1、8A unit3 A day out 英语知识点总结一、重点短语 1. climb the hill 爬山climb (up)爬 (p38) 知识链接climb up the Great Wall 爬长城climb into the bed 爬上床 climb through the window 从窗户爬出来 climb over the wall 翻越墙 2. need to exercise and keep fit 需要锻炼来保持健康 知识链接keep fit, keep healthy, stay healthy 保持健康 need 作名词时，构成短语 in need。作行为动词时有
2、人称和数的变化，后接不定式或动名词；当主语和它后面的动词之间有一种被动关系时，使用 need doing 或 need to be done。作情态动词时无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 We should help people in need. He needs to study hard. A lot of homework needs finishing.A lot of homework needs to be finished. 3. come on (命令句)快，快点吧；走吧；跟我来；好啦好啦；这边来吧 知识链接Come on! Well be late for school.快
3、点！我们上学要迟到了。 4. Lets enjoy ourselves! 知识链接enjoy oneselfhave a good time 玩得高兴,过得愉快，反身代词与主语保持一致。 Lets do sth., shall we? 除此以外的祈使句，无论是肯定式还是否定式，附加疑问部分一律用 will you。e.g. Dont be late again, will you? Open the door, will you? Let us go home, will you? 5. take a boat trip 乘船旅行，go past the Opera House 经过悉尼歌剧院
4、 6. sit in a little coffee shop by the River Seine 坐在塞纳河畔的一个小咖啡店里 知识链接coffee house 咖啡店；茶馆，coffee shop 咖啡店 by在旁边(比 near 近) Come and warm yourself by the fire.过来烤烤火。 7. take care 保重；当心，小心 知识链接take (good) care oflook afterwell (好好 )照顾 look out 当心look out of 向外看 be careful 小心be careful of/with珍视；注意 Plea
5、se be careful of your health. 请注意你的健康。 8. a beautiful building with a big garden and many trees 介词短语作后置定语，修饰名词。 9. foreign country 外国，a foreign language 一门外语 10. have a wonderful/great/good time 玩得高兴；过得愉快 (p40) 11. interesting placesplaces of interest 有趣的地方；名胜 (注意此处的 interest 无复数) 知识链接这里 interest 解释
6、为“令人感兴趣的事或人”。interest 还表示“兴趣”，常用的短语有：show/have interest in sth 对某事感兴趣， show/have interest in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣 Daniel shows/has great interest in computers. Daniel shows/has great interest in making his own home page. 12. invite me to join their school trip to the World Park 邀请我参加她们学校组织的去世界公园的旅行 知识链
7、接invite sb to 邀请某人去某地sb be invited to某人应邀去某地， Millie invited me to her birthday party. I was invited to Millies birthday party. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事sb be invited to do sth 某人应邀做某事， We should invite more people to take part in the charity show. More people should be invited to take part in the
8、 charity show. join 参加，加入某组织，如政党、社会团体等。join sb, join sb in sth 指和某人一起做某事。join intake part in参加某活动， attend 出席。试比较： He joined the tennis club. The man joined the army at the age of 19. He joined in the game. Did you take part in your school sports meeting? Were going to plant trees. Will you join us?
