1、1中考英语任务型阅读解题思路与技巧任务型阅读理解是根据任务型教学设计而成的，它是介于任务理解与书面表达之间的一种题型。它要求学生在阅读文章后能对文章中某些细节做到准确把握或对整篇文章进行提炼概括，是一种读写结合的题型。这种题型既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查学生的分析问题、解决问题的能力，还考查学生运用英语语言将有关内容以文字形式正确地表达出来的能力。纵观去年的中考试题，不难发现阅读材料难度整体适中，材料后的题目设计难度并不很大，但是学生在实际做题过程中，经常会犯一些错误，导致不必要的失分。因此我们有必要让同学们掌握一些解题方法。完成任务型阅读的过程就是：阅读（信息输入）判断、分析、概括、推理
2、（信息加工与处理）答题（信息输出）。具体说来，任务型阅读的解题策略包括以下几个方面：一、 确定阅读任务任务型阅读一般提供一段或几段阅读材料，在材料后设置 5 个任务，做题时我们应先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读材料，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对性的去读，并能提高阅读效率。二、 读全文，了解大意明确任务后，应迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图、态度倾向。三、仔细阅读题干，带着问题复读原文要仔细阅读题干（即问题），明白问题的指向。读完问题，就应该能判断出问题的设计是针对一个单词、一句话、一段话，还是全文。试题的题干决定了答题时不同的阅读范围，尤其值得注
3、意。四、仔细研读细节，答题必须符合题目要求2任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力，更加注重考查学生“写” 的能力。若是写单词，则要注意拼写正确，词形、词性有无变化，是否需要大写；若所要完成的是短语或句子成分，则需谨慎对待，依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么样的表达方式，不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。 任务型阅读的主要题型及答题策略：1、根据短文回答问题 找准相应的段落，节选有用的句子。根据答题需要，把有用的句子进行合理地整合，尽量简洁。2、句型转换(主要是复合句与简单句的转换) sothat tooto enough to 宾语从句疑问词+ to do简单句宾语从句主动、
4、被动互换时间状语从句互换：after+从句 notuntil +从句,并列句与复合句转换（尤其是条件状语从句）：3、同义句转换这类题目注意词的 固定搭配、习惯用法 、词语释义。根据释义写文中出现的单词，注意词性、词形。来源于文章，但要注意变形。 一般而言，名词用单数，动词用原形，形容词与副词一般用原级。4、就划线部分提问这部分题要注意疑问词的运用以及时态的综合运用，平时要注意所学疑问词的具体意思，如：what( 什么)，how( 怎样 )，where( 哪里)，how long(多久)，how often(多久一次)等等。5、概括文章的大意或给文章添加标题从文章中找出能概括文章中心思想的主题句
5、。注意文章的标题、开头与结尾。3注意出现频率较高的词，这就很有可能是主题词，通过分析主题词在本文的意义，结合文中主题词所在的一些相关句子，整合出主题句。总之，任务型阅读理解不同于传统的阅读理解，它介于阅读理解与写作之间，教师应该适应新课改的要求，掌握任务型阅读理解的特点，在复习阶段，可整合课本中的课文内容进行任务型阅读训练，加强学生任务型阅读能力的培养。【典型训练】1任务型阅读理解：仔细阅读下面的短文并按要求完成后面的小题。Just as in face-to-face communication, there are some basic rules of behavior(行为) that
6、 should be followed on the Internet. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. Imagine how youd feel if you were in the other persons shoes.For anything youre about to send: ask yourself, “ Would I say that to the persons face?” If the answer is no, rewrite
7、 and reread. If someone in the chat room is rude to you, you neednt to fire back. You should either ignore(不理睬) the person, or use your chat software to block their messages. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not
8、 be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, be kind about it. If you do decide to tell someone about the mistake, point it out politely. At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended(冒犯).询问别人诸如年龄、性别
9、和家庭情况等隐私 问题是不礼貌的。 Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, or dont ask such questions.76. In the chat room we must respect others _ and _.77. When you find you make a mistake in the chat room, what should you do?_78.将划线部分翻译成汉语_79.选择一个适当的句子
10、放在处_A. First impressions last longest. B. Everyone was new to the network once.C. The internet has opened up a whole new world for us.D. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything.80.将划线部分翻译成英语：4Key：76. beliefs, opinions77. I should correct myself and apologize to those t
11、hat I have offended.78. 你要设身处地为别人着想。79. B80. It is impolite to task others personal questions such as their age, sex and families.2阅读短文。然后根据题目要求及所 给语境完成下列四项任 务。Co-operation(合作)is always needed when you make a project that the teacher gives youFirst，discuss all you would like to do with your classmat
12、esChoose one of the members to writedown what!youre talking aboutThen，with the ideas you get，list all you wantEveryone shares tlle duty for the projectYou can collect information not only from books but also on the IntemetMaking a sunrey(调查)and doing a research are also good waysAfter that，all the m
13、embers put what has been found togetherTry to make the project more wellorganizedIn the end，you can give a report in front of your class to show the results of your hard work根据英文释义及首字母提示。拼写 单词。71.i_plan；opinion72.s_use，pay or have something with others同义旬转换。每空一词。You can collect information not only
14、from books but also on the IntemetYou Can collect information 73_from books 74_on the Intemet根据短文内容简答问题。What can you give in front of your class to show the results of your hard work?75_5Key：71idea 72share 73both 74and 75A report任务性阅读专项练习1Today it is found that most middle school students pay little
15、 attention to sports. Its because they have no interest in sports? It may not be the fact.They often say they have other more important things to do. What are these important things? Exams! They usually spend over ten hours a day revising for exams. So many of them almost become bookworms. In the su
