1、解密摄影用光（Decrypt photography light）Reveal the mysteries of photographic lightHttp:/ CBSi China hummingbird nets reprinted author: tricolor net, 2011, 04, 13, 07:07 published a comment, the mystery of lightPhotography is a study of the art of light, so the 4 different directions of light in photography
2、 are important.The light contains all the colors that pass through any transparent object, and when the light is lacking, shadows are created. We do not necessarily go into the mysteries of light, as long as we make good use of it.Light is a form of energy that exists in the universe in the form of
3、electromagnetic waves and is one of many sources of energy. The energy of light travels in waves, and the distance between the two peaks of the wave is called the wavelength, and the length of the wavelength determines the particular form of energy that exists in nature. As shown in the figure below
4、, the light that man can see is only a short band in the picture. We call this kind of light “visible light“. Besides, there are lights that cannot be seen by human beings. We can only feel them in other ways.As light waves scatter, the light becomes thinner and the range of illumination becomes lar
5、ger and larger, and the energy contained in the light wave becomes weaker and weaker. This principle is very important for photography. For example, using a flash camera to shoot an object far away from the camera 1m, its brightness will be 4 times higher than the brightness of the object far away f
6、rom the camera 2m, which is the actual application of photography to the above principle.1, the basic characteristics of lightThe light in the different periods of the form is not the same, at noon the sun scorching light, velvety light cloudy weather, through the leaves gap flashing gorgeous dazzli
7、ng sunlight, part of which was partially obscured by clouds of the sun, gloomy light rain, moonlight and dramatic weird, but all the light, either natural light or artificial light, has the following 3 characteristics.Shading: the intensity of the light varies with the energy and distance of the lig
8、ht source.Direction: there is only one light source, the direction is easy to determine. With multiple light sources, such as cloudy weather, the direction of the light is difficult to determine, or even completely lost.Color: the light of different nature, with the material that it crosses is diffe
9、rent, change a variety of colors. Colors vary from natural light to incandescent light or electronic flash, and the color of the sun itself varies with atmospheric conditions and the time period of the day.2, the 4 different directions of lightDepending on the location of the camera, the subject, an
10、d the light source, the object can be captured from any side. When the main light source is high (such as bright sunlight), from the camera perspective projection will have different effects in different parts of the object, can be divided into 5 basic types: positive light, top light, side light an
11、d backlighting.Top: the light is not conducive to the shooting, especially the portrait, easy to produce more ugly light, for the daily shooting, in contrast, three-dimensional sense is not strong, is not the most ideal shooting light, so usually the photographer does not choose at noon for natural
12、light shooting. But if used properly or you can shoot it better pictures, such as herb rydz shot Madonna a black and white photo shoot up at noon.Front light: the camera is in the same direction as the light source, facing the subject, so that it faces the lens surface to get enough light to make th
13、e object clearer. According to the angle of the light, the light can be divided into two kinds: the positive light and the side light.The positive light is directed directly to the subjects light. The images taken with this light reduce the contrast of the subject, and lack the sense of stereo as th
14、e plane. In such a light shooting, the effect is often not ideal, the subject will lose the original level of light and shade. Most photos of airborne flash lights are the light.The side fairing is the light that shoots from the left or right side of the camera to the subject. In shooting, the side
15、fairing is ideal for using Dan Guangyuan photography. In most cases, illumination is carried out with 25 DEG 45 DEG side light, that is, the connection between the camera and the subject, and the angle formed between the light source and the subject, with an angle of 25 degrees 45 degrees. At this t
16、ime, the part of the subject facing the camera is exposed to light and a partial projection appears. In this way, the facial expression and skin texture of the characters can be better displayed, and the brightness of the subject can be ensured, and the brightness and contrast of the subject can be
17、appropriately made, and the stereoscopic feeling is achieved.Side light: the light source of the side light is the side of the straight line formed by the camera and the subject, and is irradiated from the side to the light on the subject. At this time, the main half of the subject is illuminated by
18、 the light, the shadow is slender and the projection is obvious,A strong sense of three-dimensional, magnificent buildings are expressive. But because of the strong contrast, it is not suitable to show the delicate texture of the subject. In many cases, however, this metering can well represent the
19、texture of a rough surface.The backlight: the sun is on the lens light incident, the comparison test of lens anti blooming ability, also experience photometric test the photographers judgment, good use can shoot better photos.Two. Illustrate the effects of various light sources1, direct lightIn dire
20、ct light shooting, the resulting image contrast is large, bright colors, alternating light and shade obvious. Light, shadow, midtone clear demarcation, photographers tend to love this kind of light.Due to the unique characteristics of direct light, easy to produce high light and projection, this is
21、also a trick by the photographer love, many photographers love to use the projection picture layout, also using a projection block interference picture element.When the backlight, the scenery will be a large area of shooting in the dark, if the use of both exposure, despite being photographed and be
22、hind the light than the strong contrast, you can still capture the image details. If shooting figures or fluffy objects, it is easy to outline the outline of light.In fact, travel is often difficult for this kind of difficult light, and all camera metering system seems to this kind of light is diffi
23、cult to give direct numerical value. Here, in addition to telling you the effect of light, you should tell you how to deal with this kind of light.If youre in a bad situation, theres nothing you can do to attract visual elements. Here are 3 things you can do:? accurate exposure, usually using the ce
24、ntral focus side light or average side light, manual 12 exposure reduction, the author generally use manual gear, so that you can respond faster.Composition avoid large areas of the sky.? control the lens, adjust the direction, use the lens shade as much as possible to avoid unnecessary glare.Of cou
25、rse, sometimes a little better, for example, can find the wonderful projection in composition, then your luck, make good use of these projections, certainly can shoot better, grasp the lines of the composition is the primary principle.And sometimes the same light, but because the shooting scene is d
