1、 序 言学习英文最常遇到的一个问题，便是词汇量不足。一个词汇量不足的人，在英文听、写、说各方面的能力都会受到严重的限制，因此往往无法适当地与英美人士沟通;在参加考试时，更经常因为看不懂题目，而不知从何作答。有鉴于此，我们特别为广大的英文读者编写了一系列的词汇丛书。从最基本的Vocabulary Fundamental，到足以应付留学考试之需的 Vocabulary 22000，循序渐进，为您扎实地打好词汇基础，无论您正在校求学或己步入社会，都会发现本来列书籍就是您苦寻已久，增强英文实力的最佳利器。学校老师更可采用本系列书籍作为辅助教材，以弥补平日上课内容之不足。一般均认为背单词是件既吃力、又往
2、往成效不彰的苦差事，因而总是望之却步。本系列书籍的问世恰可打破以上观念。以下列出词汇系列丛书的各项特点:1.以“课”为单元，容易安排学习进度也避免了背字典式学习方法的冗长与杂乱无章。2.每个单词均附有详细的国际音标、词性说明及中文解释。3.适当列出各单词的衍生词、同义词及反义词，以达到举一反三、事半功倍的效果。4.以例句说明单词的用法，各例句附有汉语译文，以便于参考。5.每一部分后均有习题，以加深时所学单词的印象;每一课后面附有效果检测，以评量对所学单词的理解程度，并增强活用单词的能力。词汇量的增加绝非一跳而就的，但是若能采用系统的方法，依旧可缩短增加词汇量所需的时间。因此，本系列丛书的读者，
3、只要按部就班，循序渐进，必可在最短的时间内，获得最大的成效。并请切记随时要活用所学的单词，惟有如此，这些词汇才会确确实实地成为你自己的。 Vocabulary Fundamental1.本书所列单词共计 1,300 个，加上各词的衍生词、同义词及反义词，则实际收录约3, 000 词，均为平时最常用、最容易接触到的单词。2.详细列出各词的国际音标、词性说明及中文解释，省却查宇典的麻烦。中文解释是以该词灵常用的意义为主，一词若有若干常用解释或词性，则一并列出。单词后面附有例句，以说明该词的用法;例句附有中文翻译，以便对照参考。3.每一课分为五个部分，以便于分段记忆。在课前有预备测验，每一部分之后有
4、习题，课后有效果检浏，可借助于重复测验来加深对单词的印象，并学习如何活用单词。4.本书共分为 24 课，建议进度为一天一课，如此便可在一个月内增加 3,000 个词汇。编者LESSON 1预备测验O 选出最适当的答案:1 .When water_，it is full of bubbles.(A) boils (B) freezes2 .Many people resort to the beaches in_weather.(A) cold (B) hot3 .Lets all cooperate to get the work done_.(A) quickly (B) slowly4 .
