1、第二部分 读写能力提升 专题十三 完形填空,中考英语 (河北专用),Cloze 1(2018河北)Once there was a king and his daughter. The king asked his daughter how much she loved him. She said that she loved him as much as she loved 1 . Her answer made the king very hap- py. Salt is a simple thing, 2 it is very important. So the king thought
2、 his daughter cared a lot about him.Salt has many 3 . Our bodies need salt. If we dont have enough, our bodies cant work properly. We put salt on icy roads to make them 4 . We also use salt to produce other products, like paper and glass. But for many years, salts most important job was to 5 food. L
3、ike other living things, most bacteria(细菌)need water to live. Salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria cannot live 6 a salty environment. As a result, salt protects food and many other things. For much of,A组 2014-2018年河北中考题组,五年中考,human history, this ability has made salt 7 . Every ancient cul
4、ture from Egypt to China depend- ed on salt. Even today, the hard-working, useful people are 8 as “the salt of the earth”.For centuries, salt was also hard to 9 . Its usefulness, together with rarity(稀有)made it very expensive. Salt could even be used like 10 . In fact, the word salary(薪水)comes from
5、the word salt.Today, salt is used more widely and it still plays an important role in our life. 1.A.salt B.air C.gold D.sugar 2.A.or B.so C.and D.but 3.A.forms B.secrets C.uses D.skills 4.A.wide B.safe C.smooth D.thick 5.A.protect B.provide C.produce D.prepare 6.A.in B.outside C.for D.without 7.A.ho
6、peful B.comfortable C.valuable D.successful 8.A.saved B.dreamed C.invited D.described,9.A.sell B.get C.take D.keep 10.A.money B.medicine C.earth D.food,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。盐在我们的日常生活中应用得非常广泛,本文重点介绍了 盐在日常生活中的妙用和重要作用,同时也为大家介绍了英语中由于盐的重要性而衍生的俗 语。 1.A 由下文的“Salt is a simple thing.important.”可知本空是把爱父亲比喻成爱盐,故本空
7、 选择A。 2.D 由下文的“所以国王认为他的女儿非常在乎他。”可知本空应强调“盐虽然是很简单 的东西,但是却非常重要”,故本空选择D。 3.C A选项意为“形式”;B选项意为“秘密;秘诀”;C选项意为“用处;用途”;D选项意为 “技术;技巧”。本空所在句子为本段的中心句,本句下文内容陈述的是盐的用处,故本题选择 C。 4.B 句意:我们把盐撒在结冰的路面上来使公路安全。A选项意为“宽的”;B选项意为“安 全的”;C选项意为“光滑的;平稳的”;D选项意为“厚的”。由生活常识盐有助融作用可知 撒盐的目的是使公路安全,故本题选择B。,5.A 由下文的“As a result, salt prote
8、cts food and many other things.”可知本空选择A。 6.A 句意:盐吸收大量水分,所以大多数的细菌不能生存在含盐的环境中。由句意可知本题 选择A。 7.C 句意:在许多的人类历史中,这个能力使得盐非常有价值。A选项意为“有希望的”;B选 项意为“舒服的”;C选项意为“有价值的”;D选项意为“成功的”。由句意可知本题选择C。 8.D 句意:甚至到今天,那些勤劳的、有用的人被描述为“世上的盐(指善良而诚实的人)”。 A选项意为“救;节约;攒”;B选项意为“做梦”;C选项意为“邀请”;D选项意为“描述”。 由句意可知本题选择D。 9.B 句意:几个世纪以来,盐也非常难获
9、得。A选项意为“卖”;B选项意为“得到”;C选项意 为“带走”;D选项意为“保留,存放”。由句意和下文说的盐很贵可知本题选择B。 10.A 由下文的“事实上,薪水这个单词就来源于盐这个单词。”可知盐甚至可以被当作钱 一样去使用,故本题选择A。 长难句 She said that she loved him as much as she loved salt.她说她爱他就像她爱盐一样。 本句为复合句,其中that引导宾语从句,宾语从句中as.as.意为“和一样”。 重点词汇 simple adj.简单的;properly adv.正确地;ancient adj.古老的;depend on依靠;取
10、决于 词汇积累 icy adj.结冰的;usefulness n.有用,Cloze 2(2017河北)One thorn(刺) of experience is worth many times of warning.Ralph Wick was seven years old. In most things he was a fine boy, but he would cry from time to time. When he could not have what he wanted, he would 1 for it. If he was told that it would hu
