1、Unit 4Dont eat in class.,Dont smoke!,No smoking!,No photos!,Dont take photos here!,No parking!,No swimming!,Dont park cars here!,Dont swim here!,There are many rules in our life.,We cant break the rules, we must obey/keep/follew the rules.,break the rules:obey/keep/follow the rules:,违反规则,遵守规则,一、祈使句1
2、. 用法：一般以动词原形开头，表示请求、命令、 劝说、警告等。在祈使句中，通常省略句子主语第二人称you。,2. 句子结构(1) 肯定句：_+ 其他 在餐厅里吃东西。 _ 在音乐教室里听音乐。 _ 骑自行车去上学。 _,动词原形,Eat in the dining hall.,Listen to music in the music room.,Ride the bike to school.,(2) 否定句: _ + _+ 其他 不要和同学们打架。 _ 不要在教室里打篮球。 _,Dont fight with your classmates.,Dont play basketball in
3、the classroom.,Dont 动词原形,以let引起的句子 _+ sb.+动词原形 让我们步行去上学吧。_ (4) No + 动词-ing形式。表示“禁止、规劝” 禁止停车！No Parking. 禁止吸烟！No Smoking.,Let,Lets walk to school.,拓展,情态动词can的用法,表示能力（如体力和脑力方面），意为 “能；会”等。例如： Can you speak English? 你会讲英语吗？ 2. 表示请求或允许，多用在口语中，意为“可以；能”等。例如： Can I help you? 我能帮助你吗？ 用于否定句表示不允许。例如： You cant
4、play basketball. 你不能玩篮球。,拓展,情态动词can的用法,用于疑问句中用来提出要求。例如： Can you.？“请你好吗？”表示说话人的请求。 Can I.？“我可以吗？”用来征求对方是否允许自己做某事。如在句末加上please一词就显得更有礼貌了。例如： Can you help me, please? 请你帮助我好吗？,拓展,have to与一般情态动词的异同,相同点： 一般的情态动词不能单独作谓语，后面必须接动词原形一起构成谓语，have to 也是这样。,拓展,have to与一般情态动词的异同,不同点： 1、一般的情态动词没有人称和数的变化，而 且所用的时态也受到
5、一定的限制，而have to 有人称和数的变化。可用于多种时态中：一般现在时中当主语是第三人称单数时要用has to，其余的人称用have to。如： She has to go to school by bus. 她不得不乘公汽上学。,拓展,2、否定句和疑问句的构成方式不同： 一般的情态动词直接在后面加not构成否定句， 把这些情态动词提到句首就构成一般疑问句。 而have to 的否定句和疑问句的构成往往要借助 于助动词do： dont have to, doesnt have to,（先借后否） 疑问句是在句首加助动词do的相应形式,句中还原成have to。(先借后提) What do
6、es she have to do? 她必须做什么？ You didnt have to wait for me yesterday. 昨天你没有必要等我。,have to与一般情态动词的异同,5. have to与must 1) have to意为“必须做某事”强调“客观需要” They have to wear school uniforms every day.他们每天必须穿校服。 2) must 意为“必须”强调主观上的愿望 Its late. I must go home now.天晚了。现在我必须要回家。,练一练：用have to, must 填空1. Its cold outsi
7、de. We _ stay at home.2. We _ be good with our parents.,have to,must,1. My mother usually get _ school at 7:40 in the morning.2. When do you usually arrive _ the bus station?3. Jennys uncle usually arrives _ Shanghai in the evening.,选词填空: in, at, to,to,in,at,Practice,1) listen 听；用来提醒某人注意，后面不跟事物。List
8、en! Whos singing in the classroom?听！谁在教室里唱歌？2) 如果后面跟要听的事物，应跟介词to再跟事物。 Listen to our teacher carefully.认真听老师讲。,2. listen 的用法；,3. fight 打架，争吵,1) 作动词：fight with sb.和某人打架。 Dont fight with him.不要和他打架。2) 作名词：have a fight“打架；吵架” Dont have a fight.不许打架。,4. wear 意为“穿、戴”表状态My aunt wears a blue skirt and a whi
9、te T-shirt.我姑姑穿着蓝色的裙子，白色的T恤。put on穿上，表动作please put on your clothes.请穿上你的衣服。,不要在上课时听音乐。 _2. 我们必须准时。 _3. 我们能把音乐播放器带到学校里来吗？ _在图书馆里我们必须保持安静。 _不要在楼道里跑 。 _,Dont listen to music in class.,We must be on time.,将下列句子译成英语。,Exercises,Can we bring the music player to school?,We must keep quiet in the library.,Do
10、nt run in the hallways.,1. Sit down.2. Come in.3. Eat at home.4. Listen to music outside. 5. Do your homework at school.,Dont sit down.,Dont come in.,Dont eat at home.,把下列祈使句改成否定句,Dont listen to music outside.,Dont do your homework at school.,Practice,1.Mr Green smoke here, because theres a sign on
11、the wall. It says “No smoking.”2.Its very hot outside. You wear a hat.3.We eat in the classroom, because its impolite to teachers.4.I go to bed after 11:00 on school night.5.The students read books and magazines in the library.,cant,can,can,can,cant,根据句意，用can, cant, has to, have to填空。,Practice,6.We_
12、 clean our classroom after school.7. She_ make her bed after getting up. 8. Its late. Mr. Beckman_ go to work by car.9. Emily and Peter join a music club. They _ practice guitar every day.,have to,have to,has to,has to,用have to或has to填空。,1. He has to eat breakfast quickly. (改为一般疑问句) _2. Play volleyb
13、all after class. (改为否定句) _,句型转换,Does he have to eat breakfast quickly?,Dont play volleyball after class.,3. We can wear sports shoes in class. (改为一般疑问) _4. Dont arrive late for class. (改为同义句) _5. Eric has to do his homework before six. (对划线部分提问) _,Can we wear sports shoes in class?,We must be on tim
14、e for class.,What does Eric have to do before six?,Lets look at the rules of the Jones family.,Dont talk loudly.,Dont watch TV late at night.,Dont eat in bed.,Clean the bedroom on Saturdays.,Dont get up late on Sundays.,Dont sing loudly at night.,Dont go out on school nights.,Do your homework after
15、school.,Practice the guitar every day.,Dont watch TV after school.,Stop!Listen to me! Come here. Go there. Stand up! Come in! Go out! Stop smoking!Look at the blackboard!Do your homework!,停!听我讲!来这儿。去那儿。起立!进来!出去!不要吸烟!看黑板!做作业!,Imperative sentences,Love me, love my dog. Come on! Give me a call! Open th
16、e door. Excuse me！ Have a try！ Help yourself！ Lets go！ Let me see！ Be quiet！,爱屋及乌。加油!给我打个电话!开门。请原谅!试一试!随便吃!我们走吧!让我想想!请安静!,6. before 在之前; after 在之后；它们的后面可以跟表示时间的点，也可以跟一个从句表示时间。e.g. Wash your hands before dinner. 饭前洗手。 Do your homework after school. 放学后做作业。,Language points,7. be strict (with sb.) (对某人)严格的e.g. Our math teacher is very strict.我们的数学老师很严格。Are your parents strict with you?你的父母对你严格吗？,
