1、1.v-ing 作状语可以修饰动词，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随的情况等。时间状语方式伴随状语程度状语 让步状语条件状语原因状语结果状语V-ing 作状语*时间状语动词的 ing 形式作时间状语时相当于一个状语从句，几乎每一个动词 ing 作状语时都可以转换成一个时间状语从句。它表示动作如果和谓语动词的动作同时发生或紧接着发生，此时常用动词的 ing 形式的一般式，在强调动词的 ing 形式表示的动作先于谓语动词的动作时，用动词 ing 的完成时。Eg；1.arriving in Paris，I lost my way。=when I arrived in Paris
2、 ，I lost my way。到巴黎后，我迷路了。2.Hearing the exciting news， the boy jumped with joy。=when the boy heard the exciting news，the boy jumped with joy。听到这个令人激动的消息，男孩高兴得跳起来。3.we are ready for the examination，having made full preparations。= we are ready for the examination，when we have made full preparations。我们
3、已经做好充分的准备，现在可以应考了。*原因状语动词的 ing 作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句，同时也可以转变为一个原因状语从句。它表示的原因的动词 ing 形式短语一般置于句首。Eg；1.having smoked too much ，he has suffered from lung cancer。=as he has smoked too much ，he has suffered from lung cancer由于抽烟过多，他得了肺癌。2.living far from my company，I have to get up early。=because I live far f
4、rom my company，I have to get up early。由于住得离公司远，我只好早起。3.not knowing her address，I might as well call her to come over。=because I do not know her address，I might as well call her to come over 。不知道她的地址，我只好打电话让她来。*结果状语动词的 ing 作结果状语时，不常用，通常放在句末，中间有逗号。它可以转化成结果状语从句。Eg；1.the fire lasted nearly a month，leavi
5、ng nothing valuable。大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么有价值的东西。结果状语形式 不定式 Todo 动词 ing往往是前面主语的结果往往表示出乎意料之外的结果*方式、伴随状语动词 ing 表示方式或伴随情况是比较常见的，它用来说明发生的背景或情况。Eg，1.I stood by the door，not daring to say a word。我站在门旁边，不敢说一句话。2.my parents wrote me a letter ，telling me to change my job。我父母来信让换我工作。3.i lay on the grass，staring at
6、 the sky for a long time。我躺在草地上，长时间的望天空。4.talking and laughing，the kids walked one by one into the classroom 。孩子们有一个个说有笑的走进教室 。5.theycame running all the way。他们一路跑过来。*条件状语动词的 ing 作条件状语一般位于句首。Eg；1.going straight down the road，you will find the department store 。顺着路一直走，你会发现那家百货公司。2.working hard at you
7、r lessons，you will succeed 。如果好好学习，你就能成功。*让步状语Eg；1.knowing all this ，I still wanted to see it myself。尽管知道了这一切，我还是想亲自去看看。=though I knew all this ，I still wanted to see it myself。2.working hard as he did ，he still failed。=though he worked hard as he did ，he still failed。尽管他很努力，他还是失败了。*程度状语动词 ing 形式在习惯
8、上可以作程度状语，常译作；很 、 非常 、 极度 ，也可以与 very互译。Eg；1.it was freezing cold yesterday。昨天很冷。2.she is an amazing girl。她是一位迷人的女孩。*补充；常见的动词 ing 短语Go bathing 去洗澡 Go shopping去购物Go running 去跑步 go skating 去滑雪go boating 去划船 Go hunting 去打猎Gojogging 去慢跑 Goclimbing 去爬山评论性状语Generally speaking 一般来说Strickly speaking 严格地说Broadly speaking 广义上说Supporting 如果Narrowly speaking 狭义上说Judging from/by 由判断Providing 如果Considering 考虑到Consisting of 包括
