1、1译林牛津英语8A Unit One 诵读篇 August 2, 2016Friends一词组和短语1 一个诚实的男孩 an honest boy2 一个八年级的学生 a Grade 8 student3 一次写作比赛 a writing competition4 一则的广告 an advertisement for5 保密 keep secrets6 使我开心 make me happy7 分享我的快乐 share my joy8 遇到麻烦 be in trouble9 和我一样苗条 as slim as me10 一个我最好的朋友 one of my best friends11 对慷慨
2、be generous to 12 乐意做某事 be willing/ ready to do 13 给需要的人让座 give seats to people in need14 环游世界 travel around the world15 使他看起来聪明 make him look smart16 感到无聊 feel bored17 讲滑稽的笑话 tell funny jokes18 走过课桌 walk past the desk19 撞翻我的书 knock over my books20 想起我的好朋友 think of my good friends21 看一则广告 read an ad
3、vertisement22 一位忠实的朋友 an honest friend23 及肩的头发 shoulder-length hair24 做大量的电脑工作 do much computer work25 投票赞成某人 vote for sb.26 帮助有需要的人 help people in need27 课外活动 after-school activities28 尽力帮助他们 try to help them29 一名社会工作者 a social worker30 未来计划 future plans31 看起来爱好运动 look sporty32 搬迁到北京 move to Beijng
4、33 过来 come over34 想念我的老同学 miss my old classmates35 与交朋友 make friends with 36 给我一些忠告 give my some advice37 住在隔壁 live next door38 邀请某人做某事 invite sb to do 39 她微笑的眼睛 her smiling eyes40 面带微笑 wear a smile on ones face41 再来一些饮料 some more drinks42 一些喝的 something to drink43 任何时间 at any time44 在将来 in the futu
5、re45 对很了解 know sth. very well46 一个人坐着 sit alone47 认识某人 get to know sb.48 不如 not as as 49 在做某事上有困难 have problems doing sth.50 在某事上有困难 have problems with sth.51 适合某事 be suitable for 52 和某人分享某物 share sth with sb53 对某人友好 be friendly to sb54 十年前 ten years ago 55 解出数学题 solve the maths problem56 写信给某人 writ
6、e to sb 57 说某人的坏话 say a bad word about sb58 相信他说的话 believe what he said/ his words59 倾听人们的难题 listen to peoples problems60 帮助人们解决难题 help people solve their problems61 因为而出名 be famous for 62 作为而出名 be famous as63 有一个像艾伦那样的朋友have a friend like Alan64 在午餐期间 during lunch time65 同意做某事 agree to do 66 同意某人的意
7、见 agree with sb67 在左边的那个男孩 the boy on the left68 跑步最快的人 the fastest runner69 A 和 B 都 both A and B二重点句子及句型1 冰箱里没有别的东西。There is nothing else in the fridge.2 我不知道如何和我的同学交谈。I dont know how to talk to my classmates.3 你相信他所说的话吗？Do you believe what he said? 4 当他和我在一起的时候，我不感到无聊。I never feel bored when he is
8、 with me.5 她为人善良，从不说任何人的坏话。She is kind and never says a bad word about anyone.6 我的电脑没有他的电脑贵。My computer is not as expensive as his computer. =My computer is cheaper than his computer. =His computer is more expensive than my computer.7 我认为游泳没有远足有趣。I dont think swimming is as interesting as hiking.8 她
9、愿意倾听人们的问题并且帮助人们解决问题。She is willing to listen to peoples problems and help them solve the problems.9 我在我的新学校有麻烦。I have problems with my new school.10 凯特既是我最好的朋友也是我的邻居。Kitty is both my best friend and my neighbour.三语法21. 形容词的用法 2. 形容词的原级，比较级和最高级的用法。【知识点比对式解读】2. someone else someone elses something els
10、e something important something else important 3. some more food数字+more = another +数字 buy two more books= buy another two books eat one more apple = eat another applemany more+ 复数 many more students much more+不可数名词。 much more rice. many more 不可修饰形容词和副词， much more 可以修饰表示 “更加”。 much more expensive.贵得多
11、。 much more carefully 努力得 /仔细得多 much 修比较级 more more 配合形、副原极4. share sth with sb share my joy/sadness/happiness 必须用名词 share the same bed 同床共枕5. maybe 和 may be 可互换 He may be in the office.= Maybe he is in the office. You May be right = Maybe you are right. 6. help-helpful-helpless名词：need some help wit
12、h the help of 在的帮助下 get help 获得帮助 动词：help sb with sth = help sb (to) do sth help do(唯一两动词挨在一起的 )帮着做 形容词 helpful be helpful to sb.对某人很有帮助 help oneself to 意为“随便吃Help yourself to some fishcant/couldnt help doing sth 意为 “禁不住做某事”。 She cant help crying.她忍不住哭了。cant wait to do sth 迫不及待的做某事cant/couldnt help
