1、1Aabandon vt.1.离弃,丢弃 2.遗弃,抛弃 3.放弃v.+n. an attempt 放弃尝试; ones commitment 放弃承诺; effort 放弃努力; hope 放弃希望; an idea 断绝想法; a notion 舍弃观念; an obligation 推卸责任; an opportunity to attend advanced studies 放弃进修的机会; a plan 放弃计划; ones principle 放弃原则; a project 中止项目; a search 放弃搜索; ship 弃船; ones weapon 放下武器; ones w
2、ife and children 抛妻弃子v.+prep. to 例: oneself to despair 陷入绝望; oneself to drinking 恣情纵酒; oneself to emotion 感情用事; oneself to fate 听天由命; oneself to grief 悲伤不已; oneself to pleasures 纵情享乐 prep.+n. with 例: cry with 号啕大哭;laugh with 放声大笑; spend money with 胡乱花钱adv.+v. completely (totally, utterly) 完全放弃;despa
3、iringly 绝望地放弃;hastily 仓促地放弃;recklessly 轻率地放弃;regretfully 遗憾地放弃;reluctantly 情非所愿地放弃;temporarily 暂时放弃 ability n. 1.能力,本领 2.才能,才智v.+n. appreciate sb.s 赏识某人的能力;assess sb.s 评估某人的能力;conceal (hide) ones 不显露才能; cultivate (develop, foster, nurse)ones 培养能力;demonstrate(display, exhibit, show) ones 展示能力;doubt s
4、b.s 怀疑某人的能力;lack 缺乏能力;measure sb.s 衡量某人的能力;possess 具备能力;recognize sb.s 认识到某人的能力;stifle sb.s 埋没某人的才能;use ones 发挥能力; waste ones 浪费能力adj.+n. all-round(manifold) 全面的能力;average (moderate) 一般的能力;creative 创造能力;distinguished 出类拔萃的才能;exceptional (unusual) 非凡出众的本领;great 高强的本领;inferior 较差的能力;latent 尚未发挥的才能; mo
5、ney-handling 理财能力;natural (innate)天赋的能力;organizing 组织能力; outstanding (remarkable, superior) 卓越的才能;rare 不可多得的才能; reasoning 推理能力;striking 惊人的才能;unique 与众不同的能力 abolish vt.彻底废除,废止v.+n. capital punishment(the death penalty)废除死刑; the entrance exam 废除入学考试; a law 废止法律; old customs 废除旧的习俗; slavery 废除奴隶制; an
6、outdated(outworn) system 废除过时的制度; war 废除战争abrupt adj. 1.突然的,意外的 2.(举止、言谈等)唐突的,鲁莽的adj.+n. change 突然的变化; departure 仓促的离开; manner 唐突的举止; remark 直言不讳的话语; reply 生硬的回答; turn 急转弯absorb vt. 1.吸收 2.吸引的注意,使全神贯注 3.把并入,同化v.+n. attention 吸引注意力; energy 吸收能量; experience 吸取经验; a small firm 吞并小公司; new ideas 汲取新思想; i
7、mmigrants 同化移民; knowledge 吸收知识; light 吸收光线; noise 消除噪音; water 吸水 abstain vi. 1. 戒绝,回避 2. 弃权2v.+prep. from 例: comment 避免加以评论; from eating 不吃东西; from greasy food禁忌油腻; from drinking and smoking 戒除烟酒; from luxury 避免奢华; from politics退出政坛; from voting 投票弃权 absurd adj. 荒谬的,荒唐的 adj.+n. explanation 荒谬的解释; id
8、ea 荒谬的想法; mistake 荒唐的错误; opinion 荒谬的观点; suggestion 荒谬的建议 adv.+adj. absolutely 绝对荒谬的; clearly(patently) 显然荒唐的;completely(totally, utterly) 十足荒唐的;highly 极其荒唐的;ridiculously 荒唐可笑的 abundant adj. 1.大量的,充足的 2.丰富的,富裕的adj.+n. energies 旺盛的精力; evidence 大量证据; harvest 丰收; land 富饶的土地; life 丰衣足食的生活; rainfall 充沛的降雨
