1、1英语 1(基础模块)第 2 版 知识点及练习Unit One Nice to meet you ! 一、词汇(一) , firstnum.第一 (基数词 one 的序数词) ; n.第一,最初; 头等;adv.最初; 首先; at first adj.第一流的; 最初的,最早的; 基本的; (二) , last n.末尾; 最后; 上个; vt. 经受住; 够用; 足够维持; vi.持续; adj.最近的; 最后的; 最不可能的; 惟一剩下的; adv.上一次,最近一次 ; 最后; at last (三) , Mr. 先生,与 Sir 先生; Mrs. misiz 女士 (已婚)Miss 小
2、姐 (未婚) Ms. miz 女士 (婚姻状况不明 )Madam 夫人,太太,小姐1. Mr. 意为“先生“,Mr. 是 Mister (先生)或 Master (主人)的缩写。一般用于男子姓氏或职务前;不管年龄大小;辈分长幼;职务高低;结婚与否,男子都可称为 Mr.;后面跟姓。如果一个男子的职务是校长,就可以称他为Mr. Headmaster (校长先生 );Sir :对不相识的男子或上级;长辈或从事某种职务的男子表示尊称时,英;美人通常用 sir,意为“ 先生;阁下;长官 “,后面不跟姓氏;如 :May I go now,sir?(先生,我可以走了吗?) Yes,sir.(可以,先生; )
3、 sir 还广泛用于各类信件中,如:Dear sir, Dear sirs; 2. Mrs.意为“夫人,太太“,是 Mistress 的缩写。常用于已婚妇女的丈夫的姓氏前;如果一个名叫 Mary Jones 的女子嫁给了一个名叫 Jack White 的男子,就称她为 Mrs. White,但不能称 Mrs. Jones; Mrs. Smith lives in Paris. 史密斯太太住在巴黎。3. Miss 意为“ 小姐“,复数形式为 Misses,用于对未婚女子的称呼;如果一个未婚女子名叫 Rose Jones,可以称她为 Miss Jones。Miss 还可以单独用于对一般年轻女性的尊
4、称,包括学生对女教师的称呼;如:Good morning,Miss!(老师,早上好!)Just a moment,Miss.(请稍等,小姐;) 4. 如果对一个女子的婚姻状况不明,即不知其是否结婚时,可以用 Ms(女士);如:Im not Mr. King,Im Ms King.(我不是金先生,我是金女士;) 5. madam (对妇女的恭敬称呼 )夫人,太太,小姐 (单独使用 ,后面不跟姓)Can I help you, madam? 夫人,我能为您效劳吗? (四) good well fine nice 区别 特例good (better best) 好的(形容词)令人愉快的精通的/有益的
5、a good job / bookhave a good timebe good at /forwell (better best) 好(副词)身体好的(形容词)Well done! sing wellfeel wellfine (finer finest) 晴朗的健康的a fine dayIm fine, thank you.nice (nicer nicest) 宜人的 a nice day2好心的高兴的a nice manNice to meet you. a. Did you all have a _ time during the summer holidays?b. Vegetab
6、les and fruits are both _ for our health.c. -Whats wrong with you, little boy? - Well, I dont feel _.d. Its a great idea to go for a picnic on such a _ day.e. What a _ neighbour . Mrs. Jones is!f. The American scientist speaks _ Chinese.The American scientist speaks Chinese _.二、短语first/ given name 名
7、 last/ family name 姓 come from = be from 来自 name card 名片 telephone number 电话号码 email address 邮件地址long time no see ! 好久不见! I see . 我明白了。more than 超过 one of the +最高级+名词复数: 最之一 , as a result 结果 half a million 50 万 三、句型(一) , 常见打招呼用语1. 朋友间经常使用到的(带有寒暄的成分) Hi ! 嗨! Hello ! 哈罗! Good morning ! 早上好!Hows everyt
8、hing?一切都好吗? Whats up?你近况如何(最近怎么样)?Whats new?有什么新鲜事? 2任何时候都可以用,但比较见外 , How are you?你好吗?3适用于第一次见面 Nice to meet you. 很高兴见到你。 How do you do. 你好!(现在已较少使用)4适用于有一阵子没见面的朋友 How have you been?你过得怎么样?/最近还好吗?5适用于很久没见的朋友 Long time no see! 好久不见!6. 用 How 引导的打招呼方式How are you today? 今天好吗? How is everything? 一切都好吗? H
9、ow is it going? 你近况如何? How is everything going? 你一切都好吗? How are things going? 一切都好吧? How is the world around you? 你周围的世界怎样? How is life treating you? 你生活过得怎样? How are you getting along? 最近怎样?(包括工作,健康等等) What is happening? 在忙些什么? Whats new / up? 有什么新鲜事吗? 根据这个句型,对于不同的问候对象,你可以替换主语 How is your family? 你
10、家里怎样? How is your cousin? 你表兄(妹)还好吗?How is your grandson? 你孙子还好吗? How is Lao Li? 老李还好吗? 7. 你要是碰上了一个你意想不到的人,你还可以这样说: 3Its a small world, isnt it? 这世界真小,不是吗?(真巧啊!)(在意想不到的地方或场合遇见熟人时使用) 也可以说: What a small world! 多么小的世界!(真巧啊!) 当然,这不仅是一种喜悦的表达方式,遇见债主和仇人时,也可以用这句话,意思当然就是“ 冤家路窄”。(二)问姓名 Whats your name?= May I