16、mmer holidays they could hardly do anything they like. Books _ them from going in for _. 因为来自父母和老师的压力 ,他们不得不更加努力学习.As for the students themselves, they want to get good results so that they can go further for their studies. They dont have to put all their effort into studying and give up all the spo
17、rts and hobbies. In fact, education cannot go without physical exercise, because a quick mind hardly goes along a week body.All the students should remember: If you dont have a strong body, you can never achieve anything, let alone a great success in your life. 1、在句的空白处填入适当的词使句意完整，上下文通顺。 2、将句译成英文。_
18、3、将句译成中文_4、写出与下列句子意思相近的句子:It usually takes them more than ten hours to revise for exams. _5、找出文中或写出最能表达该短文主题的句子。_2Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didnt have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.6Life today has brought new problems.One of the bigg
19、est problems is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It killed our fish and _a_ our drinking water. _b_ pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. Its hard to all the living things in the world.Cars, pl
20、anes and factories all pollute our air every day, （2）sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt(被子 ) over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.Many countries are making rules to flight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is poured away, they mustnt blow
21、 dirty smoke into the air.We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car, (3)开车的人少了，空气污染就少了。 1. 在横线上填入适当的单词 a._ b. _.(每空一词)2. 将句子(2)译成汉语_3. 将句子(3)译成英语_4. 找出Dirty water must be stoppe
22、d from dumping into the river. 的同义句._5. 找出或写出能概括本文大意的句子。_ _3All living things on the earth need other living things to live with. Nothing lives alone.Sometimes one living thing kills another. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食物链). 1）有些
23、食物链简单而其它的不尽然。But all food chains begin with the sun, and all food chains become broken if one of the links disappears.All life needs sunlight to live on. But only plants can use sunlight directly. They make food from sunlight, water, air and so on. 2）Animals can only use the suns energy after it has
24、 been changed into food by plants. Some animals feed directly on plants. Others eat smaller animals. Meat-eating animals are only eating plants indirectly.What about human beings? We are members of many food chains. We eat wheat, rice, 7vegetables, fruit and so on. We also eat meat and drink milk. B
25、ut people often break up the food chains. They kill wild animals. They also make rivers, lakes and seas dirty. 3）When these rivers, lakes and seas are _, the fish in them cannot be _. If people eat the fish, they will get strange diseases. Each form of life is linked to all the others. Breaking the
26、links puts all life in danger.1、将(1)处的汉语译成英文。2、将(2)处的英文译成汉语。3、在(3)处的空白处填上适当的单词。 4、在文中划出与下列句子意思相近的句子：The animals that eat meat are not just eating plants directly._ 5、找出文中或写出最能表达该短文主题的句子： 4Did you see snow in your hometown last winter? Did you feel it was warmer than before?“(2)自1986年以来中国已有21 个暖冬了,“
27、said scientists. They also said that in the past 100 years, as the global (全球的) temperatures went up by 0.74 C , the temperature in North China has climbed 1.4 C in only 50 years.China needs to (1) to cut carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) emission (排放),because its the main reason for global warming. The good ne
28、ws is that China has seen the importance of going green. China set the goal of cutting energy use by 20 and pollution emission by 10 in the 11th Five-Year Plan.Can you slow down global warming? Sure! (3)You and your family can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxide that is sent out into the
29、air.Here are some pieces of advice to help you save the earth. Wear used clothes. Wearing your brothers, sisters or dads old T-shirt means you save the energy. Change your light bulbs (灯泡). Use energy-saving light bulbs. And dont forget to turn off the lights when you leave a room and turn off your
30、television and computer when they are not in use!8 Ride the bus. Taking a bus saves a lot of oil every year. Say no to plastic bags. The next time your parents go to the market, ask them to use baskets Open a window. Dont use the air conditioner (空调), and let some fresh air in. When you have to use