11、rt him, and he could not 2 it, he would also cry.One day, he went with his mother into the 3 . The sun shone. The grass was cut. The flowers were starting to come out.Ralph thought he was, for once, a good boy. A 4 was on his face. He wished to do as he was told. Ralph helped his mother with the far
12、m work and he was very happy.“Now you must be tired and 5 ,” said his mother. “Have a good rest here and eat some cookies. I will get a beautiful red rose for you.” So his mother brought the red flower to him. When he saw his mother still had a white rose in her hand, Ralph 6 it.“No, my dear,” said
13、his mother. “See how many thorns it has. You must not touch it, or you would be sure to hurt your 7 .” When Ralph found that he could not have the white rose, he began to cry, and 8 took it away. But he was soon very sorry. The thorns hurt his hand. It was so 9 that he could not use it for some time
14、.,Ralph would never 10 this. From then on, when he wanted what he should not have, his moth- er would point to his hand which had been hurt before. He at last learned to do as he was told. 1.A.run B.cry C.plan D.call 2.A.save B.hide C.have D.lose 3.A.park B.garden C.forest D.field 4.A.smile B.sign C
15、.fear D.mark 5.A.lazy B.noisy C.hungry D.sleepy 6.A.waited for B.asked for C.cared for D.thanked for,7.A.arm B.leg C.hand D.foot 8.A.quietly B.proudly C.politely D.suddenly 9.A.helpful B.harmful C.peaceful D.painful 10.A.accept B.refuse C.forget D.remember,答案 语篇解读 本文为记叙文。本文讲述了一些刺让Ralph记住听大人的话的故事。 1.
16、B 由上文“but he would cry from time to time”可知此处在具体解释他什么时候会哭,故本 题选择B。 2.C 由上文“When he could not have what he wanted”以及下文“he would also cry”可知本 题选择C。 3.D 由下文“Ralph helped his mother with the farm work”可知他和他的妈妈去了可以干农 活的地方。park意为“公园”;garden意为“花园”;forest意为“森林”;field意为“田野,田 地”,故本题选择D。 4.A 结合上文“Ralph thought
17、 he was, for once, a good boy.”和下文“he was very happy”可 推断Ralph对自己的表现很满意,他的脸上挂着笑容,故本题选择A。 5.C 由下文妈妈的话“Have a good rest here and eat some cookies.”可知妈妈认为Ralph又累 又饿,故选择C。 6.B 句意:当他看到他妈妈手中仍然有一朵白色的玫瑰时,Ralph要它。wait for意为“等待”;,ask for意为“要”;care for意为“照看,照料”;thank for意为“感谢”,故本题选择B。 7.C 你千万不要触摸它,不然你一定会弄伤你的手。
18、拿玫瑰花肯定是用手,故本题选择C。 8.D 他开始哭,并且突然把它拿走。quietly意为“安静地”;proudly意为“骄傲地”;politely 意为“有礼貌地”;suddenly意为“突然”,根据语境可知本题选择D。 9.D 句意:它(那只手)如此疼,以至于他有一段时间不能用它。helpful意为“有帮助的”; harmful意为“有害的”;peaceful意为“和平的”;painful意为“疼痛的”。Ralph的手被玫瑰 花扎了,一定很疼,故选择D。 10.C 句意:Ralph永远都不会忘记这件事。accept意为“接受”;refuse意为“拒绝”;forget意 为“忘记”;reme
19、mber意为“记得”。由句意可知本题选择C。 长难句 From then on, when he wanted what he should not have, his mother would point to his hand which had been hurt before. 从那以后,当他想要他不应该拥有的东西时,他的妈妈会指着 他以前受过伤的手。本句为复合句。在when引导的时间状语从句中含有what引导的宾语从句,主句中又含有 which引导的定语从句。 重点词汇 field n.田,地,领域;painful adj.疼痛的;accept v.接受;refuse v.拒绝 词汇
20、积累 thorn n.刺,Cloze 3(2016河北,)Many of us enjoy watching animals in the world. But do you know they can teach us? Geese(雁), for example, teach a very good lesson about 1 . In the fall, Canada geese fly to the warm south to 2 Canadas cold winter. They lift off in no order. Yet 3 they form a V shape, wi
21、th one bird leading the group. This V shape allows geese to 4 energy. When the front bird moves its wings up and down, the resulting force of the air lifts the next one. This continues down the line. The bird 5 has the hardest job. When it gets 6 , it moves behind, and another bird moves into the le