13、to do 不能帮助做某事 仅仅情态句He knows nothing about it, so he cant help _ any of your work. A. doing B. to do C. being doing D. to be doneShe cant help _the house because shes busy making a cake. A cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned D. being cleaned7. honest-dishonest 8. care about 担心忧虑、担心 关心care for 喜欢喜爱意思= lik
14、e =be fond of 喜爱 =be willing to do sth=wish to do sth= like to do sthcare for 照看照顾-= take care of；look after 照顾 9. keep secrets =keep a secret 保守秘密 keep secrets for sb 为某人保密 keep secrets from sb 对某人保密 keep secrets to oneself 不将秘密说出去1)Remember! Keep all the secrets_ me. OK. Ill keep them _myself. Afo
15、r, to Bto, for Cfor, in Din, at2)Thanks the secret _ _me.I will keep the secret myself DA.to keep; for; for B.for keeping; to; to C.keeping;with;for D.for keeping; for; to E.for keeping; for; with F.keeping; for; to G.keeping; to;by H.for keeping; for; bythanks for 是标准感谢意思 thanks to 是因为由于的意思，和感谢无关Th
16、anks for your help. Thanks for telling me. Thanks to the English language,we can learn a lot from other countries.10. What makes good friends,Amy? What makes your friends so special?成为 使得make sb + adj. make sb happy / sad /worried /happy make her really pretty and kindmake sb do sth make sb laugh/ c
17、ry make him look smart make an excellent teacher 成为一名优秀的教师make friends with you make him a good husband 宾补 make him a good wife=make a good wife for him 双宾adj.特殊的, 特别的 a special friend of mine a special hospital special train 专车11. have problems /trouble with sth = have problems/trouble (in) doing s
18、th 在做某事方面有困难 3没宾语 sth 则 have problems /trouble to do(极易错)12. believe what he/she says = believe his / her words 相信他/她说的话believe 相信 I believe him=I believe what he says= believe his / her words 我相信他（的话） 。 believe in 信任 I believe in him=I trust him 13. tell a lie/tell lies 撒谎 注意 lie 和 lay 的动词词形的变化：1、2
19、 两行必须掌握！词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词躺 lie lay lain lying说谎 lie lied lied lying放置；产蛋 lay laid laid laying14. real 指客观上存在,并非想象和虚构的,它是与“无“ 相对而言 Lu Xuns real nametrue 是指 “真正的“,“真实的“,强调事实和实际情况相符 ,它是与“假“相对而言。The news is truetrue 还可以表示 “正确的”，real 没有这种用法。 Thats true.那很正确Its _nice of you to help him. You must speak A
20、 _ friend is a friend. what you said sounds _. Its cold today love should last for everIs it that youre going abroad for your holidays? A. true B. truly C. real D. really E. truly15. be generous /kind /polite/friendly to sb. 对某人慷慨大方/ 心善 /有礼貌/友好to sb 16 be ready to help people any time 任何时候愿意帮助别人anyt
21、ime 是副词，而 any time 中的 time 是名词。at any other time, at any spare time,at any suitable time.You can come anytime from Monday to Friday. 周一至周五你什么时间来都行。误 You can come to the doctors at anytime. 正 You can come to the doctors at any time.be ready to do sth 乐意做某事/ 准备做某事 be willing/ready to do sth/be glad to
22、 do sth 愿意做某事get ready to do sth 准备做某事 get ready for sth 为作准备 = prepare for sth17. knock.onto撞到.上面 knock down 撞倒 knock.off 从撞下来 knock at knock on 敲门18.say a bad word about anyone 说任何人的坏话 say bad things about sb 说关于某人的坏话19. 反身代词一些常用的固定搭配 look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself st
23、h. / learn sth. by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 help oneself to sth. 请自用（随便吃/ 喝些）hurt oneself 弄伤自己 say to oneself 自言自语 someones own bedroom = a bedroom of someones own on ones own 独自=by oneself1. Danny, can you do it by _? 2. Lily is old enough to look after _ now.3. Please help _ to the food,
