1、张恨水笔下的重庆形象（The image of Chongqing under Zhang Henshuis pen）The image of Chongqing under Zhang Henshuis penThis article source: http:/ during the Anti Japanese War, Zhang Henshui guest in the capital of Chongqing, on the one hand, he experiences from his new guest Chongqing life as pen, “fantasy“ and
2、 “narrative“ of his life in Chongqing, Chongqing as the background of creation, from the “Xiajiang people“ from the angle of looking at people and the city of Chongqing, creating a true to life and full of meaning for our Chongqing image; on the other hand, it is after Zhang Henshui was with the Cho
3、ngqings unique life experience, the author found that the image of Chongqing on the creation of the late art style had a profound impact and a remodeling with.Key words: Zhang Henshui; image of Chongqing; artistic styleI. IntroductionZhang Henshui is Chinese novel in the history of the most producti
4、ve novelist, a variety of works up to more than 110, a total of more than 3000 words, in the eight year war in Chongqing amounted to 800 million words, enjoy a wide range of social reputation. The famous scholar Liu Bannong called Zhang Henshui: “todays novels all“ Taiwan scholar Ms. Zhao Xiaoxuan s
5、aid he is “the most prominent place in the chapter, improving“ notes novel, “write better than Liu E and Wu Jingzi“. The “Zhang Henshui phenomenon“ in twentieth Century to become the China literary legendary topic. It has attracted more and more researchers attention, according to the statistics of
6、the recent research results, researchers focus mainly on his early romantic novels, and has critical social and life experience of the later works is relatively little attention, especially pay attention to the relationship between the image of the city works with Chongqing local culture from the pe
7、rspective of space.The College of Southwestern University Xiao Weisheng, edited by Professor Li Yi “Chinese modern literature Sichuan -“ Zhang Henshui and Chongqing “40s novel a paper from the perspective of Bashu culture, focuses on the relationship between Zhang Henshuis novels and the Chongqing i
8、n 1940s, has been part of display of the image of Chongqing; Huazhong Normal University doctoral student Yin Ying in 2008 her“ Chongqing image of the literary expression - Zhang Henshui created another meaning “from the image analysis perspective of literary expression meaning, but due to the full e
9、xplanation. Both ignore this specific topic image of Chongqing to reshape its style of the late. However, literary history is always a process, and Zhang Henshui is one of the most modern China literature writer process. In January 1938 Mr Zhang Henshui arrived in Chongqing in December 1945, left Ch
10、ongqing, Chongqing for his “second home“, he spent seven years off Chongqing career in Chongqing south hot spring peach ditch, so he had deep life experience of living life of the mountain, so these have been in Chongqing as the background of the emergence of characters.The unique “Chongqing image“
11、which caused people to look forward to the specific image of the city of Chongqing. Chongqing is the capital of the national government during World War II, the Far East and the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the theater command center and cultural center. Now it is Chinese the youngest muni
12、cipality in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the West Portal and the economic and cultural center, the city is fully deserve China. Therefore, the author will define the main city of Chongqing in Chongqing region. As novelist Zhang Henshui, how is the display of human and city of Chongqing,Di
13、fferent geographical environment and city culture character, behind this effort, the author portrays the image of Chongqing has any meaning, and the image of Chongqing on its style of creating what influence will be the focus of the author to be explained in this article.Two, the image of Chongqing:
14、 Xiajiangs life experience and imagination of ChongqingThe image of Chongqing under the pen of Zhang Henshui is mainly through the Xiajiangs life experience and his departure from Chongqing to Chongqing after the city to show the imagination. Mainly by the people and the city of Chongqing to show th
15、e spirit of “people“ is mainly based on different customs and life style of people Xiajiang and Chongqing as contrast description to show, and the “city“ is mainly to the allegorical symbol description to show Chongqing.A pen in Chongqing is a city of immigrants, the main works on display is from Zh
16、ejiang Shanghai area to flee to Chongqing Xiajiang people, he in the “Chongqing brigade“ in the sense of book wrote: “Sichuan is under the river that Hakka people, who can not speak Mandarin (Gou West Sichuan Yunnan Guizhou), although from Gan Qing, also in the Xiajiang list. And saying that Sichuan
17、 below on the soles of the feet, so Xiajiang people called on the soles of the feet of human, not all the guest Gou, I hear, will be turning red in the face. On the Xiajiang not, also not easy to maintain “. In the eyes of the local people of Chongqing River “rustic“. “The people of Sichuan, is broa
