1、2015 年 12 月六级翻译练习及解析 45 篇资料来源：http:/ 低碳生活 网络游戏 西部支敎偶像崇拜 汉语 老龄化 廉价零售交通拥堵 普通话 塑料旧法新用 鼓励举报抗战胜利 老龄化社会 医患关系 形体政治学房子 选秀节目 医患交流 文化留学热 泰山 宴席 春节广场舞 赵州桥 中国玉 度量衡餐饮文化 中国瓷 文房四宝 乡愁（同思乡情）助人为乐 尊老爱幼 遥想长安 古代神话打车难 诚实守信 年夜饭 故宫方言 红楼梦 市场经济 占座选秀（同选修节目）1.思乡情：请将下面这段话翻译成英文：思乡(homesi ckness)是中国人的一 个永恒的话题。从古至今，无论男女，家是他们永久的港湾，思
2、乡是他们不老的情结(complex)。正是这样的情结成为中国历代文人重要的创作题材，并以各种方式，从各种角度加以体现。是故乡，唤起了他们心灵深处最美好的回忆，在对故乡的思念中，他们又仿佛回到了那单纯无邪的童年时代，回到了母亲的怀抱，身心的创伤得到了暂时的平复，精神的空虚得到了刹那的充实，故乡成了他们终极的归宿地(ultimate destination)。翻译及详解Homesickness is an eternal topic for Chinese people.Since ancient times, home has been a permanent harbor for both m
3、en and women, and homesickness is their ever-young complex.It is such kind of complex that becomes the important theme of Chinese literati in all dynasties; they expressed this theme in various ways and form various angles.It is home that arouses the best memories in their hearts.Thanks to those mem
4、ories, they feel like going back to the pure and innocent childhood and returning to mothers arms.The wounds in body and mind will get healed temporarily and spiritual emptiness will be enriched for a while.Home has become their ultimate destination.翻译讲解1.思乡：可译为 homesickness，其形容词形式为 homesick。2.不老的情结
5、:可译为 ever-young complex，其中“不老的”译为 ever-young，意为 “永远年轻的”。3.以各种方式，从各种角度加以体现：译文以人作主语，把句式从被动变为主动，并用分号将两个分句连在一起。文中翻译为 the they expressed this theme in various ways and from various angles。4.是故乡，唤起了: 此处可用 It is.that.的强调句形式。“唤起”译为arouse 或 bring out。5.回到了回到了: 可分别译为 go back to 和 return to，以避免重复，从而体现用词的多样性。6.
6、身心的创伤得到了暂时的平复:可译为 The wounds in body and mind will get healed temporarily。其中“身心的创伤”译为 the wounds in body and mind, “得到平复 ”译为 get healed。2.低碳生活汉译英试题训练低碳生活(low-carbon life)对于我们普通人来说是一种 态度，我们应该积极提倡并去实践，从自己做起，从节约水电这些点滴做起。除了植树，有的人买运输里程很短的商品，还有人坚持爬楼梯，形形色色，非常有趣。“低碳生活”的理念逐渐被世界各国所接受。低碳生活的出现不仅告诉人们可以为减碳做些什么，还告
7、诉人们可以怎么做。在这种生活方式逐渐兴起的时候，大家开始关心自己每天是否为减碳做了什么。翻译及详解Low-carbon life is an attitude for ordinary people,and we should actively advocate and practice low-carbon life by doing it from ourselves and by starting bit by bit from saving water and electricity.Besides planting trees,some people purchase goods w
8、ithin a short delivery distance and others stick to climbing stairs.People do various things to live a low-carbon life,which is really interesting.“Low-carbon life“ concept has gradually been accepted worldwide.The emergence of low-carbon lifestyle not only introduces to people what they can do for
9、carbon reduction,but also tells them how they can do it.As this lifestyle gradually becomes popular,people begin to ask themselves whether they have contributed something to carbon reduction every day.翻译讲解1.从自己做起，从节约水电这些点滴做起：承接前一句翻译为 by doing it from ourselves and by starting bit by bit from saving
10、water and electricity，使得句子结构更紧凑，表意更清晰。2.坚持：文中译为 stick to，也可译为 insist on 或 persist in，后面接名词或者动名词。3.低碳生活的出现：可译为 the emergence of low-carbon lifestyle.其中emergence 意为“出现” 。4.减碳：可译为 carbon reduction.reduction 意为 “减少，下降”。3.网络游戏请将下面这段话翻译成英文：随着电脑和互联网的普及，人们能玩的游戏很多。年轻人尤其喜欢网络游戏。然而，这一现象给许多家长和老师带来了很多的困扰，很多学生沉迷于游
