1、1There be 句型用法归纳1. 定义：There be 句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2. There be 句型结构中的 is/are 的选择：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点/ 时间状语.(2) There are +复数名词+地点/时间状语. there 是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词 be 要与某人或某物的数保持一致。当 be 后是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的第一个名词一致即采用就近原则。eg. There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 There is
2、 a teacher and many students in our classroom. There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 3. 句式转换：(1)肯定句：There is/are +名词/sb. + 地点/时间状语(2)否定句：There is/are +not + 名词/sb. + 地点/时间状语There be 句型的否定式的构成和含有 be 动词的其它句型一样，在 be后加上 not 即可。例如： There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on
3、the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. (3)：一般疑问句 : Is / Are there+名词/sb. + 地点/时间状语?There be 句型的一般疑问句变化是把 be 动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可，此为“ 调整法 “。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有 some 时，要将 其改为 any（否定变化也一样） 。看看下面两句是如何“改头换面“ 的吧： There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There
4、 are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water? (4)：特殊疑问句 There be 句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下两种变化： 对名词/sb.提问：用“Who/What + is +介词短语? “注意：无论原句的名词是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用 be 的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 对地点
5、状语提问：疑问词+ is / are+名词/sb.?例如： 2There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 4. there be 结构的时态there be 结构有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。如：There was a sport meeting in the playground yesterday. There will be (=There is going
6、to be) a new film show on Monday. There is to be a concert at the school hall. 学校礼堂有场音乐会。There have been a lot of accidents round here. 这里已经发生多起事故了。He told me that there had been an argument between them. 他告诉我们之间发生了一场争论。There will have been a definite result by Friday. 到星期五前就已经有明确的结果There must be a
7、mistake somewhere. 一定在什么地方有错误。There must have been a rain last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下了雨，因为地是湿的。5. there be 结构的变体该结构中，有时 be 还可以被 live, lie, stand, happen, come, go 等动词代替。如：Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一个老人。There seems little doubt that he is in
8、sane. 似乎没有多少疑问他的神经不正常。6. there be 的固定句型There be +名词或代词+to do (+介词) 有某事要做There be + some/no+ trouble/difficulty ( in) doing sth/with sth. 做某事(没)有困难There be + some/no + doubt about/as to sth / that 对某事(没)有疑问There is no sense/use/good/point (in) doing sth 做某事没有道理/用处/ 好处/意义There is no need (for sb.) to
9、do sth/that (某人)做某事没有必要There is no chance/possibility to do sth/of doing sth./that 没有做某事的机会/可能性There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争辩。There is a time when.有做某事的一段时间There besb.doing sth. 地点/时间状语 “有某人在做某事 ”例如：There are several children swimming in the river. 河里有几个孩子在游泳There is something wrong with7.The
10、re be 句型与 have 的区别：(1) 用法不同： there be 表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物，而 have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物，作宾语的某人或某物属主语所有。(2) 结构不同：there be + sb./sth. +时间/地点(副词或介词短语) ；sb./sth. + have +sb./sth. 3There are some children in the garden.花园里有几个孩子。She has three cars. 她拥有三辆汽车。 (汽车是属于她的)注：若是部分与整体关系时，有时用两种表达方式都可以。如：A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。