5、He was_because his name was omitted from the list.(A) invited (B) not invited5 .They put the blame for the_on the driver of the car.(A) success (B) accident解答 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B第一部分 Abroad.br:d adv.在国外 同 overseasHe lived abroad for many years;he knows several foreign languages.他在国外住了许多年，懂好几种外语。Affe
6、ct fekt v.影响The small amount of rain last year affected the growth of crops.去年雨量少，影响了作物的生长。Attend tend v.上(学); 参加 n.attendanceAll children over seven must attend school.七岁以上的小孩都得上学。Blame bleim n.责难 反 complimentI have done my best，neither praise nor blame can affect me now.我已尽了最大的努力，赞扬或责难现在都影响不了我。Bub
7、ble bbl n.气泡Children like to make bubbles with soap and water.孩子们喜欢用肥皂水做泡泡。Cemetery semitri n.墓地 同 graveyardThere are many tombs in the cemetery.墓地里有许多坟墓。commendation ,kmndein n.赞扬 同 praise 反 blameHe was given a commendation for bravery after he saved the little children from the fire.他从火灾中救出孩子们后，因为
8、勇敢可嘉而受到赞扬。conflict knflikt n.冲突;争斗 同 fight 反 reconciliationSome people think that there is a great deal of conflict between religion and science.有些人认为宗教与科学间有很大的冲突。cooperate kupreit v.合作 n.cooperation adj .cooperativeThe children cooperated with their teachers in keeping their classrooms clean。孩子们与老师
9、合作，保持教室清洁。 Curious kjuris adj.好奇的 同 inquisitiveI am curious to know what my teacher said to my mother.我很好奇，想知道老师跟我母亲说了些什么。Exercise 1.1 从第一部分中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1 .The news of his mothers death_him deeply.2. _is a place for burying the dead.3 .He is planning to go_next year for his study.4 .He doesnt_c
10、hurch very often.5 .If a child is_，he is always asking questions.解答 1. affected 2.cemetery 3 .abroad 4.attend 5.curious第二部分 delicious dilis adj.美味的 同 sweet-tastingWe had some delicious cakes after dinner.我们在晚饭后吃了一些美味的蛋糕。Direct direkt v.监督;指导 同 conduct, command 反 indirectThere was nobody to direct th
11、e workmen.没有人监督工人。Draw dr: v.拉 同 drag, haulDraw your chair nearer to the table.把你的椅子往桌子这儿拉近一点。Empire empai n.帝国 同 RealmThe United States was once a part of the British Empire.美国曾一度是大英帝国的一部分。eventIvent n.事件 同 accident, happeningThe discovery of America was a great event.发现美洲是一件大事。Failure feilj n.失败 反
12、 successSuccess came after many failures.成功在多次的失败之后到来。File fail n.文卷档 v.归档Please put these letters in the main file。请将这些文件放入文卷总档中。The secretary filed the cards in order，秘书将卡片依序归档。Frank frk adj.坦白的 同 candid, honest 反 deceitful, dishonestHe was frank to admit that he hadnt studied the lesson.他坦白承认没有学习
13、那一课。Generate denreit v.产生 同 produce, makeWe know that heating water Can generate steam.我们知道将水加热可以产生蒸汽。Halt h:lt v.停止前进The soldiers halted for a rest.士兵们停止前进，以休息片刻。Exercise 1.2 从第二部分中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1.Her graduation from college was a(n) _I did not want to miss。2 .What_food you have cooked3 .The pic
14、nic was a_ because it rained.4 .If you want my_opinion, I dont think the plan will succeed.5 .The company_operations during the strike.解答1.event 2.delicious 3.failure 4.frank 5.halted第三部分Horn h:n n.角A goat has two horns on its head.山羊的头上有两只角Individual ,individjul adj.个别的 n.个人 同 personA teacher cant
15、give individual attention if his class is large.如果班上的人数众多，老师就不能个别地注意到每一个学生。The interests of society are more important than the interests of the individual.社会利益比个人利益要重要得多。 Internal int:nl n.(时间的)间隔There is a long interval before he replied.他隔了很长的一段时间才回答。Knot nt n.绳结The knots of your package must be