24、Jenny and Brian. 4. They are enjoying _ in the park now.5. I want to go shopping. I want to buy _ a T-shirt. 20. almost 1.75 metres tall 大约 1.75 米高 = almost 1.75 metres in tallnessalmost one and a half inches long = almost an inch and a half in length人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单数 myself yourself himself herse
25、lf itself复数 ourselves yourselves themselves4How tall is.?=What is the tallness of How high is this building ?=What is the height of the building?The room is ten square metres in area .= have a size of ten square metresHow large is the room ?= What is the area of the room?The Sahara is about 9,600,00
26、0 square kilometers in size .= have an area of about 9,600,000 square milesHow large is the Sahara?= What is the size of the Sahara?对“重量”提问，用 how heavy、how much 、wha tThe elephant weighs 3 tons. How heavy is the elephant? = How much does the elephant weigh? 动词 weigh=What is the weight of the elephan
27、t? (形 heavy ;weigh 动weight 名)The pig weighs 80 kilos. How heavy is the pig? =How much does the pig weigh?=What is the weight of the pig? 21. worry about 动词 feel/be worried (about) 形容词 Dont be worried about me （形）.=Dont worry about me（动）You seem _. What are you_?Aworries; worrying about Bworry; worri
28、ed about C worried; worrying about Dworried; worry abouYou look _.What do you _? A. worry; worry about B. worry; worried about C. worried; worry about D. worried; worried about ( )22. congratulations to sb on sth. Good luck to sb. with sth. Good luck to you! Good luck with your English!介词等记忆：祝福从天降 o
29、n 好运伴随你：with讲笑话 tell jokes 开玩笑 make a joke play a trick on sb. = have a joke with sb.=make fun of sb play “trick or treat” with sb 和某人玩“trick or treat” 的游戏 play a trick on sb / play tricks on 对某人搞恶作剧 play a joke on sb/play jokes on sb 开某人的玩笑，戏弄某人 have a joke with sb 和某人开玩笑（相互意味重些）make fun of sb 取笑，嘲
30、笑某人 laugh at sb 大声嘲笑某人 make a fool of sb 愚弄某人 23. match sth. well go well with sth. A matches B=A and B match match 指的是服装之间搭配是否协调。fit 指 “尺寸、大小”是否符合人 suit 指“ 颜色、款式”是否合适风格 fit adj.适合的； 健康的 She is fit for the job. You look very fit. be fit for=be suitable for These toys are not suitable for children un
31、der five.24. 区分范围内比较和范围外比较 Tom is taller than any other boy in his class. Tom is taller than the other boys in his class. （范围内）Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan. Shanghai is bigger than all the cities in Japan. （范围外）比较级+and+比较级， taller and taller, more and more beautiful the+比较级，the+比较级，越,就越
32、. The more, the better 越多越好 one of+形容词最高级+名词复数 One of the longest rivers 比较等级简略版一、概念 英语中大多数形容词和副词都有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。原级即原形；比较级表示“较”， “更”；最高级表示“ 最”。比较级还是最高级的使用和人数多少不一定完全有关，阵营、派别如何化分的需要（例：很多人分成两拨比较） 语气强调上的需要语言表达的不刻板需要（三种可以互相置换） 语法构成上的特殊要求总之要正确表达出作者的真实意愿。少数形容词和副词因为本身意思或者自身就是最高程度，绝对状态，无法比较，只有原形5如 right wr
33、ong , woolen empty dead black 和 white 极致颜色 blindsouth 南方的，向南方地 north 北方的，向北方地 excellent 杰出的 complete 完全的二、比较级和最高级的单词变化构成有以下几种情况比较级和最高级的单词规则型变化，又分两种情况：情况 单音节和少数双音节的规则变化 一般是比较级加-er，er 发-；最高级加-est，-est 发-ist。直接在词尾加-er, -est 。 如 talltallertallest; longlongerlongest 原词以 e 结尾时直接加-r, -st。 如 nicernicernices
34、t; finefinerfinest以“辅音字母+ y” 的，变 y 为 i 再加-er, -est。 如 easyeasiereasiest earlyearlierearliest; funnyfunnierfunniest drydrierdriestheavy-heavier-heaviest busybusierbusiest有些需要双写最后一个辅音字母再加-er, -est 。背口诀吧：胖瘦大热红伤湿才显得苗条fatfatter, fattest thinthinnerthinnest bigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest redredder, red
35、dest sadsadder, saddest wetwetter, wettest slimslimmerslimmest情况 多音节和一少部分双音节的变化规则 比较级是在原形前加 more；最高级是在原形前加 most。如： interestingmore interestingmost interesting beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifuldifferentmore differentmost different importantmore importantmost importantdifficultmore difficultmost d