31、the conditioner, set the temperature higher in the summer and lower in the winter to save energyMake small changes in your daily life. Dont use paper cups, bags and boxes.Its time for all of us to do something to save the earth.1. 在(1)空白处填入适当的词:_2. 将(2)翻译成英文. 3. 将(3)翻译成中文. 4. 请在文中找出下句的同义 :Remember t
32、o turn off the electrical equipment when leaving home or when they are not in use._5找出能概括本文中心思想的短语： 5American and British people both speak English of course. But sometimes it does not seem like the same language. In fact, there are some important differences between British English and American Eng
33、lish.First of all, they sound very different. Often, Americans dont say each word separately. They say several words together. Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I dont know.” Or they may say “Whaddya say?” instead of “What did you say?” However, the British are more careful in their speech. Th
34、ey usually say all the words and keep them separate.(3)Sound is not only the difference between British English and American English. Words sometimes have different meanings too. Some American words are never used in England. The same thing is true of some British words in America. For example, the
35、vocabulary for cars and driving is very different. Americans drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries.Many expressions are also different in the two countries. In England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you “phone them up”. In America, you “give them a call”. When you are sayin
36、g goodbye in England you might say “Cheerio!” In America you might say “See you later.”Therere also some differences in grammar. For example, Americans usually use the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. They say “Do you have a storybook?” But the British often leave out the helping verb. Th
37、ey say “Have you a storybook?”9All these differences can be confusing(易混淆的) if you are learning English. But most languages are like this. Languages change over time. When people live in separate places, the languages change in different ways. This is what has happened to English. It can also happen
38、 to other languages, such as French. Many people in Canada speak French. (4)但是他们的法语和法国的法语不一样。1. This passage is mainly about _.2. What does the word “separately” mean in this passage? It means “_”.A. 含糊地 B. 快速地 C. 分开地 D. 简略地3. Put the underlined sentence into Chinese._4. Put the sentence into Englis
39、h._5. How many differences has the writer told us between American English and British English? _6Have you ever heard of a famous charity called Operation Smile? We hope we can help you understand how we are trying to help children all over the world.Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his w
40、ife. In 1982, together with some volunteers, they went to Philippines to help children who had holes in their lips or inside their mouths. (1)对他们来说，吃喝很困难。These volunteers worked very hard. But they worried that they could not carry on with the work because they were lack(缺乏) of money. Then they deci
41、ded to start a charity so that they could help these needy children. They called it Operation Smile.Operation Smile works in more than twenty developing counties and has cured over 10,000 children who have problems with their mouths. Operation Smile has won many prizes for its work and in 1999 they
42、even started a special event called “The World Journey of Hope”. 5,000 children in 18 countries are cured during the event.(2) _, Operation Smile trains health care professionals in developing countries so that they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. As to the children with
43、 much more serious problems, they will send them to America for further treatment.10So show your kindness and generosity to the needy children now. You can send your donation to Operation Smile at local bank. (3) Many thanks from the children who can smile now will come to you.1. 将(1)句译成英文：_2. 将(2)句
44、的空白处填入适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺：_3. 将(3)句译成中文：_4. 找出文中与下列句子意思相近的句子：They worried that they could not continue to work because they have no money._5. What is the main idea of the passage?_7The program “China Year in Russia(俄罗斯)” has ended, but the cultural ties between the two countries grow stronger. “Chinese fever(中国热)” continues in Russia.Fifty-year-old Wei Dehan has been studying Chinese culture for thirty years. He was among the first Russians to open a Chinese teahouse in Moscow. That was in 1995. H