11、戏，导致健康状况和学习成绩的下降。相反地，有些人指出玩网络游戏可以帮助玩家练习他们的反应能力，这对形成敏捷的反应和思维很有帮助。而且，在玩电脑游戏的时候玩家可以暂时释放在工作和学习上的巨大压力。只要我们不沉迷于网络游戏，就能尽情享受它给我们带来的快乐。翻译及详解With the popularity of computers and the Internet,there is a wide range of games that people can choose from.Young people like online games most.However,this phenomenon
12、troubles many parents and teachers.Many students are addicted to games,leading to a decline in their health condition and academic performance.On the contrary,some say that playing online games can train the players,reaction ability,which is of great help in forming quick reaction and fast thinking.
13、Moreover,when playing computer games,players can temporarily release great pressure from their work and study.As long as we are not addicted to online games,we can enjoy the joy it brings us heartily.翻译讲解1.随着电脑和互联网的普及：可译为 With the popularity of computers and the Internet.Popularity 意为“普及，流行”。2.带来了很多
14、的困扰：可以使用动词troubl e 来翻译，意为“使烦恼，使苦恼”。作名词时意为“困难，麻烦”。3.沉迷于：可译为固定短语 be addicted to.addict意为“使沉溺，使上瘾”。4.导致健康状况和学习成绩的下降：可译为 leading to a decline in their health condition and academic performance.其中 lead to 意为“导致”，decline 意为 “下降”。5.有些人指出：可译为 some say，还可译为 some point out.6.释放压力：可译为 release the pressure 或 ea
15、se the pressure.7.只要：可译为固定短语 as long as 或 so long as.4.西部支教请将下面这段话翻译成英文：西部支教(volunteering to teach in the west)对于促进当地教育和经济发展有着重要意义。大学生到西部支教，对农村的孩子不仅仅进行书本知识的教学，更重要的是通过组织安排一些活动，寓教于乐，希望对他们未来的学习和生活有所启发和引导，并激发他们学习的动力和对外面发达城市的向往，促使他们进步。此外，大学生也会把新的观念和思想带到农村去。去西部支教还能培养当代大学生的社会责任感和社会公益心，在一定程度上，也缓解了西部地区教师短缺的压
16、力。参考翻译Volunteering to teach in the west is significant for the improvement of local education and the economic development.The college students who volunteer to teach in the west not only impart academic knowledge to children in rural areas,but more importantly,through a number of activities to comb
17、ine teaching and entertainment,they hope to provide inspiration and guidance for the children about their future study and life.They also want to motivate the children in rural areas to study,evoke their desire for going to developed cities outside and help them make progress.In addition,the college
18、 students will bring new ideas and thoughts to the countryside.Volunteering to teach in the west can also help college students develop a sense of social responsibility and contributing to public benefit.To a certain extent,it also eases the shortage of teachers in the western regions.翻译讲解1.大学生：可译为
19、college students，也可译为 undergraduates.2.通过组织安排一些活动，寓教于乐：合并译为 through a number of activities to combine teaching and entertainment.3.激发他们对的向往：可译为 evoke their desire for4.社会公益心：可译为 a sense of social welfare.5.在一定程度上：可译为 to a certain extent或 up to a point.5.偶像崇拜请将下面这段话翻译成英文：偶像崇拜(idol worship)问题，是人们成长过程中
20、的热门话 题。处于人生蜕变期的青少年，身心急速发展往往会造成适应上的困难和情绪上的失衡，此时若能有良好的楷模作为效仿的对象，再加上家长的正确引导，有助于青少年的成长与发展。人生是一个不断模仿、学习与创新的历程。孩子在成长的过程中，需要家长的引导与友伴的激励。偶像崇拜的正确引导，有助于良好行为的塑造，了解它、接受它并应用它，才是积极之道。翻译Idol worship is a hot topic during the growth of a person.In the changing period of juveniles life,rapid development of body and