36、ifficult deliciousmore deliciousmost deliciouspopular-more popular【特别容易错误的】双音节 usefulmore usefulmost useful slowlymore slowlymost slowly少数单音节单词，特别是分词形容词，须在前面加 more 变为比较级，(the) most 变为最高级。fondmore fondmost fond pleasedmore pleasedmost pleased tiredmore tiredmost tired glad more glad most glad bored m
37、ore bored most bored pleased more pleased most pleased 兼而有之型：有些单词的比较级或最高级有两种形式，如：clevercleverer/more clevercleverest/most clever ableabler/more ableablest/most ablenarrownarrower/more narrownarrowest/most narrow oftenoftener/more oftenoftenest/most often friendlyfriendlier/more friendly friendliest
38、/ most friendly clevercleverer /more clever cleverest/most cleverstrictstricter/more strict strictest /most strict 比较级和最高级的单词非规则型变化 口诀：多少好坏老远后跟可数不可数的形容词多：many/much more most 后跟不可数的形容词少 little(少的) lessles leastli:st形容词或副词的好：good/well better best 形容词或副词的坏：bad/badly/ill worsew:s worstw: st年龄大或物品旧直接变化：o
39、ld older oldest 成员年龄长幼 old elder eldest表示距离时、两者皆可 far further=farther(较远的), farthest=farthest(最远的)表示程度，使用非规则变 further 表示“更进一步的（地） ”，furthest 表示“最大程Her (old) brother is one year （old）than me. China is one of the four （old country）. Nancys home is from the school than Toms. And Davids home is (最远)We w
40、ill go into the question. 我们将进一步研究这个问题。 get information 三、形 容词的比较等级常见句型 (注意后者的主格代词、宾格代词、名词) A=B A+ V + as + adj./adv. + as + B （与.一样）He is as tall as I/ as me. / as I am.他和我一样高。 He is as good a teacher as his father / his father (is)他和他的父亲一样是个好教师。He draws as well as the teacher./ as the teacher (doe
41、s). 他和老师画得一样好。6 A B A + V + not + as/so + adj./adv. + as + B （与.不一样）They didnt do as/so much work as you did. 他们干得事没有你多。Ive never seen as/so old a car as this.我从来没有见过像这样旧的车。 A B 或 A ）Tom is two years older than his brother. 汤姆比他的弟弟大两岁。Our classroom is bigger than theirs. 我们的教室比他们的大。 表示倍数 A is three(
42、four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.=A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.=A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.两倍。This room is _ as big as that one. =This room is _bigger than that one= This river is twice longer than that one. = = This
43、room is twice larger than that one. = = He runs three times faster than Jack. = = Your school is three times bigger than ours.= = 表示程度的递增 比较级+ and+比较级 (越来越 ) 别忘记了多音节和一些双音节单词的比较级The days are getting shorter and shorter.白天变得越来越长了。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家变得越来越美了。Our life is
44、 better and better. You look more and more beautiful. 表示两种情况同时变化 The+比较级+主语+ V + ，the+ 比较级+主语+ V + (越越) The more he gets,the more he wants.他越来越贪.The more she learns,the more she wants to learn.她越学越想学.The harder he worked,the more he got.他工作越努力,得到的就越多The higher the ground is, the thinner air becomes.
45、The more we get together, the happier well be.=If we get together more, well be happier.我们聚得越多，我们就越高兴。The harder you study, the better youll be at English.= If you study h arder, youll be better at English.你学习越努力，你的英语成绩越好。 主语+ be + the+ 最高级 + n.(pl.) + in/of (是最之一) John is the tallest of the student
46、s. 比较：John is the tallest in the class. China is the largest of the countries. 比较：China is the largest in the world. 同类范畴 of 非同类（集合名词）inTom studies hardest of all the girls in our class. Tom 是我们班学习最用功的学生之一。最高级：还可以 Of / among of 或 in Who/Which 比较级 ,A or B? 两者或两类比较Who/Which 最高级 A ,B or C ? 句中，表示三者或三者以上比较Who is taller, Mike or Bob? =Which( one )of them is taller, Mike or Bob?Who is the tallest, Mike, Bob or John?= Which (one) of them is the tallest, Who is the tallest, Mike, Bob or John?Which runs faster,a car or a train?