9、; natural resources 丰富的自然资源; supply 充足的供应; year 丰年 adj.+prep. in 例: in minerals 矿产丰富; in natural resources 自然资源丰富 abuse n. & vt. 1.滥用,妄用 2.虐待,伤害 3.辱骂,毁谤v.+n. heap (shower) 肆意谩骂 hurl(shout, scream) 破口打骂; take 挨骂v.+n. alcohol 酗酒; ones authority(office, position, power) 滥用职权; children 虐待儿童; sb.s confid
10、ence(trust)辜负某人的信任; drugs 吸毒; prisoners 虐待囚犯; ones privilege 滥用特权; natural resources 滥用自然资源; human rights 侵犯人权; ones wife 虐待妻子; words 滥用词汇 adv.+v. cruelly 残忍地虐待 physically 在身体上虐待; psychologically 心理虐待;roundly 痛骂;sexually 性虐待 adj.+n. horrifying 骇人听闻的虐待;physical 身体虐待; psychological 心理虐待;sexual 性虐待; sh
11、ocking 令人震惊的虐待;verbal 言语谩骂academic adj. 1.学校的;2.学术的;3.纯理论的,不切实际的adj.+n. community 学术界; credit 学分; exchanges 学术交流; freedom 学术自由; lecture 学术讲座; performance 学习表现; studies 学术研究; success 学业上的成功; work 学业; year 学年 accelerate vi.& vt. 1.(使)加快, (使)增速v.+n. the construction 加快建设进度; economic growth 加速经济发展; ones
12、 steps 加快步伐; a trend 加快趋势 accept vt. 1.接受,领受,收受; 2.承认,同意,认可 3.相信v.+n. sb.s warm congratulations 接受某人的热烈祝贺; criticism 接受批评; an idea 赞成观点; an invitation 接受邀请; a position 担任职位; responsibility 承担责任; a theory 接受理论adv.+v. blindly 盲目接受;cheerfully (gladly) 高兴地接受;completely(fully) 完全接受;eagerly 热切地接受; general
13、ly (universally, widely) 普遍接受;gratefully 感激地接受;readily(willingly) 欣然接受;reluctantly (unwillingly) 情非所愿地接受 3accomplish vt. 达到,完成,实现v.+n. a goal 实现目标; a journey 走完旅程; a mission 完成使命; the very opposite适得其反; a purpose 达到目的; national reunification 实现国家的统一; a task 完成任务adv.+v. easily 轻松完成;quickly 迅速完成;smoot
14、hly 顺利完成;successfully 成功完成 accumulate vt. 积累,积聚v.+n. experience 积累经验; funds 积累资金; money 攒钱; wealth 积累财富; wisdom 积累智慧 adv.+v. gradually 逐渐积累;rapidly 迅速积累;steadily 稳步积累;systematically 系统积累 accurate adj. 1.正确无误的 2.准确的,精确的adj.+n. clock 走得准的钟表; estimate 准确的估计; typist 准确无误的打字员 adv.+adj. absolutely 绝对准确的;f
15、airly 相当准确的;grammatically 语法准确的;reasonably (tolerably) 尚属准确的;remarkably 非常准确的;strictly 十分准确的adj.+prep. in 例: in counting 计算准确; in work 工作中做到准确无误accuse vt. 1. 指控,控告 2. 指责v.+prep. of 例: the doctor of professional misconduct 指控医生违背职业道德; the leader of incompetence 指责领导不称职; a person of murder 指控某人谋杀adv.+
16、v. falsely(unjustly, wrongly) 诬告;indignantly 愤慨地谴责 achieve vt.完成,实现,达到 v.+n. ones aim (end, purpose, goal, object, objective) 实现目标; ambition 实现抱负; contentment 获得满足; effect 取得效果; fame 成名; a meaningful life 实现有意义的人生; a purpose 得到目的; recognition 得到认可; a result 取得成果; success 实现成功; a task 完成任务; a victory