21、psychology often leads to difficulty in adaption and imbalance in emotion.In this period,a good example to follow and parentsproper guidance are helpful for juvenilesgrowth and development.Life is a process of constant imitation,learning and innovation.During the process of growth,juveniles need par
22、entsguidance and friendsencouragement.Guided properly,idol worship is helpful in shaping good behaviors.For idol worship,knowing it,accepting it and applying it is a positive way.翻译讲解1.热门话题：可译为 hot topic，也可译为 hot issue.2.青少年：可译为 juveniles.也常用 teenagers，指 13 岁到 19 岁的年轻人。3.适应上的困难和情绪上的失衡：可译 difficulty
23、in adaption and imbalance in emotion.4.在成长的过程中：可译为 During the process of growth.5.正确引导：可译为(be) guided properly，即“ 恰当地引导”。6.汉语从某种意义上说，汉语是一种很古老的语言，其最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史了。汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化成许多不同的书写形式，例如篆书、隶书、楷书和行书。中国书法家往往使汉字的字形夸张以取得艺术效果，例如旅游胜地的一些石刻碑文。中国书法是一门研究艺术，随着各位学习兴趣的提高，我们将适时介绍中国书法的流派，以及如何欣赏中国书法的艺术性。【翻译词汇】从某种
24、意义上说 in a sense汉字 Chinese character演化 evolve书写形式 form篆书 Seal隶书 Clerical楷书 Regular行书 Running书法家 calligrapher致使 render取得 yield旅游胜地 tourist resort石刻碑文 stone inion适时 in due time欣赏 appreciate【精彩译文】In a sense, Chinese is a very old language, and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years
25、 ago. During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different forms, such as the Seal , Clerical , Regular and Running . Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in sto
26、ne inions seen in tourist resorts. Chinese calligraphy is a subject of artistic study. As your interest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come, we will introduce in due time the different schools of Chinese calligraphy, and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligra
27、phy.7.老龄化如今，中国正步入老龄化社会，因此独生子女一代面临着巨大的工作和生活压力。中国政府开始适当调整计划生育政策，允许一些家庭在特殊情况下生育二胎。但调查显示，很多夫妻迫于不断加重的经济压力，放弃生育二胎。因此，要从根本上解决老龄化的问题不能依靠出生率的上升，最有效的办法是建立有效的社会保障制度。【翻译词汇】步入 step into老龄化社会 aging society独生子女一代 the only-child generation巨大的 enormous调整 adjust计划生育政策 the family planning policy在特殊情况下 under certain ci
28、rcumstances由于，迫于 due to放弃 abandon依靠 rely on出生率 birth rate有效的 effective社会保障制度 social security system【精彩译文】Nowadays, China is stepping into the aging society. Therefore, the only-child generation is facing enormous pressure both from work and life. The Chinese government has begun to adjust the family
29、planning policy and allows some families to have a second child under certain circumstances. However, the survey shows thatsome couples abandon to have a second child due to the increasing financial burden. Thus, in order to solve the aging problem, the basic thing is not relying on the increase of
30、birth rate. The best solution is to establish an effective social security system.8.廉价零售【为何廉价零售如此蓬勃】Business 商业报道Mercadona 梅尔卡多纳Spanish aisles 西班牙走廊【译文】Why a low-price retailer is thriving为何廉价零售如此蓬勃FEW domestic firms are prospering in crisis-racked Spain, but Mercadona is.Spains largest supermarket