16、tied tightly你包裹上的绳结必须扎紧。Liberal librl adj .1.自由主义的 2.通才的 反 professionalHe is liberal in his view on government.他对政体的看法是属于自由主义的。They want their child to have a liberal education.他们要他们的孩子接受通才教育。Magnificent mgnifisnt adj.华丽的 同 grand, splendid n .magnificenceThe king was wearing a magnificent gold crown
17、。国王戴着华丽的金冠。mentalmentl adj.心理的 反 physicalKeeping mental health is very important in modern society。在现代社会中，保持心理健康是非常重要的。momentary mmn,teri: adj.暂时的 同 transient 反 everlastingHer feeling of danger was only momentary;it soon passed.她的危险感只是暂时的，很快就消失了。Neutral nju:trl adj.中立的He remained neutral in the argu
18、ment between his two friends.他在两个朋友的争辩中，保持中立。Omit umit v.遗漏，删除He made many mistakes in spelling by omitting letters。他因漏掉字母而犯了许多拼写上的错误。Exercise 1.3 从第三部分中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1 .We did not think that you would come here, because your name was_from the list.2 .The judge in a court must be_in a trial.3 .Ea
19、ch_leaf on the tree is different.4 .There is a(n) _of a week between Christmas and New Years Day.5 .There are probably as many kinds of_illnesses as there are kinds of physical illnesses.解答1.omitted 2.neutral 3 .individual 4.interval 5.mental第四部分Peacock pi:,kk n.孔雀A peacock can fly only a short dist
20、ance.孔雀只能飞很短的距离。Pioneer ,painin.先驱者 同 forerunnerJohn Glenn was a pioneer in space travel.约翰葛伦是太空旅行的先驱者。pray prei v.祈祷I will pray to God for your safe return我会向上帝祈祷你的平安归来。 Pronounce prnauns v.1.读的音 n.pronunciation2.宣告 n .pronouncementThe teacher pronounced each word slowly.老师把每一个字的音都读得很慢。The doctor p
21、ronounced that the was dead.医生宣告那个男人死了。Race reis n .1.种族 2.比赛There are mainly three kinds of races in the world:the white race，the black race and the yellow race.世界上有三个主要的种族:白种人，黑种人和黄种人。Please tell me which horse won the race.请告诉我哪一匹马赢得了比赛。Relative reltiv n.亲戚 adj.相对的 反 absoluteHe has many relatives
22、 in the United States.他在美国有很多亲戚。East is a relative term, for example, France is east of England but west of Italy.东方是个相对的名词，譬如说，法国在英国的东方，却在意大利的西方。Resort riz:t v.1.常去 2.求助When we were high school students, we resorted to the restaurant.我们上高中时，常去那家餐馆。He always resorted to asking his friends for money。
23、他总是向朋友借钱。rubrb v.摩 ;擦He rubbed his hands together to warm up.他摩擦双手以取暖。Shadow du n.阴暗处 同 shadeHe walked along in the shadows hoping no one would recognize him.他沿着阴暗处走，希望没有人会认出他。Situation ,sitjueinn.情势 同 condition, caseIm in a difficult situation and I dont know what to do.我处在困境中，不知道该怎么办。exercise 1.4
24、从第四部分中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1.People of many_settled in the United States.2 .My uncle is my nearest_3 .With the light behind him, his_could be seen on the wall.4 .The doctor is regarded as a(n) _in operating human hearts.5 .There is nothing we can do now but_to God for help.解答1.races 2 .relative 3 .shado
25、w 4 .pioneer 5 .pray第五部分 Sore s: adj.疼痛的 同 aching, painfulHis sore leg made walking difficult.腿部疼痛令他举步维艰。Spread spred v.覆盖;铺(桌面)His sister spread a cloth on the table.他的姐姐把一块桌布铺在桌上。Stomaach stum n.胃It is unwise to swim on a full stomach。饱腹时游泳是不明智的。 Suitcase sju:tkeis n.手提箱He took two suitcases with
26、him on the trip.他旅行时带着两个手提箱。talenttlnt n.天才The girl has a talent for music. 那女孩有音乐的天才。Throne run n.王位He was only 15 years old when he came to the throne他登基时只有 15 岁。Transfer trnsf: n.调职trnsf: v.转移He has asked for a transfer to another job他已要求调职。The football player is hoping to transfer to another tea