22、ad. By sharing the role, the group can travel great distances. Geese flying in a V shape can fly 70 percent farther without 7 than birds flying alone. During the long flying journey, geese communicate with one another. They honk (鸣叫) to 8 the birds up front to keep up the speed. They also cheer each
23、 other up 9 working toward a,common goal. What have we learned from the lovely geeses experience and skills?10 together! Whether it is our personal lives or our jobs, we need other people. We need the spirit of teamwork! 1.A.experience B.success C.friendship D.teamwork 2.A.look for B.get away from C
24、.wait for D.walk away from 3.A.busily B.quickly C.bravely D.suddenly 4.A.save B.waste C.create D.lose 5.A.in front B.at the back C.in the middle D.on the left 6.A.bored B.tired C.hungry D.thirsty 7.A.rest B.sleep C.excuse D.result 8.A.lead B.lift C.teach D.encourage,9.A.until B.after C.while D.befor
25、e 10.A.Play B.Travel C.Live D.Work,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。描述了大雁南飞过冬时,它们以V形队列飞行,轮流带领队 伍前进,在飞行的过程中彼此鼓励,既节省力量又能飞得更远。大雁教给我们生动的一课:无论 是在生活中还是在工作中,我们都需要团队合作。 1.D 句意:例如,大雁教给我们关于团队合作的非常好的一课。由本文最后一句“We need the spirit of teamwork!”可知选D。 评析 这道题的四个选项都为名词,直到读到最后一段才能确定答案。这道试题最能体现做 完形填空的方法,即“先完成有把握的题,把难题和拿捏不准的试题留在后面,再结合
26、上下文和 语境去做题”。 2.B 句意:在秋天,加拿大雁飞往温暖的南方以躲避加拿大寒冷的冬季。look for寻找;get away from逃离;wait for 等待;walk away from从走开。故选B。 3.B 句意:然而,它们快速地形成V形,其中一只鸟带队。busily 繁忙地;quickly快速地;bravely 勇敢地;suddenly突然地。根据句意可知选B。 4.A save 节省;waste浪费;create创造;lose丢失。根据下文可知V形队列能够使大雁飞行时节 省力量,故选A。,5.A 由于上文指出当前面的鸟扇动翅膀时,形成的空气阻力托起下一只鸟,所以前面的鸟拥
27、 有最难的工作。故选A。 6.B 由于上文指出前面的鸟拥有最难的工作,所以此处是指当它疲惫时,它飞到后面,另一只 鸟挪到前面。故选B。 7.A without rest没有休息地,不停顿地。故选A。 8.D lead领导;lift举起;teach教授;encourage鼓励。大雁通过鸣叫鼓励同伴往前飞并保持速 度。故选D。 9.C while当时候,引导时间状语从句,故选C。 10.D 根据上下文可知本文强调团队合作,故选D。 长难句 Geese flying in a V shape can fly 70 percent farther without rest than birds fly
28、ing alone. 以V形飞行的大雁可以比独自飞行的大雁在不休息的情况下飞出远百分之七十的距离。 句中“flying in a V shape”和“flying alone”均为现在分词短语作后置定语。,Cloze 4(2015河北,) A teacher was giving a talk to his students on stress(压力) management.He raised a glass of water and asked them,“How 1 do you think this glass of water is?” The students began to th
29、ink and 2 .Their answers were different,from 20g to 500g. “It does not matter about the real 3 .It depends on how long you hold it.If I hold it for a 4 , it is OK.If I hold it for an hour,I will have an ache in my right arm.If I hold it for a day,you will have to call a 5 .It is the exact same weigh
30、t,but the longer I hold it,the heavier it becomes.What we have to do is to put the glass down, 6 for a while before holding it up again.” “If we carry our burdens (负担) 7 ,sooner or later,we will not be able to carry on.The burden will become increasingly heavier.We have to 8 the burden every now and
31、 then,so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on.” So 9 you return home from work tonight,put the burden of work down.Dont carry it back home.You can pick it up tomorrow. Whatever burdens you have,let them down for a moment if you can.And learn to 10 your- selves.,Life is short but amazing