11、 have your name , please? A: Whats your name? B: Im Jack Brown. A: Whats your first name and last name?B: My first name is Jack and my last name is Brown.(三)be from = come from 来自 A: Where are you from? = Where do you come from?B: Im from the UK. = I come from the UK.(四)Here is my name card. 给你我的名片。
12、Here you are ! 给你。Here is the bus.车来了。 四、语法( 一 ) 联系动词 be : 是。 具体使用时分为 am , is, are . 用法:1, I (我) 后面总跟 am , 例句: I am fifteen years old.2, you (你,你们) 后面总跟 are , 例句:You are a student.3, 其余单数主语后面跟 is , 复数主语后面跟 are 例句: He is from England. We are Chinese.练习: 用 am, is, are 填空1) It_ a car. 2) They _ cars 3)
13、 _ your mother in the room? 4) _your friends in the room?5) What _ your name? 6) These _ buses.7) Those _oranges. 8) Where _ your mother?9) How old _ your sister? 10) _ Kitty.11). She _ a student. 12). Jane and Tom _my friends.13). My sisters _ tall.(二)人称代词数 人称代词 主格 宾格第一人称 我 I me第二人称 你 you you他 he h
14、im她 she her单数第三人称它 it it第一人称 我们 we us第二人称 你们 you you复数第三人称 他们 they them4人称代词主格:作主语,表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。一般在句首。We are from England. . He is a teacher. 人称代词宾格:作宾语,表示动作的对象、承受者。一般跟在动词或介词后面。I can help him. Give it to me . 1、I 和 me.我来自广安。 _ am from Guangan.同学们对我很友好。 My classmates are friendly to _.2、We 和 us.我们来自英
15、国。 _ come from England.你们能帮助我们一下吗? Can you help _?3、you 人称代词最容易记住的。 (你能翻译下列句子吗?试一试!)你是一名学生。_ 我喜欢你。_你们是学生。 _ 我爱你们。_4、你能推出 she 和 her 的位置吗?她是一名护士。 _ is a nurse.请把这本书给她。 Please give the book to _.5、He 和 him他是我的朋友。 _ is my friend. 我想和他一起玩。 I want to play with _.6、it 的用法。-Where is my car? -_ is over there
16、.指天气 It is raining outside. _ is cold in Harbin.指时间 -What time is it ? -_ is six oclock.7、they 和 them. _ are watching TV.There are some bananas, I like _ very much.一、用人称代词主格代替下列各词或划线部分:1. Mrs. Li 2. her uncle 3. Miss Liu 4. my family 5. my cousin and I 6. our pencils 7. my friends 8. his grandmother
17、 9. your T-shirt 10. Bob 11.their pears 12. the park 13. Jenny 14. the animals 15. my mother and father 516. The car is red. 17. These books are on the desk. 18. My mother and I are at home. 19. Mr. Smith is a kind man. 20. Her aunt is a model.(模特) 二、用所给词义的适当形式填空:1、 is a teacher. (她) 2、 is a good bo
18、y. (他)3、 is in the classroom (它) 4、 are very smart today. (你)5、 (你们) are students. 6, is my brother. (他)7、 cant find my ruler (我). Where is (它)?8、 am a student. (我) _like English very much. (我们)9、I like her pencil case. is nice! (它)10、_ are playing ping-pong in the park. (他们)三用括号中人称代词的适当形式填空1.Her si
19、ster is helping _(we).2.John and I are in the same school. (we)go to school together.3.Everyone likes_ _(she), do (you)?4.Danny gives the book to _ _ . (you)5._(I) have many friends. Some of (they)are good at English.6.Jim is English. _(I) like playing with _(he)7.I love _(they ) very much.8.Miss Li often looks after_(she)9.They are waiting for_(they).10.Do you like Li Ming? No, _(I) dont like _ _.(he)