 改为陈述语序He asked who was our English teacher.注意事项:(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及 what, who 作主语时，语序不变：Whats wrong? Whats the matter?Whats happening?eg:I dont know whats the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?.宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以
8、是_时态。I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时） 。例如：He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 特殊情况：1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观
9、事实、自然现象、名言时，任用现在时。Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.He told the boy that three and three is six.Could you tell me where the bookshop is.2.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。The teacher told me she was born in 1960.即学即练 子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1) These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He sa
10、id _ these flowers _ from Guangdong. 2) Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3) There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4) Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to k
11、now _ _ _ _ French.5) Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games.6) Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma ChaoMr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.7) How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?8)
12、 Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ her car?9) What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.10) Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know.I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly.11) Does he still live in that street? I dont know.I d
13、ont know _ he still _ in that street. 12) Whats his name? I asked him. I asked him what _ _ _ _.13) When does the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me _ _ _ _.14) Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _they _fried chicken.15）Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont kn
14、ow. I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.单项选择1）I hope _ it will snow this winter.A.when B.if C.whetherD./答案：D hope 后面应该接 that 引导的宾语从句，that 在句中没有任何意义，可以省略。2)I dont know _ Mr.Green will come to see us.He will help us with our English.A.why B.when C.howD.where答案：A 从下文的答语看，上文不知道的应该是 “来看我们的原因”。3)I
15、cant remember _ I have seen him before.A.whether B.why C.what D.how答案：A 本句表达一种不确定的概念，用 whether 或 if。4)Do you know _？Im going to see him.Sorry，I dont know.A.where does Mr.Li live B.where did Mr.Li liveC.where Mr.Li lives D.where Mr.Li lived答案：C 宾语从句要用陈述语气，排除 A、B 两项。从句意判断问的是“现在住哪儿？”。5)Where do you thi
16、nk _ he _ the computer？Sorry，I have no idea.A.；bought B.has；boughtC.did； buy D.does；buy答案：A do you think 是插入语，可以把它去掉，分析句意应该用应用过去时态和陈述语序。6)I cant understand _ he likes computer games so much.A.that B.whether C.why D.where答案：C 句意为“我不理解为什么他那么喜欢电脑游戏 ”。7)(2010 北京中考大纲卷 )Do you know _ the MP3 player last w
17、eek?Sorry，I have no idea.A.how much did she pay for B.how much will she pay forC.how much she paid for D.how much she will pay for答案：C 宾语从句要用陈述语序，由此排除 A、 B 两项，由 last week 判断应该用过去时态。初中英语语法之感叹感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用“what“和“how“引导，“what“和“how“与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。 一、 由“what“引导的感叹句：“what“意为“多么“用
18、作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词 a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是： what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语. 如： What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！ What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀！ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀！ What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀！ What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀！ What
19、heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀！ 二、由“how“引导的感叹句：“how“意为“多么“，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果 how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是： How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语. 如： How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀！ How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀！ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀！ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀！ How hard they ar
20、e working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀！ 三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用“what“引导，也可用“how“引导。如： What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀！ What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！ What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！ What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀！ 四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。 如： What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀！ What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀！ What red apples! 多么红的苹果呀！ How cool! 好凉快呀！ How wonderful! 精彩极了！