26、ifferent, more likely to need the light, as shown in the light leaves more transparent. It is essential to have good metering and use spot metering as much as possible. The conveniences of the digital age are also obvious. You can try to take a few shots first, then make an exposure compensation.A b
27、acklight is direct light, mainly for the light ratio varies greatly, exposure is often not easy to control, but there is some scenes easily lead to a decline in the quality of the lens glare. So the backlighting film is to determine whether a lens quality standards.Backlit film, if the subject belon
28、gs to the edge of plush texture, often appear contour light. It is best to use a reflector general portrait and still life sketch, to ensure that the subjects tone and level, otherwise it is prone to silhouette effect.A top light is the direct light, when you travel often encounter this kind of ligh
29、t, in fact, this kind of light is very difficult to take good pictures, but a little light side point, is still relatively easy to create a sense of volume shooting objects and three-dimensional, from the figure can be see the construction of three-dimensional sense of strong, light and strong contr
30、ast, note that as far as possible in accordance with the bright area of exposure, so as to achieve the accuracy of exposure.Application of direct light in photography is the most wonderful and creative change of light and shadow often can arouse the photographers mood, the same clever control is als
31、o very important, the window direct sunlight by the projection, in the background, the formation of dramatic projection, small scene photographer orchestrated a qualitative change.How to use light?Beginners can try to use a variety of light, pay attention to clear your mind and focus only on the lig
32、ht (light incident) and shadow (various projection generated) form and change, they are with countless changes.Scattered lightThe soft light cannot be clearly identified the irradiation angle and direction are called light scattering. The natural light of the cloudy day is the most typical scatterin
33、g light, and scattered light does not leave visible shadows on the surface of the object. The contrast of light scattering is weak, can eliminate the surface texture of the performance, in the portrait, scattered light hidden skin pores and flaws, so want to shoot a beautiful beautiful portrait, sca
34、ttered light gets more use.Scattered lightThe soft light cannot be clearly identified the irradiation angle and direction are called light scattering. The natural light of the cloudy day is the most typical scattering light,Scattered light does not leave visible shadows on the surface of the object.
35、 The contrast of light scattering is weak, can eliminate the surface texture of the performance, in the portrait, scattered light hidden skin pores and flaws, so want to shoot a beautiful beautiful portrait, scattered light gets more use.Scattered light photographs, light effects appear relatively f
36、lat, the scene will not be due to the effects of light and shadow, resulting in different visual changes, more to restore the essence of the subject. From this picture we can see that the dull light, emotional expression is not conducive to the scenery, the photographer had to find visual interest p
37、oints in the composition, deliberately placing the subject in the corner, and the color of the color plane is more prominent in the subject. Taking pictures under scattered light is easier to train the photographers ability to compose and to find visual interest, but its difficult to get good pictur
38、es.In the case of exposure control, a very ideal exposure value can be obtained by using only scattered light to photograph basically, and only metering (matrix photometry) needs to be evaluated.Three, the relationship between light and color1, direct light and colorDirect light is too strong, the l
39、ight generated by the relatively large, often destroy the subject details and essence of color objects, in the choice of subject and subject to trade-offs, it is difficult to achieve the overall exposure accurately, then we must test the photographer to light grasp the ability and experience are ric
40、h. The advantages of direct light can be very good to highlight the object changing contrast and the contrast effect, better shaping the sense of volume, but the disadvantages are also obvious, it is difficult to reflect the objects of color picture and rich color details.Due to the nature of direct
41、 light are produced in sunny weather, air transparency, so shooting pictures feel very beautiful, in fact, from the subject point of view, because the light is relatively large, the color and the object light and dark color itself is great.Using these features, photographers can choose themes and sc
42、enes without highlighting the color of objects, creating themes that represent spatial and volume sense.Direct light exposure after accurate color is strong, strong sense of volume, but because of the degree of tolerance of photosensitive element light limited, light and dark color contrast, the exp
43、osure value is different, easily lead to excessive light exposure, to restore the true colors. For the color rich objects, easily lead to the loss of direct light levels.Scattered lightThe soft light cannot be clearly identified the irradiation angle and direction are called light scattering. The na
44、tural light of the cloudy day is the most typical scattering light, and scattered light does not leave visible shadows on the surface of the object. The contrast of light scattering is weak, can eliminate the surface texture of the performance, in the portrait, scattered light hidden skin pores and
45、flaws, so want to shoot a beautiful beautiful portrait, scattered light gets more use.Scattered light photographs, light effects appear relatively flat, the scene will not be due to the effects of light and shadow, resulting in different visual changes, more to restore the essence of the subject. Fr
46、om this picture we can see that the dull light, emotional expression is not conducive to the scenery, the photographer had to find visual interest points in the composition, deliberately placing the subject in the corner, and the color of the color plane is more prominent in the subject. Taking pict
47、ures under scattered light is easier to train the photographers ability to compose and to find visual interest, but its difficult to get good pictures.In the case of exposure control, a very ideal exposure value can be obtained by using only scattered light to photograph basically, and only metering
48、 (matrix photometry) needs to be evaluated.Three, the relationship between light and color1, direct light and colorDirect light is too strong, the light generated by the relatively large, often destroy the subject details and essence of color objects, in the choice of subject and subject to trade-of
49、fs, it is difficult to achieve the overall exposure accurately, then we must test the photographer to light grasp the ability and experience are rich. The advantages of direct light can be very good to highlight the object changing contrast and the contrast effect, better shaping the sense of volume, but the disadvantages are also obvious, it is difficult to reflect the objects of color picture and rich color details.Due to the nature of direct light are produced in sunny weather, air transparency, so shooting pictures feel very beautiful, in fact, from the subj
