1、Unit 2 PoemsGrammarSubjunctive Mood虚拟语气(二),虚拟语气知识回顾,观察哪句是错综时间的虚拟语气,2.如果你当初听医生的话,现在你已经好了。(从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反)If you had listened to the doctor,you would be all right now.,1.如果你当初听医生的话,你那时就已经好了。(从句与过去事实相反,主句与过去事实相反)If you had listened to the doctor,you would have been all right now.,我是错综时间,观察哪句是错综时间的
2、虚拟语气,2.如果我是你的话,我就不会错过昨晚那场电影。(从句与现在事实相反,主句与过去事实相反)If I were you,I wouldnt have missed the movie.,1.如果我是你的话,我就去看电影。(从句与现在事实相反,主句与现在事实相反)If I were you,I would go to see the movie.,我是错综时间,1、错综时间虚拟语气-事实和假设的混合,事实:,I fully occupied.,上周我本来会和她去北京的,但我太忙了。,假设和事实混合:,上周我没有和她去北京,我太忙了。,I to Beijing with her last w
3、eek.,I to Beijing with her last week,but I fully occupied.,didnt go,was,would have gone,was,我是假设,是虚拟语气,我是事实,是陈述语气,一、虚拟条件句的几种特殊情况,2、含蓄虚拟条件句,= air,no one could live.,1) If there were no air,no one could live.,2) If it hadnt been for his help,I would have failed.,没有空气,人就不能活。,要不是有他的帮助,我就会失败了。,= his help
4、,I would have failed.,含蓄条件句中没有明显的虚拟条件if 从句, 而利用其他暗示存在虚拟条件。常见有介词或介词短语,如 without,but for ,but that 等,都可以转化为if引导的条件句。,Without,But for/that,2、含蓄虚拟条件句,=I didnt know that he was a cheat, _I wouldnt have believed him.,3) If I had known he was a cheat , I wouldnt have believed him. ),我不知道他是个骗子,不然我也不会相信他了。,含
5、蓄条件句中通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but,otherwise,or, or else等词。,or else,4) If I were not so busy, I would certainly go there with you.=Im really very busy,_ I would certainly go there with you.,otherwise,=_ I a bird,I could fly freely.,1) If I were a bird,I could fly freely.,假如我是一只小鸟,我就能自由翱翔。,Were,2) If it should
6、 rain next week,we would put the sports meeting off.=_ it rain next week,we would put the sports meeting off.,3、虚拟条件句中的倒装,Should,要是下周下雨的话,我们就推迟运动会。,3) If we had known each other earlier,I would have helped you to set up the company.=_ we known each other earlier,I would have helped you to set up the
7、 company.如果我们早就认识的话,我就帮助你开办公司了。,Had,当虚拟条件句的谓语中有were,had或should时,可以将从属连词if省略,同时将were,had或should放到 主语之前,构成半倒装。,二、其他从句中的虚拟语气,1主语从句中的虚拟语气句型:It is+adj./n./V-ed +that 从句It is very strange that he should not come.很奇怪,他竟然没有来。It is a pity that we should not meet last night.真遗憾我们昨天晚上没有见过面。,在表示惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义
8、的主语从句中常使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用(should)动词原形, 主句中的谓语动词形式不限。形容词有:disappointing/surprising/upsetting/frightening/curious/important/strange/proper/necessary/natural,2主语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气 1)My suggestion is that we(should)go there at once.我的建议是我们应该立即去那里。 2)We followed his advice that we should ask our teacher for help.我
9、们接受了他的建议:我们应该请求老师的帮助。,表示请求、要求、命令、建议等的名词advice,desire,decision,idea,instruction,order,plan,proposal,recommendation,request,requirement,suggestion,wish等充当句子的主语而后面接表语从句或它们后面接同位语从句时要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用(should)动词原形。,3方式状语从句中的虚拟语气 1) They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long.他们开始热烈地谈论起来就好
10、像他们已相互认识很久2) He coughed twice as if someone should come.他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。,*从句动作“认识”发生在主句动作“交谈”之前,用过去完成时,*从句动作“来”发生在主句动作“咳嗽”之后,用过去将来时,三、虚拟语气的其他用法,1It is high time that we had supper.我们该吃晚饭了。,*句型:It is (high/about) time that. that从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语用过去时或“should动词原形”,should不可省略。,2If only I were a flying bird!如果我
11、是一只飞鸟该多好啊!If only I had seen the film!如果我看过那部电影该多好啊!,在if only引导的感叹句中也要求用虚拟语气。表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望用一般过去时或“would/could动词原形”;表示与过去事实相反的愿望用过去完成时,常译为“要是就好了”。,.句型转换 1If I had studied science,and not literature then,I would be able to give you more help. science,and not literature then,I would be able to give y
12、ou more help. 2The teacher required all work to be finished before school was over. The teacher required that all work before school was over. 3If I hadnt run all the way to school yesterday,I would have been late for the talent show. I all the way to school yesterday, I would have been late for the
13、 talent show. 4If he were an eagle,he could fly everywhere. ,he could fly everywhere.,Had I studied,be finished,ran,otherwise,Were he an eagle,5If it hadnt been for the teachers help,I wouldnt have made so much progress. the teachers help,I wouldnt have made so much progress. 6If he had studied hard
14、er last term,he would have passed the exam. He would have passed the exam,but he hard last term. 7If it should rain tomorrow,we would stay at home. tomorrow,we would stay at home. 8If I had known she was a liar,I wouldnt have believed her. I didnt know she was a liar, I wouldnt have believed her. 9I
15、ts time that we studied harder. Its time that we harder. 10He suggested that we go there by bike. we go there by bike.,But for,didnt study,Should it rain,or else,should study,His suggestion is that,.完成句子 1要是当初你早点通知我,我就不会签那个合同了。,I wouldnt have signed the contract. 2要是你昨天修了房子的话,房子现在就不会湿了。Had you repai
16、red the house yesterday, now. 3如果我是你,昨天就帮了那个人了。If I were you,I yesterday. 4真可惜,你没看这部电影。It is a pity that you . 5我们早该采取措施来制止污染了。Its time that to stop pollution. 6要是我当时向她道歉就好了。If only I . 7他们谈话的样子好像就是多年的老朋友似的。They talked as if . 8重要的是这项任务不能失败。It is important that .,If you had informed me,it wouldnt be wet,would have helped the man that,should have missed the film,we took/should take measures,had apologized to her,they had been friends for years.,this task(should) not fail,Thank you !,