17、 取得胜利 adv.+v. easily (effortlessly) 轻而易举地实现achievement n.1.成就,成绩 2.达到,完成,实现v.+n. acclaim(appreciate) 赞赏成绩; admire 钦佩成绩;acknowledge 承认成绩;assess(evaluate) 评估成绩;belittle 贬低成绩;celebrate 庆祝成就;exaggerate(magnify) 夸大成绩;measure 衡量成绩;reach 取得成绩;score 取得成绩;surpass 超越成就 adj.+n. amazing(astonishing) 惊人的成就;awe-i
18、nspiring 令人惊叹的成就;brilliant 辉煌的成就;creditable 值得称赞的成就;crowning 登峰造极的成就; dazzling 显赫的成就;enormous(great, gigantic) 巨大的成就;epoch-making 划时代的成就; magnificent( outstanding, remarkable, ) 杰出的成就;incomparable (unparalleled ) 不可比拟的成绩;monumental 不朽的成就;notable 引人注目的成就;phenomenal 非凡的成就;solid 踏踏实实的成绩; tangible 实际的成绩
19、acknowledge vt. 1.承认 2.告知收到,确认 3.对表示谢意,报偿4v.+n. sb.s assistance (help)感谢某人的帮忙; defeat 承认失败; ones fault (mistake)承认错误; the receipt of a letter 确认来信收到; sb.s services 感谢某人的服务 adv.+v. courageously 勇敢地承认;generally(universally) 公认;gratefully 感谢;openly (publicly) 公开承认;readily 乐于承认;reluctantly 不情愿地承认;privat
20、ely 私下承认;fully 完全承认;promptly 立即承认;tacitly 默认acquire vt. 1.取得,获得 2.学到,养成vt.+n. a habit 养成习惯; information 获取信息; knowledge 学习知识; a foreign language 学会外语; good manners 学会礼貌; a skill 掌握技能; wealth 获得财富 adv.+v. dishonestly(fraudulently) 通过欺诈手段获取; honestly 通过诚实方式获取;legally(illegally) 合法(非法)获取act vi. 1.行动,做事
21、 2.举止,表现 n. 行动,行为 v.+adv. bravely(courageous) 勇敢地行动; cautiously(discreetly, prudently) 行为谨慎; correctly(rightly) 正确地行动; decisively 果断地行动; foolishly(unwisely)愚蠢地行动; freely 自由地行动; generously 表现慷慨; hastily(quickly) 快速行动; honestly 表现诚实; illegally (unlawfully)非法行动; impulsively 行为冲动; independently 独立行动; in
22、stinctively 出于本能地行动; promptly 立即行动; responsibly 负责任地行动; sensibly(wisely) 明智地行动; unethically 不讲道德地行动; unilaterally 单方面行动; rashly 行为鲁莽adj.+n. brave (courageous) 勇敢的行为;childish 幼稚的行为:cruel 残忍的行为;foolish 愚蠢的行为; impulsive 冲动的行为;kind 善良的行为; illegal (unlawful) 违法行为;noble 高尚的行为;rash 鲁莽的行为;shameful 可耻的行为acti
23、ve adj. 1.活跃的,积极的 2.主动的,起作用的adj.+n. imagination 活跃的想象力; interest 浓厚的兴趣; life 积极活跃的生活; market 活跃的市场; member 积极参加活动的成员; participation 积极参与; volcano 活火山adj.+prep. in 例: in public affairs 热心于公众事物; in work 积极工作acute adj. 1.严重的,激烈的 2.敏锐的 3.(疾病)急性的adj.+n. analysis 深刻的分析; crisis 严重的危机; disease 急性病; hearing
