1、3、形容词、 副词的原级、比较级和最高级1、 分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。2、规则变化:(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上 er,est 构成比较级和最高级。a)直接加 er,est ：b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加 er,est：c)以辅音字母+y 结尾的,先把 y 改为 i 再加上 er,est：(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加 more / most.3、不规则变化:原级 比较级 最高级good 好的well 好；(身体)好的, better 更好的 best 最好的
2、bad,badly 糟糕的,糟糕地ill(身体)不舒服的worse 更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体) 更不舒服的worst 最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体) 最不舒服的many 许多的 (可数)much 许多的 (不可数)；非常more 更多的；更 most 最多的；最little 少的 less 更少的 least 最少的farther 更远的；更远地farthest 最远的；最远地far 远的；远地further 进一步的(地) furthest 最深刻的(地)4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：(1)讲述某人/物自身的情况时 ,用原级。基本句型是：主语 + 谓语动词 + (very/t
3、oo/so/quite/) + 形/ 副词原级 +.如：He is very old now.(他现在很老了) They ran quite fast.(它们跑得相当快) The weather looks rather bad.(天气看上去相当糟)I am so happy!(我是如此的快乐)表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词 /副词原级 + as + 第二个人物 +.如：He is as excited as his younger sister.(他和他妹妹一样兴奋)Lily rode her bike as slowly as an
4、 old lady.(莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢)They picked as many apples as the farmers (did).(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多)表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as / so + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as + 第二个人物 +.如：He is not so / as excited as his younger sister.(他没他妹妹那么兴奋) Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly as an old lady. (莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢) T
5、hey didnt pick so / as many apples as the farmers (did). (他们摘的苹果不如农民多)(2) 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人物时,用比较级。基本句型：主语(A)+谓语动词+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词/ 副词比较级+than+第二个人物 (B)+.如：A modern train is much faster than a car.现代的火车比轿车快多了This book didnt cost me more than that one.这本书花费我的钱不比那本多讲述两者有差异,第一个人物不及第二个人
6、物时,用比较级。句型是：主语(A) + 谓语动词 + less+ (多音节形/副) 比较级 + than + 第二个人物(B) +.如：I think English is less difficult than maths.(我认为英语不比数学难)Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language?(你认为学外语不那么重要吗？)(3)讲述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一个时,用最高级。句型是：主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词 +(the) +形容词/副词最高级 +in / of .如：The Changjiang River
7、is the longest in China.(长江是中国最长的河流) He jumped (the) highest of the three (boys).(三个男生中他跳得最高)4、关于比较等级的重要注释：1、如果动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词；如果后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。如：This car is the fastest of the four.(形容词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的)This car runs (the) fastest of the four.(副词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的)2、 “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。如：The weath
8、er is getting warmer and warmer.(天越来越温暖了)3、 “the+比较级,the+比较级” 表示“越就越”。如：The more trees we plant,the better it will be.(我们栽的树越多,情况就会越好)The harder you try,the greater your progress is.(你越是努力,进步就越大)4、一般的形容词或副词的比较级前面可以加 much/a little/even/still,而表示数量的 more 之前还可以加 some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/
9、a lot 等词。如：It is much colder today than yesterday.(今天比昨天冷多了)Would you like some more coffee?(你还要些咖啡吗？)He did not eat any more.(他没有再吃)5、more than / less than 分别可以理解为“多于/ 少于”, 相当于副词,more than=over; less than=under如：I lived in New York for more than four months.(我在纽约生活了四个多月)6、 “one of the +最高级+名词(复数)”整
10、个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式。如：One of the oldest houses has been burnt in a fire.(最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了)7、 “Which / Who+动词+形/副,or?”句型中,如果有两个选项,形/ 副用比较级,如果有三个选项,形/副用最高级。如：Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei?(林涛和韩梅谁的书最多？)Which is the heaviest,a pig,a horse or an elephant?(猪、马、象哪个最重？)8、上下文中含有 both/either/neither/
11、two/twins 等表示两个事物的词时,用比较级,而且往往还要加 the；含有 all/none/no one/ every 等表示三个或三个以上事物时,用最高级。如：-Do you like the smaller one?Neither.(小一点的那个你喜欢吗？一个都不喜欢)-Which do you like best? All of them!(你最喜欢哪个？全部。)1、This is an_book.A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. interestedly2、The teacher is_to come.A.the certain B.will C.certain D.still3、He has_ visited the school.A. already B. yet C. still D. often4、He still works at the desk until_ every night.A. latest B. last C. lately D. late5、He was three hours later than_ .A. usually B. usual C. more usually D. more usual1.B.2.C.3.A.4.D.5.B.