27、m soon.该足球队员希望不久以后能调到另一队。Usage ju:zid n.使用Machines soon wear out under rough usage机器使用不小心很快就会磨损。Rowel vaul n.元音字母 反 consonantThe vowels in the English language are reprerented by a, e, i, o, u and, sometimes, y.英文中的元音字母以 a, e, i, o,u 为代表，有时再加上 y.Withdraw widr:v.缩回;撤销He quickly witjtdrew his hand fro
28、m the hot stove.他迅速地把手从热火炉上缩回。Exercise 1.5 从第五部分中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1. _are more difficult to pronounce than consonants.2.It is not wise to work on an empty_。3 .The general decided to_the troops from the present position4 .The boy showed a real_for painting.5 .This farm has been_from father to son for
29、 generations. 解答1.Vowels 2.stomach 3.withdraw 4.talent 5.transferred效果检测Exercise 1.6 找出一个与其他三个不相关的词:_1.(A) compliment (B) commendation (C) approach (D) praise_2.(A) attend (B) draw (C) haul (D) drag_3.(A) candid (B) curious (C) frank (D) honest_4.(A) interval (B) omit (C) break (D) pause_5.(A) splen
30、did (B) neutral (C) magnificent (D) grand_6.(A) race (B) situation (C) condition (D) case_7.(A) aching (B) painful (C) delicious (D) sore_8.(A) conflict (B) event (C) struggle (D) fight_9.(A) obey (B) command (C) conduct (D) direct_10.(A) happening (B) event (C) incident (D) pioneer解答1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B
31、 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.DExercise 1.7 找出一个与题前中文意思相同的单词:_1.影响(A) conflict (B) cooperate (C) affect (D) attend_2.责备(A) blame (B) responsibility (C) stomach (D) talent_3.美味的(A) incurious (B)delicious (C) dull (D)candid_4.先驱者(A) bubble (B) consonant (C) peacock (D)pioneer_5.亲戚(A) neutral (B) relative (C
32、) uncle (D)resort解答1.C 2 .A 3 .B 4 .D 5 .BExercise 1.8 找出一个与斜体词的意义相反的单词:pliment (A) conflict (B) blame (C) success (D) failure2.indifferent (A) delicious (B) dull (C) curious (D) magnificent3.deceitful (A) dull (B) grand (C) neutral (D) frank4momentary (A) everlasting (B) transient (C) liberal (D) i
33、mportant5.withdraw (A) haul (B) draw (C) advance (D) cooperate解答1.B 2.C 3 .D 4 .A 5 .CExercise 1.9 完整拼出下列句中所欠缺的单词:1 .Although he was a f_e at school, he became a successful man latex.(失败者)2 .He was so c_s to know what was in the Letter that heopened it, even though it was addressed to his sister .(好
34、奇的)3. Will you be quite f_k with me about this matter?(坦白的)4 .In their school they have an i_1 of ten minutes for recess.(间隔的时间)5 .The police watched the cafe to which the robber was known to r_t.(常去)解答】1.failure 2.curious 3.frank 4.interval 5.resortExercise 1.10 找出一个与句中斜体词的意义最接近的单词:_1 .Steam can ge
35、nerate electricity by turning an electric generator。(A) change (B) produce (C) stop (D) spread_2 .He earned high commendatian from the people for his bravery.(A) reward (B) pride (C) praise (D) consideration_3 .The policeman halted the speeding car to see if the driver was drunk.(A) stopped (B) foun
36、d (C) chased (D) caught_4 .I have a sore throat from cold.(A) strong (B) weak (C) clear (D) painful_5 .I will show you the magnificent palace of the king.(A) grand (B) ancient (C) dull (D) colorful解答】1. B 2 .C 3 .A 4 .D 5 .ALESSEN 2预备测验0 选出最适当的答案:1 .The rider cursed his_horse.(A) great (B) bad2 .An
37、absolute ruler can do just as_.(A) people tell him (B) he pleases3 .There is usually a ceremony when a new building is_.(A) opened (B) destroyed4 .The_was sent to him by freight.(A) letter (B) box5 .The peak of the roof is the_part of the house.(A) highest (B) lowest解答 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A第一部分 Absolu