24、灵敏的听觉; observer 观察敏锐的人; pain 剧痛; sense 灵敏的感觉; shortage 严重的短缺; sorrow 深切的悲痛; thinker 思想敏锐的人 addicted adj. 热衷的,入迷的adv.+adj. absolutely 完全迷恋;hopelessly 入迷太深,不可救药;strongly 深深迷恋adj.+prep. to 例: to computer games 沉迷于电脑游戏; to gambling 沉溺于赌博; to love stories 迷恋爱情小说address n. 1.地址,住址 2.演说,讲话vt. 1.(在信封或包裹上)写姓
25、名地址 2.向讲话,对发表演说 3.对付,处理vt.+n. deliver(give) an 发表演说 5vt.+n. a need 满足需要; an audience 向听众发表讲话; a challenge 应对挑战; an disadvantage 解决弊端; a meeting 在会议上发表讲话; the nation on television 向全国发表电视讲话; a problem 处理问题 adj.+n. closing 闭幕词;eloquent 雄辩的演讲;farewell 告别演说;inaugural 就职演说;opening 开幕词;permanent 常住地址;stir
26、ring 振奋人心的演讲;temporary 临时地址 adequate adj. 1.充足的,足够的 2.适当的,胜任的adj.+n. description 恰当的描述; explanation 充分的解释; food 足够的食物; size 大小适当;supplies 充足的供应adj.+prep. to 例: to a job 胜任一份工作; to a task 胜任一项任务 for 例: for a need 充分满足需要; for a purpose 适合一个目的adhere vi. 1.粘附,附着 2.遵守,坚持 3.追随,支持vi+prep. to 例: to an agree
27、ment 遵守协议; to a contract 遵守合同; to sb.s decision坚持某人的决定; to a political party 拥护一个政党; to ones original plan 坚持按原计划行事adv.+vi. consistently 一如既往地坚持; resolutely 坚定地坚持;rigidly(strictly) 严格坚持;strongly 坚定地坚持; stubbornly 固执地坚持 adopt vt. 1.收养 2.采取,采纳,采用 3.正式通过,批准vt.+n. an agenda 通过议程; a tough approach 采取强硬手段
28、; an attitude 采取态度; a budget 通过预算; a homeless child 收养无家可归的孩子; an idea 采纳意见;a measure 通过措施; a method 采用方法; an orphan 收养孤儿; a policy 采纳政策; a proposal 采纳提议; the chairmans report 正式通过主席的报告; a resolution 通过决议; a suggestion 接受建议 adv.+vt. arbitrarily 武断采取;formally 正式采取;unanimously 一致通过;widely 广泛采用advance
29、vi. 1.前进,向前移动 2.取得进展 vt. 1.预先发放,预先支付 2.提前,使提前发生 3.提出n. 1.前进,前移 2.进展,改进vt.+n. an argument 提出论据; the cause of peace 促进和平事业; the clock 把时钟拨快; the date of the election 将选举日期提前; the development 促进发展; money 预先付钱; an opinion 提出观点; sb.s prestige 提高声望; prices 提高价格; a proposal 提出建议; science 推动科学发展; wages 提高工资
30、adj.+n. distinct(marked, remarkable) 显著的发展;important(major, significant, substantial) 重大进展;rapid 迅速发展; sharp(dramatic) 急剧上升;steady 持续发展;tremendous 巨大发展advantage n. 1.优点,优势,有利条件,有利因素 2.利益,好处vt.+n. derive(draw, gain, obtain, reap, secure)an 获得利益;consolidate ones 巩固优势;hold (possess)an 占有优势;offset an 抵消
31、优势adj.+n. apparent(clear, obvious) 明显的优势;commercial 商业利益;decided 决定性6优势;geographical 地理优势;military 军事优势;personal 个人利益;slight 微弱的优势;strategic 战略优势 adverse 1. 不友好的,敌对的 2. 不利的,有害的 3.逆向的,相反的adj.+n. trade balance 贸易逆差; circumstances 逆境; comment 非难; weather conditions 恶劣的天气状况; effect 不良影响; publicity 不友好的宣