31、by sales has enjoyed double-digit growth for most of the pastdecade.在经历经济危机的创伤之后，西班牙很少有几家国内企业能够恢复兴旺发展，然而梅尔卡多纳除外。过去十年中，西班牙最大的销售型超市在大部分时间呈两位数增长。When Juan Roig, the chairman, took over in 1981, Mercadona had only eight shops, all in Valencia.Today it has 1,310 and annual sales of 16.5 billion $23.8 bil
32、lion.1981 年，胡安.罗伊上任主席，任职之初，梅尔卡多纳仅有 8 间店铺，并且全部都在巴伦西亚。而今，它有 1310家连锁店，年销售额达到165 亿欧元合 238 亿美金。Spains economic troubles seem to have made it stronger.Profits dipped in 2009, but surged again by 47% in 2010 after some forceful cost-cutting.Mercadonas strength is low prices.The family-owned chain does not
33、fritter away cash on advertising.It mercilessly squeezes the suppliers of its own-brand products.These suppliers, of which there are about 100, put up with Mercadonas squeezing because they have a long-term relationship with the company and have grown with it.西班牙的经济问题似乎反而让它变的更为强大。2009 年，经济效益下滑，但是在 2
34、010 年完成了一 些强有力的成本削减后，又激增了 47%。梅尔卡多纳的优势在低价。家族式连锁不会在广告费用上造成任何浪费。它不遗余力地要求供应商做自己的品牌的产品。而将近 100家的供应商为了与这家公司长期合作，也为了得到长远的发展，不得不接受受梅尔卡多纳的要求。Tight relationships with its suppliers foster innovation.Since 2009 Mercadona has shaved 2.2 billion of costs from its products, often with simple adjustments such as
35、reducing packaging.自 2009 年以来，梅尔卡多纳利用自有品牌削减了 22 亿欧元的成本，并且不时地做些简单的调整，如减少包装成本等措施。与供应商的无间合作促使革新。For example, sticking a plastic lid on a large tin of tuna made it easier to open and increased its sales by 60% in 2010.Even so, Mercadona does not skimp on technology or logistics.It was the first retailer
36、 in Spain to use bar-code scanners.And it owns a fully automated logistics warehouse just outside Madrid.Robot arms stack goods in crates like a game of Tetris.比如说，2010 年的时候，在一大罐金枪 鱼罐头上使用塑料盖子可以使之更容易开启，从而让这个产品的销售量增加了 60%。即便如此，梅尔卡多纳在技术或者后勤方面绝不偷工减料。它是西班牙第一家使用条形码扫描器的零售店。并且就在马德里附近，它有一个全自动化管理的后勤仓库。机械臂把货物像
37、叠俄罗斯方块一样垒起来。Mercadona is unique in several ways, says Zeynep Ton of Harvard University, who wrote a case study on the chain.Its 63,500 employees are on permanent contracts with bonuses, work regular hours and receive 20 times more training than the staff of an average American retailer.This makes th
38、em more productive: sales per Mercadona employee were 18% higher in 2008 than at other Spanish supermarkets. Staff turnover is only 4%.Employees constantly gather feedback from shoppers, whom they refer to, accuratelyenough, as bosses.梅尔卡多纳在很多方面都是独一无二的，哈佛大学的泽伊内普.托恩说道，他写了一个关于连锁的个案研究。它有 63,500 名员工都是终身
39、签约包括奖金，按规律时间上班并接受培训，而培训次数可比一般的美国零售商的员工接受的培训要多 20 次。这使得他们生产效率更高：2008 年，平均每个梅尔卡多纳员工的销售额比西班牙其他超市的销售额高出 18%。而员工流动率一年仅有4%。员工们经常会收集购物者的反馈，而他们，准确的说，是指老板们。Shops are designed to make shopping quick and easy.The selection is smaller than in other supermarkets, especially after Mercadona took theunpopular deci
40、sion of eliminating 1,000 products from the shelves in 2009.Own-label items such as Deliplus a line of cosmetics account for 38 % of sales.商店就被设计成让人们更快更便捷地购物。梅尔卡多纳的选择区比其他超市的要小，特别是 2009 年以后，因为梅尔卡多纳把 1000种不受欢迎的产品下架了。像 Deliplus 化妆品 牌系列这样的自定商标货物占销售额的 38%。Mercadona products were ranked number one, in ter