38、te bslju:t adj.绝对的He is a man of absolute honesty.他是个绝对诚实的人。Agency eidnsi n.经销处The Ford Company has agencies ail over the country福特公司在全国都有经销处。 Attitude titju:d n.态度He took a sympathetic attitude toward my situation.他对我的境遇抱同情的态度。blankblk adj.空白的 同 emptyPlease write your name in the blank space at the
39、 top of the page.请把你的名字写在此页上端的空白处。bulk blk n.堆; 容量 同 volumeA vast bulk of coal is still stored in the basement.地下室中仍储有大量的煤堆。ceremony serimni n.典礼Their marriage cetemony was performed in the church.他们的结婚典礼在教堂举行。Commerce km:s n.贸易 adj .commercial 同 tradeOur country has grown rich because of its commer
40、ce with other nations.我国由于与别国间的贸易而致富。Confuse knfju:z v.混淆 n.confusion 同 embarrass,puzzleEven their own mother sometimes confused the twins.即使是双胞胎自己的母亲，有时候也会把两个孩子搞混。Copper kp n.铜Copper is easily shaped into thin sheet or fine wire铜易于塑成薄板或细丝。Curse k:s v.诅咒He cursed the poor waitress who had spilled so
41、up on him.他咒骂那个把汤倒在他身上的可怜女招待。Exercise 2.1 从第一部分中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1 .He stood there in a threatening_.2._ is an excellent conductor o# heat and electricity。3 .He_when a car almost hit him.4 .Long ago some rulers had_ power5 .If you try to learn too many things at the same time you may get_解答1.attitud
42、e 2.Copper 3.cursed 4.absolute 5.confused第二部分Delight dilait n.娱乐;愉快 同 pleasureMoving pictures give great delight to millions of people.电影娱乐了数以百万的人们。Disappear ,dispi v.消失The little boy disappeared around the corner那小男孩在街角处消失。Driftdrift n .v.漂流The boat was taken out to sea by the drift of the tide.小船被
43、潮流冲到外海。Employ impli v.雇用That big factory employs many workers那家大工厂雇用了许多工人。evidence evidns n.证据 adj .evident adv .evidentlyWhen the police arrived, he had already destroyed all the evidence.当警察到达时，他已毁掉了所有的证据。faculty fklti n.l.能力 2.(大学等的 )教职员John has the faculty to learn languages easily。约翰有迅速学会语言的能力。
44、That will be discussed in the next faculty meeting.那将会在下一次的教职员会议上讨论。Financial fainnl adj.经济上的 n.financeBefore he decided to study abroad, he has to solve financial problems。在他决定出国读书前，必须先解决经济上的问题。Freight freit n.货物 同 CargoThis aircraft company deals with freight only;it has no travel service.这家航空公司只经
45、营货运，而没有旅游服务。Generous denrs adj.慷慨的 n.generosityIt was very generous of them to share their meal with their poor neighbors.他们愿意让贫苦的邻人共享餐食，甚为慷慨。handyhndi adj.便利的 同 convenientThere were handy shelves near the kitchen sink.厨房的水槽边有便利的架子。Exercise 2.2 从第二部分中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1.He was very_in his treatment o
46、f the captives.2.He has a great_for arithmetic.3.The city of London is a great_center in Europe.4.The steel manufacturing company_most of the young men in town.5 .This_must be carefully handled when loading. 解答1. generous 2. faculty 3.financial 4.employs 5.freight第三部分Horriblehrbladj.可怕的 n .horrorI h
47、ave never seen such a horrible car accident.我从未见过如此可怕的车祸。Industrious indstri:sadj .勤劳的An industrious student usually has good grades.勤奋的学生通常有好成绩。Intimate intimit adj.亲密的 n.intimacy adv .intimatelyAlthough my brother knew many people, he had few intimate friends.虽然我兄弟认识许多人，但亲密的朋友却很少。Knowledge nlid n.了解;学识A baby has no knowledge of good and evil。婴儿不懂得善恶。Liberty libti n.自由They fought to defend their liberty against the inva