32、传; report 不友好的报道; wind 逆风adj.+prep. to 例: to public interests 违背公众的利益advice n. 建议,劝告,忠告v.+n. adopt 采纳建议;disregard(ignore) 无视建议;follow(take) 听从建议;give(offer) 提供建议; refuse(reject) 拒绝建议;respect 尊重建议; seek 寻求建议;take legal 咨询律师;turn a deaf ear to 对建议充耳不闻adj.+n. considered 深思熟虑的建议; sensible(wise) 明智的建议;sh
33、rewd 精明的建议;sound 正确的建议;valuable 宝贵的建议advise vt. 劝告,建议 vi. 提供建议或咨询adv.+v. seriously 认真建议;strongly 竭力劝告 v.+prep. on 例: on the law 提供法律咨询 on 例: children on their future 为孩子的前途提供建议 against 例: against taking risks 建议不要冒风险 against 例: father against smoking 劝父亲不要吸烟; a patient against drinking alcohol建议患者不要
34、饮酒advocate vt. 提倡,主张,拥护v.+n. banning cigarette smoking in public places 主张在公共场所禁烟; diligence and thrift提倡勤俭节约; an opinion 主张一种观点; a theory 主张一个理论 adv.+v. firmly 坚决主张;openly 公开主张;passionately(warmly) 热烈拥护;strongly 竭力主张affect vt. 影响adv.+v. adversely (unfavorably) 不利地影响;considerably (greatly, significa
35、ntly, strongly) 极大地影响;deeply (profoundly) 深刻地影响;directly 直接影响;indirectly 间接影响;seriously(severely) 严重影响;unconsciously 不知不觉地影响 afford vt. 1.买得起,担负得起 2.提供,给予v.+n. a clue 提供线索; the expense 出得起费用; grain 出产粮食; a holiday 有钱去度假; an opportunity 提供机会; pleasure 带来快乐; the price 出得起价钱; satisfaction带来满足; the time
36、 抽得出时间; tuition 负担得起学费; a beautiful view 展现美景aggravate vt. 加重,加剧,时恶化 v.+n. sb.s anxiety 使某人更加焦虑; ones crime 加重罪行; a difference 加重分歧; a disease 加重病情; the declining economy 使经济进一步走下坡路; poverty 加剧贫困; 7a problem 加重问题; the already serious shortage of food 使业已严重的粮食短缺问题更加突出; the situation 使局势恶化 agreement n
37、. 1.协定,协议,契约 2.同意 3.一致,感情融洽v.+n. adhere to an 恪守协议;arrive at (come to, conclude, enter into, reach) an 达成协议;break(breach, violate) an 破坏协议;carry out an 执行协议; express ones 表示同意;produce an 取得一致意见;sign an 签订协议;tear up an 撕毁协议;terminate an 中止协议 adj.+n. binding 有约束力的协议;bilateral 双边协议; mutual 双方同意;prior 事
38、先同意;unanimous 一致同意;verbal 口头协议aid n. 帮助,援助,救助 v.+n. extend(furnish, give, offer, provide, render) 提供帮助;implore (request, solicit) 请求帮助;obtain 获得援助;receive 接受援助;seek 寻求帮助;withdraw 撤消援助; adj.+n. economic 经济援助;financial 财政援助;foreign 外国援助;generous 慷慨救助;mutual 互相帮助;emergency 紧急援助;humanitarian 人道主义援助;inte
39、rnational 国际援助;legal 法律援助;medical 医疗援助; prompt 迅速的援助;substantial 大量的帮助;timely 及时的援助aim n. 1.目标,目的,意图 2.瞄准,对准vt. 1.把瞄准,把对准 2.使针对,使旨在vi. 1.瞄准,对准 2.打算,企图 3.致力,旨在v.+n. accomplish(achieve, fulfill, reach, realize) an 实现目标;divert ones 转移目标;miss ones 没有达到目标;pursue ones 追求目标;work for(toward) ones 为目标而努力adj.