9、He joined us in the game. 13. at the beginning 开始；起初 知识链接at the beginningin the beginning at firstat the start 开始；起初 (See 8A p42) at last, finally, in the end 后来；最后；终于，与上述短语“开始，起初”意思相反。 用法拓展at the beginning of在之初( 后接时间)at the end of在末尾，在的尽头(后接时间或地点) 注意：没有 in the beginning of, in the end of from begi
10、nning to end 自始至终；从头到尾。注意：该短语不含定冠词 the。 begin with start with先做 ；以开始 e.g. Lets begin with Exercise 1. 表示“启程”、机器的“ 启动 ”只能用 start。Lets start at 6:00 a.m. tomorrow. Well begun is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。 14. at the school gate 在学校大门口 知识链接at 表示在较小的地方，如：at the theatre 在剧院， at the party 在聚会上，at the airport
11、 在机场，at the bus stop 在公交站台，at the crossing, at the crossroads 在十字路口 15. get on a coach 上长途汽车 知识链接get on/get off上、下( 车、船等)，e.g. get on/get off the plane 上、下飞机 16. a lot of trafficheavy trafficbusy traffic 交通拥挤，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 17. on the city roads 在市内道路上， on the highwayon the main road between cities 在交
12、通干道上 18. feel sick 感到难受，感到恶心 知识链接feel ill 感到不好受，fall ill 病倒 feel good 指身体健康或精神振奋，feel well 仅指没有生病 e.g. Im not feeling so good. Can I have the day off? 我感觉不大好。我今天能否休息？ He didnt feel well after the operation. 他在这次手术之后，感觉身体不好。 19. arrive at the World Park 到达世界公园 知识链接“到达” 有三种表达，即：get to某地，arrive at小地方，a
13、rrive in大地方，reach某地。get to，arrive at/in 后接地点副词时不能用介词，常用的地点副词有 here, there, home。如： get/arrive here/there/home 到这里/ 到那里/到家。 20. be made of metal 由金属制成 知识链接be made of由制成，强调从制成的成品上还能看得出原材料，物理变化。The desk is made of wood. 这张桌子是木制的。 be made from由制成，表示从成品上已经看不出原材料 ,化学变化。Wine is made of grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。 b
14、e made up of由组成，由 构成，指各个部分组成整体。 Our class is made up of 54 students. 我们班由 54 名学生组成。 be made in在某地制造 NOKIA mobile phones are made in Beijing. 21. not any more 再也不no more，no more, no longer 用于 be 动词后、行为动词前 (p41) 知识链接not any moreno more再也不(表示程度、数量上的不再) not any longerno longer不再(表示时间上的不再延续) e.g. When th
15、e baby saw his mother, he did not cry any more. After having some bread, she was no longer hungry. 用法拓展more and more越来越；越来越多 more or less 几乎；差不多 what is more 更有甚者；更为重要的是 e.g. Ive more or less finished reading the book. 我差不多已经读完这本书。 Youre wrong, and what is more you know it. 你错了！而且你明明知道你错了！ 22. the s
16、ong and dance parade 歌舞巡游，join in the dancing 加入舞蹈行列 23. on the Internet 在因特网上 知识链接on the computer 在电脑上，on the screen 在屏幕上，on TV 在电视上 24. teach himself how to make a home page 自学制作网页 知识链接teach oneselflearnby oneself 自学，疑问词带 to 的动词不定式。 25. go and see for yourself 亲自去看看 知识链接for oneself 亲自，by oneselfon
17、 ones ownalone 独自；单独 Did she find it out for herself? Yes. She did it all by herself. 26. travel from one place to another 从一个地方到另一地方旅行 (p42) 知识链接from one place to another 相当于 from place to place，类似的有：from one country to anotherfrom country to country。 用法拓展fromto another 中的 another 不能用 other 代替。 fro
18、mto中的名词前不能用冠词 a/an/the，名词不能用复数。 from beginning to end 自始至终，from head to foot 从头到脚 from morning to night 27. take a look at看一看 知识链接have/take a look 看一看，只强调看的动作； have/take a look at看一看 I took a lot of photos in Shenzhen. May I have/take a look at them? Take a look at the things (people used in the pas
19、t). 括号内的句子是定语从句。 28. 北京著名景点：Laoshe Tea House 老舍茶馆，the Great Wall 长城，the Palace Museum故宫，the Summer Palace 颐和园，Tiananmen Square 天安门广场，Wangfujing Street 王府井大街，the Monument to the Peoples Heroes 人民英雄纪念碑，the Peoples Great Hall 人民大会堂， the Temple of Heaven 天坛，Tsinghua University 清华大学，Peking University 北京大
20、学，Beihai Park 北海公园 29. in the past 过去，at present 现在，in the future 将来；未来 (注意介词 in/at 和冠词的搭配)(p44) 30. walk slowly around the big lake and feel the beauty of the old park in the Summer palace 在颐和园里环湖漫步，感受这座古老公园的美丽 知识链接beauty n. 美；美丽 e.g. A thing of beauty is a joy for ever.美的事物永远令人喜爱。(语出约翰济慈 John Keat
21、s英国文坛巨星、著名诗人，与雪莱、拜伦齐名) 美人；美丽的事物，She was a beauty in her day.around 围绕；环绕show sb around. 带领某人参观某地 The guide showed us around the Xuanwu Lake Park. The earth travels around the sun. 31. travel by underground 坐地铁 知识链接by underground 乘坐地铁，by交通工具，是介词短语，此时 by 后无介词。类似的有：by bus/train/plane/underground 乘坐公共汽车
22、/火车/飞机/地铁。表示“乘坐某交通工具去某地”通常有两种表达：go to sp bytake the to。例如：坐地铁去市中心：go to the centre of the city by undergroundtake the underground to the centre of the city。另外，“乘坐飞机去某地” 有三种形式：go toby planetake the plane tofly to(飞往) 32. learn more about old Beijing 更多地了解老北京 33. great fun 很有趣 (p46) 知识链接fun 名词娱乐，嬉戏 e.