18、d, wearing a gown, barefoot, show Chongqing forthright and perseverance. Chongqing local people wearing the custom is unique: “Sichuan people both men and women, like white cloth wrapped around the head, nineteen in the winter, barefoot sandals, Jacket Robe, red feet.“ Show Chongqing honest and cour
19、ageous folk customs. In Chongqing local peoples eyes, Xiajiang people are aristocratic family, speculation businessman, gentle elegant literati, beautiful socialite, they have to come to Chongqing with china. “Zhang Henshui“, “walk“ no hope of reunion among friends, “proud of“ Chongqing “the frost n
20、ovels of national calamity“ is to “Xiajiang people“ narrative writing. Chongqing people are industrious and simple, hard life. He wrote a memoir of Chongqing “?“ in the world under the swaying empty basket: “in the north to see hawkers in Sichuan to see the car, no hawkers to bear on cover, rugged m
21、ountain The burden of hawkers, often dawn into the city, on the crowded dish basket, high and flat stick together The forehead sweat wet, drag the fatigue step“.The Xiajiang people under the view of Chongqing is its intention, the author thinks that Zhang maintained a spirit of intellectual survival
22、, only cursory attention to Chongqing culture could not be grounded to the local skin to Xiajiang people to local peoples production and life style has not adapt to the pain. But whether it is Xiajiang or Chongqing local residents, Zhang Henshui of Chongqing was “voluptuous in guerrilla, corrupt off
23、icials, the poor and the boredom of intellectuals, to take advantage of the public,“ beautiful “socialite“ beings attitude is critical, is sympathetic to the poor and depressed the Qing and Chinese intellectuals people. In his “ “,“ “in the hope of reunion among friends in these types of characters
24、are portrayed, analyzes the national character, revealed the social gaffe that awakened the Chinese peoples conscience in support of war.The image of Chongqing “cloak“ is mainly expressed by the cultural symbol of Chongqing,I found it purely behind these cultural symbols, full of meaning.The housing
25、, “rain,“ stilts “hut“ was living in Chongqing suffering cultural symbols. He in the “fast“ to leak article reads: “in the summer cottage, invasion for the storm will leak. Call builders fill, is this in no grass. Cover the country straw, not only sold out No leakage no bed, no note. The women and c
26、hildren are earthen pots of magnetic leakage, then a room gurgle clank, three par“. “ begins with the hope of reunion among friends wrote: “this house is a thatched roof, bamboo and mud clamping walls, but the cottage area people, not born to live in the cottage. They think this is called the nation
27、al house building in line with the needs of the times, a condition“. How a text, rain brought him the pain of suffering on stilts. Almost every one of his works to describe the stilts and huts in a similar language. However, in the novels also repeatedly to view the elegant luxury mansion descriptio
28、n, such as “the Dean“ in the hope of reunion among friends there are several mansion, they often do not live in residence, leaving only a few guard adjutant. He took the rain and the residence Diaojiaolou to be compared, which reveals the gap between the rich and the poor in Chongqing, revealing the
29、 authors strong “but rich heartless“ thought.After leaving Chongqing, he made the memory and imagination of Chongqing. Wrote in “memoirs“ in the mountain: “Chongqing war, not to be forgotten, and for the Jialing Yangtze two Jiang Zhongzhi Peninsula, built the mountain city, and even the odd show. An
30、d Sichuan, four resistance, industry, are quite different from the river north and south, from Sichuan for two years, on second thought, to write Memoirs of mountain city“. In the heart of Chongqing is a unique folk customs, scenic area of the city. For Zhang Henshui used to live in the plains, moun
31、tains brought him pain. “Mountain climbing“ Memoirs? No writes: young Li Bai read difficult to poetry, meditation and mistrustful is difficult unthinkable, but in the difficult, but not at risk. Cover Sichuan mountain, stone road trail, are easy to size? Feldspar as the slope, no risk can not be rea
32、ched On the stone slope 1000, a gas kick“. The mountain is the Chongqing landform symbol Zhang Henshuis most significant image of Chongqing, and the most characteristic. Chongqing is well-known, far and near the mountain city, and is a poor communications terminal to the city, so many more steps, sl
33、ope, peoples daily travel are inevitably climbing on the ridge, but Chongqing is also a cannot do without “pick“ lift “and“ pull “of the city, this will inevitably lead to people such as climbing on the ridge no pain. The author stood in the small public position, with the ultimate concern of the hu