40、+n. chief (major, main) 主要目标;consistent 始终如一的目标; general 总体目标;immediate 眼前的目标;joint 共同目标;lofty 远大目标; long-term 长远目标;noble 高尚的目标; primary 首要目标; short-term 短期目标;single-mind 一心一意的目标;specific 具体目标; ultimate 最终目标alleviate vt.减轻,缓解,缓和v.+n. a crisis 缓和危机; a disaster 减轻灾情; pain 减轻疼痛; unemployment 缓和失业状况; so
41、rrow 缓解忧愁; symptoms 缓解症状alter vt. 改变,改动,变更v.+n. an attitude 改变态度; ones mind 改变主意; a mistake 更正错误; a policy 改变政策; a shirt 改衬衫adv.+v. dramatically(radically, substantially) 大幅改变;fundamentally 根本性改变; irreversibly 不可逆转地改变;slightly 略有改动ambiguous adj. 引起歧义的,模棱两可的,含糊不清的adj.+n. answer(reply)含糊其辞的回答; positio
42、n 暧昧的立场; sentence 意义模糊的句子; statement 模棱两可的话8ambition n. 1.抱负,雄心 2.渴望得到的东西v.+n. achieve(attain, fulfill, realize) an 实现抱负;cherish(entertain, harbor, nurse ) an 怀有抱负;frustrate (thwart) sb.s 使某人的抱负受挫adj.+n. burning (fierce, strong)强烈的抱负;driving 使人奋发向上的抱负;frustrated 受挫的抱负;high 远大的抱负;noble 崇高的志向;politica
43、l 政治抱负;unrealized 没有实现的抱负 n.+prep. for 例: for fame and fortune 追逐名利的渴望; for power 对权利的渴望amend vt.修改,修订,改进v.+n. ones behavior 改正行为; the U.N. Charter 修改联合国宪章; the law 修改法律; a rule 修改规则; spelling 改正拼写错误; ones ways 改过自新 ample adj. 1.足够的 2.宽敞的,面积大的adj.+n. lawn 大草坪; opportunities 充足的机会; proof 足够的证据; reaso
44、n 充分的理由; resources 丰富的资源; room 足够的空间analysis n. 分析adj.+n. careful(close ) 仔细的分析; clarifying 清晰的分析;comprehensive (thorough) 全面的分析;deep(profound) 深刻的分析;detailed 详细的分析;in-depth 深入的分析;insightful 见解深刻的分析;logical 符合逻辑的分析;minute(subtle) 细致的分析;objective 客观的分析; penetrating 鞭辟入里的分析; precise 精确的分析;preliminary
45、初步的分析;qualitative 定性分析;quantitative 定量分析;rough 粗略的分析;shallow 肤浅的分析;systematic 系统的分析;tentative 试探性的分析 angry adj. 生气的,愤怒的adj.+n. criticism 愤怒的批评; look 愤怒的表情; wave 惊涛骇浪; wind 狂风; words 愤怒的话语 adv.+adj. doubly 更加愤怒;furiously 狂怒的;insanely 愤怒得要发疯;righteously 义愤填膺;strangely 莫名其妙地生气 adj.+prep. about(at, over
46、) 例: about sb.s rudeness 对某人的粗鲁感到生气; at being treated unfairly 因受到不公平待遇而气愤 with 例: with an undisciplined child 对不守纪律的孩子生气annual adj. 每年的,年度的,一年一次的adj.+n. celebration 一年一度的庆典; meeting 年会; output 年产量; plant 一年生植物; prize 年度奖项; rainfall 全年降雨量; report 年度报告; reunion 一年一度的团聚; salary 年薪 anticipate vt. 1.预期,期望,预料 2.先于行动,提前使用v.+n. ones competitors 抢在竞争对手之前; difficulty 预料到困难; the enemy 先发制敌; next months salary 提前支用下月工资; trouble 预料到麻烦adv.+