32、.Enjoy it! 1.A.heavy B.full C.much D.long 2.A.read B.watch C.guess D.listen 3.A.glass B.weight C.water D.height 4.A.minute B.night C.day D.week 5.A.mother B.teacher C.doctor D.friend 6.A.rest B.shake C.look D.work 7.A.this time B.some other time C.next time D.all the time 8.A.give up B.put down C.pi
33、ck up D.think about 9.A.after B.since C.before D.until 10.A.save B.help C.care D.relax,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,通过一位老师列举的杯子里的水有多重取决于你拿了杯子 多久的例子告诉我们要学会给自己减压,学会放松自己才能更好地工作、学习。 1.A 根据下文from 20g to 500g可知此空是提问杯子中水的重量。故选择A。 2.C 由下文Their answers were different.可知在老师提出问题后,学生们开始思考和猜测,所 以他们的答案才会不同。由此可知选择C项。 3.B 句意:(
34、杯子里的水的)真正的重量不重要。weight意为“重量”。 4.A 由下文中hour和day可知此空应选择比hour小的时间单位,故选择A项。 5.C 由上文拿着那个杯子一个小时右胳膊就会疼可知如果拿着杯子一天,肯定得打电话叫医 生了。故选择C项。 6.A 句意:我们必须做的是放下杯子,在再一次把它拿起来之前休息一会儿。根据句意可知 选择A项。 7.D 句意:如果我们一直带着负担,我们迟早会坚持不下去。根据句意可知选择D项。 8.B 由下文的put the burden of work down可知B项正确。,9.C 由下文Dont carry it back home.可知选择C项。 评析
35、本题易错选A选项,意为“所以在你今晚下班回到家后,把工作的负担放下”。很多同 学将A选项代入空格后感觉很通顺,就迅速作出选择,而没有继续把剩余的选项分析完,就匆忙 去做下一题,最终导致错误的出现。正确思路:此题的关键句为“Dont carry it back home.”, 意为“不要把它带回家”。这就说明第九空所在句的句意为“所以在你今晚下班回到家之 前,把工作的负担放下”,故应选择C。 10.D 句意:要学会放松你们自己。根据句意可知D项正确。 长难句 We have to put down the burden every now and then,so that we can be r
36、efreshed and are able to carry on.我们必须偶尔放下负担以便我们能够恢复精神并且能够继续。 本句含有目的状语从句,so that意为“以便,为了”。every now and then 意为“偶尔,有时”。,Cloze 5(2014河北) Have you ever offered a helping hand to those who are in trouble? One day,two 1 were walking along the road to school when they saw an old woman carrying a large ba
37、sket of pears.They thought the woman looked very 2 .They went up to her and said, “Are you going to town?If you are,we will help carry your basket.” “Thank you,” 3 the woman,“you are very kind.You see Im weak and ill.”Then she told them that she was now going to the market to 4 the pears which grew
38、on the only tree in her lit- tle garden. “We are all going to the 5 ,”said the boys.“Let us have the basket.”And they took hold of it,one each side.They walked 6 with the heavy basket,but happily. The other day,I saw a little girl stop and 7 a piece of orange peel(皮),which she threw into the dustbin
39、(垃圾桶).“I wish 8 would throw that on the sidewalk,”said she.“Someone may step on it and fall.” Perhaps some may say that these are not 9 things.That is right.But such a little thing shows that you have a thoughtful mind and a feeling heart.We must not wait for the 10 to do great things. We must begin
40、 with little things of love.,1.A.boys B.girls C.men D.women 2.A.bored B.tired C.pleased D.surprised 3.A.asked B.told C.replied D.spoke 4.A.bring B.buy C.take D.sell 5.A.town B.market C.garden D.school 6.A.weakly B.quickly C.slowly D.quietly 7.A.take out B.cut off C.put down D.pick up 8.A.nobody B.ev
41、erybody C.somebody D.anybody 9.A.little B.good C.great D.bad 10.A.pay B.time C.advice D.love,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章,讲述了两个男孩帮助一位老妇人提果篮和一位小 女孩捡果皮的故事,告诉人们帮助别人应从小事做起。 1.A 由下文第四段中的“said the boys”可知。 2.B 由前句中的“a large basket of pears”及后文中要去帮助她,可知答案为B项。 3.C ask问,请求;tell告诉;reply回答;speak讲。根据上下文可知答案为C项。 4.D 由句意