34、manitarian, watching by pick hawkers, carried by bearers, by pulling the driver, “writes:“ walk rather than ride the mountain slope, the little half flat, not a car and a car, deep under difficult also, the rickshaw, bow like a snake head and drop soup, handlebar, and fell down, such as a snail movi
35、ng round adhesive. That car is Chongqing Sheng bu.“ Writing was a Chongqing rickshaw survival horror, cruel exploitation of rich people in poor toil of the driver is almost like a cattle driven for people, Chongqing is a sad and the beasts of the city. The writing paradigm of the toiling masses of t
36、he image,It is powerful to reveal suffering in Chongqing. Obviously this is very clear the meaning. “People with cell story“ the spirit of Zhang Henshui, first, to show his concern for peoples life, concerned about the fate of the people at the bottom. Second, because always maintain political neutr
37、ality, and facing the text review authorities, so this way is either to avoid political interference in reality also reflects the darkness of society. Third, this is a hint of the burden of life pressure, by the male intellectuals and Dr Simon tone, give vent to their feelings. In the “cattle go? He
38、lper zuojiao“ said: “the Central Asian male but is carrying people to go a long way, we carried the boss go a lifetime, is carrying people to go in front of the road is visible, we carried the boss go rich road, the nature is bitter, but they can leave litter bar does not carry, we do not carry is n
39、ot so easy. I sit chair everywhere, is nothing more than the sedan chair, I dont lift, I do not go to lift people Dont study, he did not know that kissing is shameful?“ Dr Simon in the “poor“ said: “we have to lift the people in mind, is the two mixed meal, intellectuals in pick the burden of life,
40、be realistic pressed distorted soul. “In the end“ zhizuijinmi Wei in the process of this one big boss lift car inadvertently and in deep trouble, lost his job and his wife. In the authors opinion, the Chongqing impoverished intellectuals, as even as the double horse “.Chongqings more clouds, less su
41、nshine, autumn rain, rain and fog as Chongqings unique natural images, is an important component of Chongqings image“.However, rain and fog has deep meaning, this is because the author in a specific era, and became a writing idea and setting symbols. On the moral view of rain. First of all, show a k
42、ind of nostalgia: “you ask no period, up hope of reunion among friends Qiu Chi, he Danggong to cut the window candle, but it is by Li Shangyin hope of reunion among friends“ poem shows a deep nostalgia “in the hope of reunion among friends“, we hope to end the war, returning to the homeland. Secondl
43、y, the rain is the symbol of the disaster. Zhang Henshui described the leak to be vegetarian in rainy under: “bamboo clip, yellow painted up as the walls of a room, and then do a live wooden beams, the bamboo bar, cut the grass, in the mountains covered with a roof,“ then he simply put the house to
44、be called “leakage zhai“.On the fog, first of all, showing intellectual mental distress. In his works, make people anxious spirit whirling mist. As an intellectual, Li Nanquan, Tang Guoan, Tan Boping et al Zhuangzheng region when the mood depressed, the work described in the fog will appear. Secondl
45、y, on the other hand, fog and the metaphor is the whole society of Chongqing, he in the “cattle go“ first wrote: “the sky into third days of fog was still clear, the whole mountain is covered on the inside of blackness.“ “The end“ in hope of reunion among friends: “the eyes of the fog is still stron
46、g, around and invaded the black sea This is the author of “the livelong night rendering in the novel dark society of Chongqing.Dim fog shrouded in the “eighty-one Chongqing“ dream “,“ walk “,“ glamorous “horses,“ Idol “and other exposed Chongqing dark works, the more exposed the Kuomintang corruptio
47、n. “Chongqing fog“ overlapping images of all kinds of social ugly figure: officials desperately stealing money, regardless of peoples life, market manipulation by speculators, the officers use force of smuggling, rulers, exploiters here, peacefulness, businessmen act evilly in collusion with big nat
48、ional crisis fiscal; city, soaring prices, shortage of materials, people hungry, wailing everywhere All these make the strong patriotic spirit of Zhang Henshui in his anger from Chongqing under the pen of social image like a caricature. In his “eighty-one dream“ the preface said: “a Chongqing The at
49、mosphere was foul. people really could not stand.“Three, experience and artistic style of ChongqingDanner “philosophy of art“ to “race, environment and times“, emphasizes the tightness between the three. At the same time, we also know that art originates from life, and higher than life, art is a reflection of real life“. It is the life of Chongqing geographical environment and specific times forced him to change style he got out early, “Yuanyanghudie school“ style, and emphasize the heavy reality of suffering. Zhang himself once said: “the nation