41、ms of value for money, in a recent survey of 5,200 households by TNS, a market researcher.There is still plenty of room to grow at home.特恩斯的一名市场调查员对5200 户家庭进行调查，在最近的一次调查中，梅尔卡多纳的产品根据经济价值位列第一。但是这个超市依然有很多发展空间。Mercadona accounts for 13.1 % of the floor space in Spanish supermarkets, which makes it the t
42、hird-largest chain in the country, after Frances Carrefour and the co-operative Eroski.It aims to enter the Italian or French market next year, probably through a small acquisition.梅尔卡多纳占西班牙超市面积达 13.1%，它达到了全国大型连锁的第三名，仅次于法国家乐福和联合以罗斯基。明年，梅尔卡多纳计划进驻意大利或者法国市场，很可能通过小型收购这个渠道。Mr Roig doubts that the Mercado
43、na model can simply be copied abroad. We must learn everything from everyone, he says.Unlike most Spanish bosses, Mr Roig doesnt mince his words.Earlier this year he said the only good thing about 2011 for Spain was that it would be better than 2012.It will be worse if the Spanish people do not take
44、 up the challenge of transforming Spain, he says, by which he means bringing its colossal welfare state under control.Mr Roig believes that Spain has great human capital.罗伊先生对梅尔卡多纳经营模式在国外市场的简单套用表示不确定。我们必须从每个人身上学习所有的东西，他这样说道。与西班牙大多数的老板不同，罗伊先生不会装腔作势。今年年初，他谈及有关 2011 年对西班牙有好处的唯一一点是，会比 2012更好。如果西班牙人 民不去挑
45、战改变西班牙，那么情况会变的更糟，他说道，而他的意思是把它的臃肿的福利体系带入正轨。罗伊先生相信西班牙有极好的人力资源。That is true, but Spains youth unemployment rate-a staggering 45%-suggests that much of this talent is being squandered.The protesters in the plazas complain that Spains politicians have lost touch with how ordinary people live.That is not
46、a mistake a supermarket can afford to make.确实如此，但是西班牙的青年不在业率达令人惊讶的45%，这表明大部分的资源都被浪费了。广场抗议的人群控诉说，西班牙政府和普通人的生活有所隔膜。而这个失误则不是超市可以解决的。9.交通拥堵请将下面这段话翻译成英文：交通拥堵是世界各国普遍面临的问题。近年来，我国城市化水平空前加快，大中城市交通拥堵问题尤其突出，交通阻塞已由局部向大范围蔓延。这不仅影响了城市生活的效率和质量，而且带来了环境污染、能源紧张等一系列经济社会问题，严重制约了城市的发展。要想解决这一问题，良好的公共交通是必不可少的。实行低票价政策，是实现公交
47、优先的基本保证。从长远来看，则要大力发展轨道交通(rail transportation)，降低路面拥堵。参考翻译Traffic jam has been a problem shared by all countries around the world.In recent years,the urbanization of China reaches an unprecedented level,which leads to especially prominent traffic jam in large and medium-sized cities.The problem of tr
48、affic jam has extended from part to a wide range.Traffic jam not only affects the efficiency and quality of uiban life,but also causes a series of economic and social problems like environmental pollution and energy deficiency,which greatly restricts the development of cities.To solve the problem,we
49、ll-organized public transportation is indispensable.Low ticket price is the basic guarantee of priority of public transportation.In the long term,we must vigorously develop rail transportation to lessen traffic jam.翻译讲解1.世界各国普遍面临的问题：译为 a problem shared by all countries around the world.“普遍面临的”在此处译为 shared by，即“为所共有的”，也可以用 commonly faced by 表达。2.尤其突出：可译为 especially prominent 或 particularly prominent.其中 prominent 意为“突出的，显著的”。3.由局部向大范围蔓延：可译为 has extended from part to a wide range.4必不可少：可译为 indispensable 或 necessary，意为“必要的，必然的”。5.公交优先：可译
