1、12018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语本试卷分为第 I 卷（选择题）和第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 130分，考试用时 100 分钟。第 I 卷 1 至 10 页。第 II 卷 11 至 12 页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利！第 I 卷注意事项：1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2. 本卷共 55 小题，共 95 分。第一部分：英
2、语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）从 A、B、 C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Stand over there_ youll be able to see it better.A. or B. and C. but D. while答案是 B。1. Wasnt Joan supposed to be here by now? _. She will be here in about twenty minutes.A. All right B. Dont worry C. No wonder D. Enj
3、oy yourself22. Kate, _ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. whom B. that C. whose D. her3. At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving, but eventually he _ as she was so confident about her skills.A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned
4、up4. Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend _ they get sweet enough to be eaten.A. ever since B. as if C. even though D. so that 5. Im moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help. _. Just let me know when, and Ill be there.A. You bet B. It depends C. Forget it D. No kidding6. The _ t
5、hat there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation7. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph _.A. taking B. taken C. being taken D. take8. It took him a long time to _ the ski
6、lls he needed to become a good dancer.A. display B. acquire C. teach D. test9. The gold medal will be awarded to _ wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever310. I cant find my purse. I _ it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure.A. should leave B.
7、 must have left C. might leave D. could have left11. Bob thought he couldnt go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went _.A. at first B. after all C. above all D. at random12. I didnt mean _ anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help _ it.A. to eat; to try B. eat
8、ing; trying C. eating; to try D. to eat; trying13. My washing machine _ this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired414. It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. which B
9、. that C. when D. where15. If we _ the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.A. had caught B. caught C. have caught D. would catch第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1635 各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winn
10、ers by their own l6 .I learned this lesson from a(n) l7 many years ago. I took the head l8 job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.It was a tradition for the schools old team to play against the l9 team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no
11、 coach, and they didnt even practice to 20 the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldnt 21 I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to 22 that my team might not be the number
12、one team in Georgia, but they were 23 me. I had to change my 24 about their ability and potential.I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 25 . Most 5important, I began to treat them like 26 . That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their 27 , we met every day and 28 passing an
13、d kicking the football.Six months after suffering our 29 on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to 30 . Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a 31 for us even if we lost the game. But that wasnt what happened. My boys b
14、eat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest 32 of my life!From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 33 the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and 34 them. I helped them to see themselves 35 , and they built themselves i
15、nto winners.Winners are made, not born.16. A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature17. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show18. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with21. A. believ
16、e B. agree C. describe D. regret22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship626. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. learners27. A.
17、 rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend31. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers33. A. surprise B. serve C. int
18、erest D. affect34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently第二部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFire Prevention InformationThe University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention pr
19、ofessionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler (喷水灭火装置) systems, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull station
20、s and the two exits nearest your room.Fire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual (手动的) fire 7alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinkle
21、rs. For your safety, never tamperwith (胡乱摆弄) these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following: Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to
22、your room. Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift. Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire ExtinguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so.
23、Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorsA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on
24、 the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector: If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. lf the red light is not blinking (闪动), contact residence hall staff immediately.8 Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way. If a sm
25、oke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.36. What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?A. To provide part-time jobs for students.B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D. To train te
26、achers to be fire prevention professionals.37. What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?A. Pipes and smoke detectors.B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.38. In a fire drill, the students should _.A. rush quickly t
27、o a liftB. gather at the nearest exitC. shut the door and leave at onceD. wait for instructions in the hall39. What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.B. Irresponsible use of them can damage them.C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartmen
28、t.D. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.940. To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should _.A. contact the hall staff regularlyB. cover the things that burn easilyC. start the smoke detector in a fireD. make certain the red light is workingBWhen I was 17, I read a ma
29、gazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, “Do you have the address?” “No, but Ill recognize it, th
30、ere was a picture in the magazine.”“Oh, stop. There it is!”The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.“May I help you?” a man asked. “No,” I said. “Were fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a
31、painting you werent that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy (爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. “Where do you think you are?” he asked
32、. I turned sharply. “The McNay Art Museum!” He smiled, shaking his 10head. “Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street.” “Whats this place?” I asked, still confused. “Well, its our home.” My heart jolted (震颤). I raced to the staircase and called out, “Sally! Come down immediately!”“Theres some real
33、ly good stuff (艺术作品) up there.” She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, “Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place.” Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldnt believe how long they
34、 let us look around without saying anything.The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. “Excuse me, did you ever en
35、ter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?”“Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone.”“That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My
36、feelings about my home changed after that. Ive always wanted to thank you.”41. What do we know about Marian McNay?A. She was a painter.B. She was a community leader.11C. She was a museum director.D. She was a journalist.42. Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?A. She disliked
37、 people who were nosy.B. She felt nervous when talking to strangers.C. She knew more about art than the man.D. She mistook him for a tour guide.43. How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?A. Puzzled. B. Concerned.C. Frightened. D. Delighted.44. Why did the author desc
38、ribe the real McNay museum in just a few words?A. The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.B. She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.C. The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.D. The event happening in the house was more significant.45. What could we learn f
39、rom the last paragraph?A. People should have good taste to enjoy life.B. People should spend more time with their family.C. People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.D. People tend to educate teenagers at a museum. CTheres a new frontier in 3D printing thats beginning to come 12into focus: f
40、ood. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isnt stopping there.Food productionWith a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do t
41、hatit takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same, ” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than
42、farm to table.Sustainability (可持续性)The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to
43、the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料 ). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing
44、up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.Nutrition13Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing couldallow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So i
45、nstead of eating a piece of yesterdays bread from the supermarket, youd eat something baked just for you on demand.”ChallengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste（糊状物） before a printer ca
46、n use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D f
47、ood printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.46. What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?A. It helps cooks to create new dishes.B. It saves time and effort in cooking.C. It improves the cooking conditions.D. It contribute
48、s to restaurant decorations.47. What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3?A. It solves food shortages easily.B. It quickens the transportation of food.C. It needs no space for the storage of food.14D. It uses renewable materials as sources of food.48. According to Paragraph 4, 3D-pri
49、nted food .A. is more available to consumersB. can meet individual nutritional needsC. is more tasty than food in supermarketsD. can keep all the nutrition in raw materials49. What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?A. The printing process is complicated.B. 3D food printers are too expensive.C. Food materials have to be dry.D. Some experts doubt 3D foo