23、g. He is full of fun.他很有趣。有趣的人或事 We had a lot of fun at the party.在聚会上我们玩得很高兴。 It is fun to play cards.玩牌很有趣。( 不加 a) for fun 闹着玩的， e.g. I have said it just for fun.我是说着玩的。 make fun of嘲弄 e.g. They made fun of him. 34. go horse riding 去骑马，e.g. You can go horse riding in Inner Mongolia. 35. keep their
24、secret to themselves 保守着他们的这个秘密 知识链接keep sth to oneself 不将某事说出去 e.g.She always keeps her ideas to herself. The problem of stress gets worse when people keep their worries to themselves. keep secrets for sb 为某人保密， e.g. Thank you so much for keeping the secret for me. 36. at the front of the bus 在公交车的
25、前部 at/in the front of在的前部 知识链接in front of“在 的前面”，主要指一物体在另一物体的前面，两者是分开的，反义词是 behind，“ 在的后面” ；而 at/in the front of 则指一物体中有一部分位于前部，在某物的前面部分，即两者是包容的，the front 是某物的不可分割的组成部分；at/in the front of 的反义词是 at the back of在某物的后面部分；而 before 是“在的面前”。 The introduction is always in/at the front of the book.序言总是置于卷首。
26、She sat in/at the front of the bus to get a good view of the country. Many people took photos (在前面) the Leaning Tower of Pisa. The robber was taken (在面前) the policeman. 37. in the final of the basketball competition 在篮球赛决赛中 (p50) 知识链接in the first half of the在的上半场比赛中， in the second half of the在的下半场比赛
27、中，in the final of the在的决赛中，half-time 中场休息，presentation of cup and medals 颁发奖杯和奖牌仪式，gold medal 金牌，silver medal 银牌，bronze medal 铜牌。 注意：赢得/获得金牌：win a gold medal 38. take place 发生；举行，不及物动词短语，不能接宾语，不能用于被动语态中。 知识链接take place 发生The dialogue took place at a tailors shop. Great changes have taken place in Ch
28、ina since 1989. 注意：happen 是“偶然发生” e.g. What happened to him last night? 举行be held，e.g. The wedding of Michael and Stella will take place next Sunday. 用法拓展take the place of取代/代替，take ones place 取代/ 代替某人 Here is a toy plane to take the place of the one you lost. My sister is ill, and Ive come to take
29、her place. Now plastics (塑料 ) can steel (钢材) in many ways in life. A. take place of B. take the place of C. in place of D. instead of 39. go back to my school 回到我的学校 (p51) 知识链接go back toreturn to回到e.g. Hong and Macao have returned to China. 40. a fun place to visit 动词不定式作后置定语，这里的 fun 是形容词，意为“有趣的”。 (
30、p52) 41. the plan for today 当天的计划 plan n.计划 v.计划 (p54) 知识链接make a plan 制订计划，make a/the plan for制订的计划，plan to do sth 计划做某事 e.g. make a plan for the coming summer holiday 42. change to the bus 换乘公共汽车 知识链接change v.，“交换” ，与复数宾语连用 Can we change seats? change 名词，变化( 可数名词) e.g. great changes 巨变 找给的零钱 “Dont
31、 forget your change!” said the cashier. 43. take the bus all the way to the Palace Museum 乘公共汽车直达故宫 44. make it a really fun day for everyone 使每个人度过真正有趣的一天 45. let me know as soon as possible.let sb know as soon as possible 尽快通知某人 46. go climbing on rocks 去攀岩 (p55) 词汇解析 1. luck n.运气，常用于Good luck to
32、sb.祝某人好运。Good luck with sth.某事好运。 lucklucky adj.幸运的，e.g. a lucky dog 幸运儿 luckyluckily 幸好，幸运地，幸运的是，常用于句首。 Her handbag was stolen on her way back home. (luck), she hadnt put her keys in it. 2. play hide-and-seek 捉迷藏 (详见 Unit 2“词汇解析”第 4 条) 3. support v.&n.支持；养活 e.g. have a lot of support from sb 得到某人的大