42、可知她去市场卖梨,故答案为D项。 5.A 根据上文的“Are you going to town?”可知用town,故答案为A项。 6.C 由设空后的heavy可知应用slowly(慢慢地),故答案为C项。 7.D take out取出;cut off切除;put down放下;pick up捡起。根据下文可知答案为D项。 8.A 句意:我希望没有人在人行道上扔果皮。故答案为A项。 9.C 句意:也许一些人会说这些不是伟大的事情。great伟大的。 10.B 句意:我们不要等做伟大事情的时机。我们必须从做有爱心的小事开始。根据上下句 可知答案为B项。,长难句 Then she told the
43、m that she was now going to the market to sell the pears which grew on the only tree in her little garden.然后她告诉他们她现在去市场卖她家小花园里仅有的一棵梨 树上结的梨。 本句中that she was now going to the market to sell the pears which grew on the only tree in her lit- tle garden作told的宾语,是宾语从句,从句中动词不定式to sell the pears作目的状语,which
44、grew on the only tree in her little garden是定语从句,先行词为pears。,题组一 Cloze 1(2018北京) Real Solutions(解决方法) to Problems Thirty engineers were working as a team in a company. They were young and eager to learn. The management decided to teach them about finding real solutions to problems. One day, the team w
45、as called for a 1 in a hall. They were quite surprised and all reached the hall holding various 2 . As they entered, they found a box placed in the center, full of flat bal- loons. The manager asked everyone to pick a balloon and blow it up. Then they were asked to write their names on their respect
46、ive(各自的)balloons 3 so that the balloons wouldnt blow out. All tried, but not everyone was 4 . Five balloons blew out due to pressure(压力).,B组 2014-2018年全国中考题组,Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons were 5 out of the game. As a result, 25 engineers came to the next level. All the balloon
47、s carrying their names were 6 and then put in-,to a room, here and there. The engineers were told to pick the balloon with his or her name on. All the 25 engineers began to search for the respective balloons in a rush. It was almost 15 minutes but no one was able to 7 the right one. The second level
48、 of the game was over. Then came the final level. The engineers were asked to pick any balloon and give it to the person named on the balloon. Within a couple of minutes, all balloons 8 the hands of the respective engineers. The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem. Many times
49、 in our life, sharing and helping others give us real solutions to problems. 1.A.game B.show C.concert D.party 2.A.purposes B.suggestions C.thoughts D.plans 3.A.quietly B.carefully C.secretly D.clearly 4.A.honest B.ready,C.patient D.successful 5.A.checked B.helped C.ruled D.cheated 6.A.collected B.w
50、eighed C.tied D.cleaned 7.A.mark B.hide C.number D.find 8.A.freed B.reached C.lifted D.hit,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了一个公司的团队通过吹气球、找气球的游戏,最终获 得了解决问题的方法。在困难和问题面前,团队精神非常关键,只有学会分享、与人合作才能 实现共赢。 1.A 考查名词。game游戏、比赛;show 表演、展示;concert音乐会;party聚会、派对。根据 第二段的主要意思以及第四段中的“Those.were.out of the game”的词汇复现,判断选A。 2.C 考查名
51、词。purpose目的;suggestion建议、提议;thought想法、主意、思想;plan计划、打 算。根据句意“他们非常吃惊并且带着各种各样的想法全都到了那个大厅”,可知选C。 3.B 考查副词。quietly 安静地,carefully小心地、仔细地,secretly秘密地,clearly清楚地。根据 第三段第二句话可知为了保证气球不爆,这些人应该是被要求把自己的名字小心地写在气球 上,故选择B。 4.D 考查形容词。honest 诚实的,坦诚的;ready 准备好的;patient 有耐心的;successful 成功 的。根据句意“所有的人试着去做,但是不是所有的人都成功了”,再根据下一句“由于压力 5个气球爆了”可知此处应该选D。此题要特别注意连词“but”的意义。,