33、力支持 Mark has a big family to support.马克养活一大家人。with ones support 在某人的支持下 supportsupporter 支持者；拥护者 e.g. Im a Yao Ming supporter.我是姚明的球迷。 4. instead adv. 代替 e.g. Theres nothing at the cinema. Lets go to the Internet bar instead. instead of名词/代词/动名词 /介词短语，代替 e.g. Can I come at 9:00 instead of 8:00? 5. r
34、eal/true 词语辨析 real 和 true 的主要含义不同， real 指确实存在、非相像的；true 表示与事实相符、真实、非杜撰的。e.g. Was it real or was it a dream? 这是真实还是梦幻？ Is the news true? 这消息是真的吗？a movie based on a true story 取材于真实故事的电影 6. movement n. 运动；行进；走动 e.g. There was a sudden movement in the bushes. 灌木丛里突然有什么东西动了一下。the womens/peace movement 妇
35、女/和平运动 7. ticket 票；券；入场券 e.g. a bus/theatre/plane ticket 公共汽车票/戏票/机票，Tickets are available from Arts Centre at ￥50. 艺术中心有票，每张 50 元。 a ticket for票, free tickets for the show 演出的免费入场券 a ticket office 售票处，a ticket machine 自动售票机，a ticket collector 收票员 8. win (在比赛、赛跑、战斗等中 )获胜,赢,后接宾语为比赛、赛跑、战斗等，不能接人作宾语反义词
36、lose。winner 获胜者。beat(在比赛或竞争中)赢、打败 (某人)，后接的宾语是人或团体。 France won the World Cup in 1998, but lost in 2002. Congratulations! You win! He beat me at chess. Their recent wins have proved theyre still the ones to beat. 9. cheer vi.欢呼；喝彩； cheer for为欢呼cheer sb 欢呼某人cheerful 高兴的；兴高采烈的， Cheering crowds greeted t
37、heir arrival. We all cheered for our football team as they came on the field. The crowd cheered the President when he drove slowly by. He felt cheerful and full of energy.他感到兴高采烈，浑身充满活力。 cheers (用于祝酒 )干杯，常用作 Cheers! (英口)再见，如：Cheers then. See you later. 10. wonder 奇迹 e.g. Grand Canyon is one of the n
38、atural wonders in the world. 想知道，常用于 wonder if/whether, wonder wh-从句 e.g. I wonder if you can help me. Linda wonders where Simon is hiding. 二、重点句型 1. Which city do you want to go to? (p39) 知识链接该句的疑问词 which 作 go to 的宾语，不能使用 where。例如该句可以回答为 I want to go to Paris/Washington/London 试比较： Where does he li
39、ve? Which flat does he live in? 2. The trip from Kittys school to the world took about two hours by coach. 知识链接Sth takes sb some time by.乘坐某交通工具需要 时间。The journey from Taipei to Beijing takes three hours by plane. 3. The model pyramids looked just like the real ones in Egypt. (p 41) 知识链接look like 看起来
40、像，look just like看起来就像，ones 代指前面的复数pyramids，若是单数则用 one。look the same 看起来一样，后面不接宾语。 4. It was interesting to see models of so many places of interest from all over the world. (p42) 知识链接It be adj.(for sb)to do sth. It 是形式主语，动词不定式是真正主语，因为动词不定式短语往往太长，为了避免头重脚轻，因此使用这种句型。 It is necessary for them to work ha
41、rd from now on. 5. It is 467,000 square metres in area.它的面积是 467,000 平方米。 (p52) 知识链接Sth is in area. 某物的面积是。square kilometre 平方千米 China is 9,600,000 square kilometers.中国的面积是 9,600,000 平方千米。 6. The cost is about ￥50 per person. 每个人的费用大约是 50 元。 (p54) 知识链接cost 动词，表示“某物的价值为” 用 Sth cost some money. Tickets cost ten dollars each.每张票价为 10 美元。 costthe money that you spend on something 名词，“费用”。e.g. the cost of the trip 旅行的费用，the cost of living 生活费用，cost price 成本价，at all costs 不惜任何代价，at any cost在任何情况下；无论如何。
